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Manius (praenomen)
Manius ( , ; feminine form: ''Mania'') is a Latin , or personal name, which was used throughout the period of the Roman Republic, and well into imperial times. The name was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic and . Manius was originally abbreviated with an archaic five-stroke "M" (in Unicode ), which was not otherwise used in Latin. In place of this letter, the praenomen came to be abbreviated M'.''Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology'' Although regularly used by certain , such as the Acilii, Aemilii, Aquilii, Papirii, Sergii, and Valerii, Manius was not used by the majority of families, and was never particularly common. Between ten and twelve other praenomina were used more frequently. It became less common during the period of the Roman Empire, eventually falling out of use. Origin and meaning of the name The Roman scholar Sextus Pompeius Festus Sextus Pompeius Festus, usually known simply as Festus, was a Roman gram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praenomen
The ''praenomen'' (; plural: ''praenomina'') was a personal name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the ''dies lustricus'' (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the '' toga virilis'' upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the ''tria nomina'' commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside. Backgr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acilia Gens
The gens Acilia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, that flourished from the middle of the third century BC until at least the fifth century AD, a period of seven hundred years. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Gaius Acilius, who was quaestor in 203 and tribune of the plebs in 197 BC.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 13 ("Acilia Gens"). Praenomina The Acilii were particularly fond of the praenomen '' Manius'', which they used more than any other. They also used the names ''Gaius, Lucius, Caeso'', and '' Marcus''. Branches and cognomina The three main branches of the Acilii bore the cognomina ''Aviola, Balbus'', and ''Glabrio''. The Glabriones were the first family to appear in history, and they continued the longest. Members of this family have been identified from the third century BC into the fifth century AD, a span of time that no other Roman family can be proved to have bridged. According to Millar, " e one indubit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sextus Pompeius Festus
Sextus Pompeius Festus, usually known simply as Festus, was a Roman grammarian who probably flourished in the later 2nd century AD, perhaps at Narbo (Narbonne) in Gaul. Work He made a 20-volume epitome of Verrius Flaccus's voluminous and encyclopedic treatise ''De verborum significatione''. Flaccus had been a celebrated grammarian who flourished in the reign of Augustus. Festus gives the etymology as well as the meaning of many words, and his work throws considerable light on the language, mythology and antiquities of ancient Rome. He made a few alterations, and inserted some critical remarks of his own. He also omitted such ancient Latin words as had long been obsolete; these he apparently discussed in a separate work now lost, entitled ''Priscorum verborum cum exemplis''. Even incomplete, Festus' lexicon reflects at second hand the enormous intellectual effort that had been made in the Augustan Age to put together information on the traditions of the Roman world, which was alrea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeria Gens
The gens Valeria was a patrician family at ancient Rome, prominent from the very beginning of the Republic to the latest period of the Empire. Publius Valerius Poplicola was one of the consuls in 509 BC, the year that saw the overthrow of the Tarquins, and the members of his family were among the most celebrated statesmen and generals at the beginning of the Republic. Over the next ten centuries, few gentes produced as many distinguished men, and at every period the name of ''Valerius'' was constantly to be found in the lists of annual magistrates, and held in the highest honour. Several of the emperors claimed descent from the Valerii, whose name they bore as part of their official nomenclature.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, pp. 1215, 1216 ("Valeria Gens"). A number of unusual privileges attached to this family, including the right to burial within the city walls, and a special place for its members in the Circus Maximus, where the uniq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergia Gens
The gens Sergia was a patrician family at ancient Rome, which held the highest offices of the Roman state from the first century of the Republic until imperial times. The first of the Sergii to obtain the consulship was Lucius Sergius Fidenas in 437 BC. Despite long and distinguished service, toward the end of the Republic the reputation of this gens suffered as a result of the conspiracy of Catiline.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 787 ("Sergia Gens"). Origin The Sergii claimed descent from Sergestus, one of the Trojans who came to Italy with Aeneas, a tradition mentioned by Vergil in the Aeneid. The etymology of the nomen ''Sergius'' is problematic. Chase hesitantly suggests a connection with the praenomen ''Servius'', probably from an old Latin root meaning to preserve or keep safe. He classifies the nomen with other gentilicia that either originated at Rome, or cannot be shown to have come from anywhere else. However, the cognomen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papiria Gens
The gens Papiria was a patrician family at ancient Rome. According to tradition, the Papirii had already achieved prominence in the time of the kings, and the first Rex Sacrorum and Pontifex Maximus of the Republic were members of this gens. Lucius Papirius Mugillanus was the first of the Papirii to obtain the consulship in 444 BC. The patrician members of the family regularly occupied the highest offices of the Roman state down to the time of the Punic Wars. Their most famous member was Lucius Papirius Cursor, five times consul between 326 and 313 BC, who earned three triumphs during the Samnite Wars. Most of the Papirii who held office under the later Republic belonged to various plebeian branches of the family. Although the most illustrious Papirii flourished in the time of the Republic, a number of the family continued to hold high office during the first two centuries of the Empire.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 118 ("Papiria Gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquillia Gens
