The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Greenland: Greenland – autonomous Nordic nation that is a constituent country of the

Kingdom of Denmark The Danish Realm ( da, Danmarks Rige; fo, Danmarkar Ríki; kl, Danmarkip Naalagaaffik), officially the Kingdom of Denmark (; ; ), is a sovereign state located in Northern Europe and Northern North America. It consists of Denmark, metropolitan ...

. Greenland comprises the

Island of Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is ...

and adjacent islands located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically and ethnically an Arctic

island nation An island country, island state or an island nation is a country whose primary territory consists of one or more islands or parts of islands. Approximately 25% of all independent countries are island countries. Island countries are historically ...

associated with the continent of North America, politically and historically, Greenland is associated with Europe, specifically Iceland, Norway, and Denmark. In 1978, Denmark granted home rule to Greenland, making it an equal member of the Danish Realm. Greenland is, by area, the world's largest island which is not a continent in its own right.Joshua Calder's World Island Info
/ref>

General reference

* Pronunciation: * Common English country name: Greenland * Official English country name: Greenland of the

* Common

endonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, ...

(s):

Kalaallit Nunaat Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...

* Official endonym(s):

* Adjectival(s):

Greenlandic (disambiguation) * Something of, from, or related to Greenland, a country * List of people from Greenland *Greenlandic Inuit are people identified with the country of Greenland, or of Greenlandic descent: see Demographics of Greenland ** List of Greenlandic Inuit ...

Demonym A demonym (; ) or gentilic () is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, ...

(s): Greenlander(s) * Etymology:

Name of Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic Ocean, Arctic and Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic oceans, east of the ...

* ISO country codes: GL, GRL, 304 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:GL * Internet country code top-level domain:

.gl .gl is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for Greenland. The domain is available for Internet services worldwide and registrations are handled by ICANN-accredited domain name registrars. The doma ...

Geography of Greenland

Geography of Greenland * Greenland is: an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark * Location: **

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

and Western Hemisphere *** North America (though not on the mainland) ** Between the Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Ocean ** Time zones: ***

Danmarkshavn Danmarkshavn (Denmark's Harbour) is a small weather station located in Dove Bay, on the southern shore of the Germania Land Peninsula, in Northeast Greenland National Park, Greenland. History The location was chosen as a suitable winter harbor b ...

and Ittoqqortoormiit –

UTC+00 UTC+00:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +00:00. In ISO 8601, an example of the associated time would be written as 2019-02-07T23:28:34+00:00. It is also known by the following geographical or historical names: *Greenwich Mean ...

***

Pituffik Pituffik is a former settlement in northern Greenland, located at the eastern end of Bylot Sound by a tombolo known as ''Uummannaq'', near the current site of the American Thule Air Base. The former inhabitants were relocated to the present-day to ...

– UTC-03 *** Rest of Greenland – UTC-02 **

Extreme points of Greenland Greenland is located between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada and northwest of Iceland. The territory comprises the island of Greenland—the largest island in the world—and more than a hundred other smaller i ...

*** High: Gunnbjørn Fjeld – highest point in the Arctic *** Low: Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean 0 m ** Land boundaries: ** Coastline: 44,087 km * Population of Greenland: 56,344 * * Area of Greenland: 2,166,086 km² *

Atlas of Greenland An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a bundle of maps of Earth or of a region of Earth. Atlases have traditionally been bound into book form, but today many atlases are in multimedia formats. In addition to presenting geographi ...

Environment of Greenland

Climate of Greenland Greenland's climate is a tundra climate (Köppen ET) on and near the coasts and an ice cap climate (Köppen EF) in inland areas. It typically has short, cool summers and long, moderately cold winters. Due to Gulf Stream influences, Greenland' ...

Environmental issues in Greenland A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution. A biophysical environment can vary in scale f ...

* Renewable energy in Greenland * Geology of Greenland * Protected areas of Greenland ** Biosphere reserves in Greenland ** National parks of Greenland * Wildlife of Greenland ** Flora of Greenland *** '' Flora and fauna of Greenland'' **

Fauna of Greenland Although the bulk of its area is covered by ice caps inhospitable to most forms of life, Greenland's terrain and waters support a wide variety of plant and animal species. The northeastern part of the island is the world's largest national park. Th ...

