Polish Uplanders ( pl, Pogórzanie; also known as Western Pogorzans and Eastern Pogorzans), are a distinctive subethnic group of

Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in ...

that mostly live in the Central Beskidian Range of the Subcarpathian highlands. The Polish Uplanders inhabited the central and the southern half of the

Beskids The Beskids or Beskid Mountains ( pl, Beskidy, cs, Beskydy, sk, Beskydy, rue, Бескиды (''Beskydŷ''), ua, Бескиди (''Beskydy'')) are a series of mountain ranges in the Carpathians, stretching from the Czech Republic in the west ...

in Poland, including the Ciężkowickie, Strzyżowskie and Dynowskie Plateau as well as

Doły Jasielsko-Sanockie , photo=Pogorze nadolany.jpg , country= Poland, country1= , parent=Central Beskidian Piedmont in Sanok County, Krosno County, Jasło County, Gorlice County, , border=Bieszczady Mountains, and Low Beskids , geology= granite, gneiss, limestone ...

, from the White River (''Biała'') in the west to the

San River The San ( pl, San; uk, Сян ''Sian''; german: Saan) is a river in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, a tributary of the river Vistula, with a length of (it is the 6th-longest Polish river) and a basin area of 16,877 km2 (14,42 ...

in the east. They represent the major population groups inhabiting the

Subcarpathian Voivodeship Subcarpathian Voivodeship or Subcarpathia Province (in pl, Województwo podkarpackie ) is a voivodeship, or province, in the southeastern corner of Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów. Along with the Marshall, it i ...

. These are mainly Polish people with a part numbers of German and Rusyn people . Polish Uplanders are neighbours with: ''Lachy sądeckie'' to the west; '' Krakowiacy'' and '' Rzeszowiacy'' to the north, and; ''Dolinians'' and

Lemko Lemkos ( rue, Лeмкы, translit= Lemkŷ; pl, Łemkowie; uk, Лемки, translit=Lemky) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Lemko Region ( rue, Лемковина, translit=Lemkovyna; uk, Лемківщина, translit=Lemkivshchyna) of C ...

s (both

Rusyn Rusyn may refer to: * Rusyn people, an East Slavic people ** Pannonian Rusyn people, a branch of Rusyn people ** Lemkos, a branch of Rusyn (or Ukrainian) people ** Boykos, a branch of Rusyn (or Ukrainian) people * Rusyn language, an East Slavic l ...

subgroups) to the south. With regard to cultural differences Uplanders are divided into two parts: western (the area of

Gorlice Gorlice ( uk, Горлиці, translit=''Horlytsi'') is a city and an urban municipality ("gmina") in south eastern Poland with around 29,500 inhabitants (2008). It is situated south east of Kraków and south of Tarnów between Jasło and Nowy S� ...

Jasło Jasło is a county town in south-eastern Poland with 36,641 inhabitants, as of 31 December 2012. It is situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (since 1999), and it was previously part of Krosno Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located in Lesse ...

and

Strzyżów Strzyżów is a town in Strzyżów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, along the Wisłok river valley. Strzyżów is one of the towns within the Strzyżowsko-Dynowskie Foothill, located south-east of Kraków and 30 km from Rzesz ...

), southern

Sanok Sanok (in full the Royal Free City of Sanok — pl, Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok, rue, Санок, ''Sanok'', ua, Cянік, ''Sianik'', la, Sanocum, yi, סאניק, ''Sonik'') is a town in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of south-eastern ...

, and eastern (

Brzozów Brzozów ( uk, Березів, ''Bereziv''; yi, ברעזשוב ''Brezhov''; lat. ''Brozovia'', or ''Prozzow'') is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 7,336 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated in Subcarpathian Voivodeship (since 19 ...

). The border between those two groups is in

Krosno Krosno (in full ''The Royal Free City of Krosno'', pl, Królewskie Wolne Miasto Krosno) is a historical town and county in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland. The estimated population of the town is 47,140 inhabitants as of 2 ...

. The differences between western and eastern groups were especially seen in architecture and clothes. Traditional occupations of the Polish Uplanders included agriculture, oil

mining Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the econom ...

and the military; today these are joined by the service and petroleum industries, and agrotourism. The Pogórzan dialect is considered by Polish scholars to be part of the Lesser Polish dialect cluster.

Eastern Pogorzan landscape

History

In 1854 in the village Bóbrka near

, the first oil field in the world began production.The Ignacy Łukasiewicz Memorial Museum of Oil Industry. Andrzej Kozłowski,

Uniwersytet Warszawski The University of Warsaw ( pl, Uniwersytet Warszawski, la, Universitas Varsoviensis) is a public university in Warsaw, Poland. Established in 1816, it is the largest institution of higher learning in the country offering 37 different fields of ...

Oil field in Bóbrka. Official website. :: ''

Sanok Land Sanok Land ( pl, ziemia sanocka, ) was a historical administrative division unit ('' ziemia'') of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th-18th centuries. It consisted of land that now belongs to the powiats (counties) of: Sanok, Brzo ...

Foods

References

Bibliography

Michael Burleigh Michael Burleigh (born 3 April 1955) is an English author and historian whose primary focus is on Nazi Germany and related subjects. He has also been active in bringing history to television. Early life Michael Burleigh was born on 3 April 1955. ...

. Germany Turns Eastwards. Astudy of Ostforschung in the Third Reich. Cambridge. 1988. * Ernst Schwarz. Von den "Walddeutschen" in Galizien, "Schlesien" Jh. V. Z. III. S. 147–156. * Wojciech Blajer. Bemerkungen zum Stand der Forschungen uber die Enklawen der mittelalterlichen deutschen Besiedlung zwischen

Wisłoka The Wisłoka is a river in south-eastern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula river, with a length of and a basin area of . The highest elevations reach an elevation of , while the lowest point in the valley of the river Wisłoka lies at an ele ...

und San. n:Późne średniowiecze w Karpatach polskich. red. Prof. Jan Gancarski. Krosno. 2007.

External links

Pogorzans (Polish Uplanders)
*Gisele Hildebrandt, Otto Adamski. Dorfimfersuchungen in dem alten deutsch-ukrainischen Grenzbereich von Landshuf. Kraków. 1943

( Urzejowice
Markowa
(

Markowa Markowa is a village in Łańcut County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Markowa. It lies approximately south-east of Łańcut and east of the regional ...