The gens Aquillia or Aquilia was a plebeian family of great antiquity at ancient Rome. Two of the Aquillii are mentioned among the Roman nobles who conspired to bring back the Tarquins, and a member of the house, Gaius Aquillius Tuscus, was consul in 487 BC. Origin The nomen ''Aquilius'' or ''Aquillius'' is probably derived from ''aquila'', an eagle. On coins and inscriptions the name is almost always written ''Aquillius'', but in manuscripts generally with a single ''l''. The oldest branch of the family bore the cognomen ''Tuscus'', suggesting that the ''gens'' may have been of Etruscan origin, although the nomen of the gens is indisputably Latin, and the name ''Tuscus'' could have been acquired in other ways. This cognomen is nonetheless dubious as only found in late sources; Robert Broughton mentions that it could have also been ''Sabinus''. From the imagery of their coins, it seems that the Aquillii had a special devotion for Sol, a rare occurrence under the Republic. Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aemilia Gens
The gens Aemilia, originally written Aimilia, was one of the greatest patrician families at ancient Rome. The gens was of great antiquity, and claimed descent from Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome. Its members held the highest offices of the state, from the early decades of the Republic to imperial times.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 30 ("Aemilia Gens"). The Aemilii were almost certainly one of the ''gentes maiores'', the most important of the patrician families. Their name was associated with three major roads (the ''Via Aemilia'', the ''Via Aemilia Scauri'', and the '), an administrative region of Italy, and the Basilica Aemilia at Rome. Origin Several stories were told of the foundation of the Aemilii, of which the most familiar was that their ancestor, Mamercus, was the son of Numa Pompilius. In the late Republic, several other gentes claimed descent from Numa, including the Pompilii, Pomponii, Calpurnii, and Pinarii. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manilia Gens
The gens Manilia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens are frequently confused with the Manlii, Mallii, and Mamilii. Several of the Manilii were distinguished in the service of the Republic, with Manius Manilius obtaining the consulship in 149 BC; but the family itself remained small and relatively unimportant.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 917 ("Manilia Gens"). Origin The nomen ''Manilius'' seems to be derived from the praenomen '' Manius'', and so probably shares a common root with the nomen of the Manlii. This being the case, the Manilii were almost certainly of Latin origin. Branches and cognomina The Manilii were never divided into distinct families, and the only surname found under the Republic is ''Mancinus'', although this probably belonged to one of the Manlii, who has been erroneously named as a Manilius in some manuscripts. A few cognomina are found in Imperial times. Members * Sextus Manilius, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Given Name
A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname. The term ''given name'' refers to a name usually bestowed at or close to the time of birth, usually by the parents of the newborn. A ''Christian name'' is the first name which is given at baptism, in Christian custom. In informal situations, given names are often used in a familiar and friendly manner. In more formal situations, a person's surname is more commonly used. The idioms 'on a first-name basis' and 'being on first-name terms' refer to the familiarity inherent in addressing someone by their given name. By contrast, a surname (also known as a family name, last name, or ''gentile name, gentile'' name) is normally inherited and shared with other members of one's immediate family. Regnal names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manlia Gens
The gens Manlia () was one of the oldest and noblest Patrician (ancient Rome), patrician houses at Ancient Rome, Rome, from the earliest days of the Roman Republic, Republic until imperial times. The first of the gens to obtain the Roman consul, consulship was Gnaeus Manlius Cincinnatus, consul in 480 BC, and for nearly five centuries its members frequently held the most important Roman magistrate, magistracies. Many of them were distinguished statesmen and generals, and a number of prominent individuals under the Roman Empire, Empire claimed the illustrious Manlii among their ancestors.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 920 ("s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Manlia gens, Manlia Gens"). Origin The Manlii were said to hail from the ancient Latins (Italic tribe), Latin city of Tusculum. The Nomen gentilicium, nomen ''Manlia'' may be a patronymic surname, based on the praenomen ''Manius (praenomen), Manius'', presumably th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patronymic
A patronymic, or patronym, is a component of a personal name based on the given name of one's father, grandfather (avonymic), or an earlier male ancestor. Patronymics are still in use, including mandatory use, in many countries worldwide, although their use has largely been replaced by or transformed into patronymic surnames. Examples of such transformations include common English surnames such as Johnson (son of John). Origins of terms The usual noun and adjective in English is ''patronymic'', but as a noun this exists in free variation alongside ''patronym''. The first part of the word ''patronym'' comes from Greek πατήρ ''patēr'' "father" (GEN πατρός ''patros'' whence the combining form πατρο- ''patro''-); the second part comes from Greek ὄνυμα ''onyma'', a variant form of ὄνομα ''onoma'' "name". In the form ''patronymic'', this stands with the addition of the suffix -ικός (''-ikos''), which was originally used to form adjectives with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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