***

Birds of Greenland Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight s ...

***

Mammals of Greenland Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

*** '' Flora and fauna of Greenland''

Natural geographic features of Greenland

* Canyons of Greenland **

Greenland's Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon of Greenland is a tentative canyon of record length discovered underneath the Greenland ice sheet as reported in the journal ''Science'' on 30 August 2013 (submitted 29 April 2013), by scientists from the University of Bristol ...

Fjords of Greenland In physical geography, a fjord or fiord () is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. Fjords exist on the coasts of Alaska, Antarctica, British Columbia, Chile, Denmark, Germany, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Icel ...

* Glaciers of Greenland * Islands of Greenland * Lakes of Greenland * Mountains of Greenland *

Rivers of Greenland A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of wate ...

** Waterfalls of Greenland *

Valleys of Greenland A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over ...

World Heritage Sites in Greenland In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the worl ...

Regions of Greenland

Ecoregions of Greenland

List of ecoregions in Greenland

Administrative divisions of Greenland

Administrative divisions of Greenland Greenland is divided into five municipalities Avannaata, Kujalleq, Qeqertalik, Qeqqata, and SermersooqStatistics Greenland''Greenland in Figures, 2014''/ref> as well as the large Northeast Greenland National Park which is unincorporated. The ...

* Counties of Greenland ** Municipalities of Greenland

= Counties of Greenland

= Municipalities of Greenland

= Municipalities of Greenland *

Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

of Greenland: Nuuk * Cities of Greenland

Demography of Greenland

Demographics of Greenland

Government and politics of Greenland

Politics of Greenland The politics of Greenland, an autonomous country ( kl, nuna, da, land) within the Kingdom of Denmark, function in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic dependency, whereby the prime minister is the head of government, and of ...

Form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

: parliamentary

representative democratic Representative democracy, also known as indirect democracy, is a type of democracy where elected people represent a group of people, in contrast to direct democracy. Nearly all modern Western-style democracies function as some type of represe ...

Danish Danish may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Denmark People * A national or citizen of Denmark, also called a "Dane," see Demographics of Denmark * Culture of Denmark * Danish people or Danes, people with a Danish ance ...

dependency *

of Greenland: Nuuk * Elections in Greenland *

Political parties in Greenland This is a list of political parties in Greenland, as of 20 April 2021. Greenland has a multi-party system. Active parties Dissolved parties * Sukaq * Labour Party * Women's Party * Polar Party * Centre Party (Greenland) * Roots Party * Ass ...

Branches of the government of Greenland

Government of Greenland

Executive branch of the government of Greenland

* Head of state:

Queen of Denmark The monarchy of Denmark is a constitutional institution and a historic office of the Kingdom of Denmark. The Kingdom includes Denmark proper and the autonomous territories of the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The Kingdom of Denmark was alr ...

, Queen Margrethe II, represented by

High Commissioner of Greenland The High Commission of Denmark in Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaanni Naalagaaffiup Sinniisoqarfia, da, Rigsombuddet i Grønland) is a Danish institution in Greenland. Functions The High Commissioner represents the crown and the Kingdom Govern ...

Mikaela Engell Mikaela Engell (born 4 October 1956) is a Danish civil servant who served as High Commissioner of Greenland, a post she has held from 2011 to 2022. She had previously worked in the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, first as a Permanent Secreta ...

* Head of government: Prime Minister of Greenland, Kim Kielsen

Legislative branch of the government of Greenland

* Landsting ( unicameral)

Judicial branch of the government of Greenland

Court system of Greenland * Landsret

Foreign relations of Greenland

Foreign relations of Greenland *

Diplomatic missions in Greenland Diplomatics (in American English, and in most anglophone countries), or diplomatic (in British English), is a scholarly discipline centred on the critical analysis of documents: especially, historical documents. It focuses on the conventions, p ...

