''Paxillus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is ...

s of which most are known to be

poisonous Poison is a chemical substance that has a detrimental effect to life. The term is used in a wide range of scientific fields and industries, where it is often specifically defined. It may also be applied colloquially or figuratively, with a broa ...

or inedible. Species include '' Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''

Tapinella panuoides ''Tapinella panuoides'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Tapinella''. Atromentin Atromentin is a natural chemical compound found in Agaricomycetes fungi in the orders Agaricales and Thelephorales. It can also be prepared by laboratory synt ...

'' and ''

Tapinella atrotomentosa ''Tapinella atrotomentosa'', commonly known as the velvet roll-rim or velvet-footed pax, is a species of fungus in the family Tapinellaceae. Although it has gills, it is a member of the pored mushroom order Boletales. August Batsch described t ...

''—have now been transferred to the related genus '' Tapinella'' in the family

Tapinellaceae The Tapinellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Boletales The Boletales are an order of Agaricomycetes containing over 1300 species with a diverse array of fruiting body types. The boletes are the best known members of this group, and unt ...

Binder M, Larsson KH, Matheny PB, Hibbett DS. 2010. Amylocorticiales ord. nov. and Jaapiales ord. nov.: Early diverging clades of Agaricomycetidae dominated by corticioid forms. Mycologia 102:865. ''Paxillus'' means ''small stake''.

Edibility

While this genus has in the past been erroneously considered edible, it is now known to be poisonous and has been linked to a number of recorded fatalities. The deadly poisonings appear to have been due to eating the mushrooms raw.

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...

lists 38 valid species in ''Paxillus'': *'' Paxillus albidulus'' *'' Paxillus amazonicus'' *'' Paxillus ammoniavirescens'' *'' Paxillus atraetopus'' *'' Paxillus brunneotomentosus'' *'' Paxillus chalybaeus'' *'' Paxillus coffeaceus'' *'' Paxillus defibulatus'' *'' Paxillus fasciculatus'' *'' Paxillus fechtneri'' *'' Paxillus guttatus'' *'' Paxillus gymnopus'' *'' Paxillus hortensis'' *'' Paxillus ianthinophyllus'' *'' Paxillus involutus'' *'' Paxillus ionipus'' *'' Paxillus leoninus'' *'' Paxillus maculatus'' *'' Paxillus minutesquamulosus'' *'' Paxillus obscurisporus'' *'' Paxillus ochraceus'' *'' Paxillus pahangensis'' *'' Paxillus piperatus'' *'' Paxillus polychrous'' *'' Paxillus rhytidophyllus'' *'' Paxillus robiniae'' *'' Paxillus rubicundulus'' *'' Paxillus scleropus'' *'' Paxillus serbicus'' *'' Paxillus squamosus'' *'' Paxillus validus'' *'' Paxillus velenovskyi'' *'' Paxillus vernalis'' *'' Paxillus yunnanensis'' *'' Paxillus zerovae''

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q573055 Paxillaceae Boletales genera