Diplomatic missions of Greenland Diplomatics (in American English, and in most anglophone countries), or diplomatic (in British English), is a scholarly discipline centred on the critical analysis of documents: especially, historical documents. It focuses on the conventions, p ...

Greenland and the European Union Greenland, an autonomous Countries of the Kingdom of Denmark, territory within the Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark (which also includes the territories of Denmark and Faroe Islands) is one of the EU members’ Special member state territories a ...

International organization membership

The government of Greenland is a member of: *

Arctic Council The Arctic Council is a high-level intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic. At present, eight countries exercise sovereignty over the lands within the Arctic Circle, ...

Nordic Council The Nordic Council is the official body for formal inter-parliamentary Nordic cooperation among the Nordic countries. Formed in 1952, it has 87 representatives from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden as well as from the autonomou ...

(NC) * Nordic Investment Bank (NIB) * Universal Postal Union (UPU) * Human rights in Greenland ** LGBT rights in Greenland **

Freedom of religion in Greenland Freedom is understood as either having the ability to act or change without constraint or to possess the power and resources to fulfill one's purposes unhindered. Freedom is often associated with liberty and autonomy in the sense of "giving on ...

* Law enforcement in Greenland

Military of Greenland

Military of Greenland The defence of Greenland is the responsibility of the Kingdom of Denmark. The government of Greenland does not have control of Greenland's military or foreign affairs. The most important part of Greenland's defensive territory remains the 12 mar ...

* Command ** Commander-in-chief: *** Ministry of Defence of Greenland: None,

Island Command Greenland Island Command Greenland ( da, Grønlands Kommando), or simply "GLK", was a Level.II authority responsible directly to the Defence Command. It was, among other things, responsible for the military defense of Greenland, maritime and sovereignty m ...

is de facto defense command * Forces ** Greenlandic Coast Guard ** Army of Greenland: None, Defense is the responsibility of Denmark ** Navy of Greenland: None, Defense is the responsibility of Denmark ** Air Force of Greenland: None, Defense is the responsibility of Denmark ** Special forces of Greenland: None, Defense is the responsibility of Denmark * Greenland in World War II

Local government in Greenland

* Municipalities: ** Qaasuitsup ** Qeqqata ** Sermersooq ** Kujalleq *

Northeast Greenland National Park Northeast Greenland National Park ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq, da, Grønlands Nationalpark) is the world's largest national park and the 10th List of largest protected areas in the world, largest protected area (the only large ...

History of Greenland

Military history of Greenland A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

Culture of Greenland

Culture of Greenland The culture of Greenland has much in common with Greenlandic Inuit tradition, as the majority of people are descended from Inuit. Many people still go ice fishing and there are annual dog-sled races in which everyone with a team participates. Howe ...

* Architecture of Greenland * Cuisine of Greenland *

Festivals in Greenland A festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristic aspect or aspects of that community and its religion or cultures. It is often marked as a local or national holiday, mela, or eid. A festival co ...

Languages of Greenland The official language of Greenland is Greenlandic. The number of speakers of Greenlandic is estimated at 50,000 (85-90% of the total population), divided in three main dialects, Kalaallisut (West-Greenlandic, 44,000 speakers and the dialect that ...

* Media in Greenland *

National symbols of Greenland National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

** Coat of arms of Greenland ** Flag of Greenland ** National anthem of Greenland * People of Greenland * Public holidays in Greenland * Records of Greenland * Religion in Greenland ** Christianity in Greenland *

Art in Greenland

* Art in Greenland **

List of Greenlandic artists This is a list of Greenlandic artists who were born in or who live in Greenland. A * Ivalo Abelsen (born 1971), Nuuk"Members." ...

* Cinema of Greenland * Literature of Greenland *

Music of Greenland The music of Greenland is a mixture of two primary strands, Inuit music, Inuit and Denmark, Danish, mixed with influences from the United States and United Kingdom. Greenland's musical character has been described as "definitely a rock country, bo ...

* Television in Greenland * Theatre in Greenland

Sports in Greenland

Sports in Greenland * Arctic Winter Games 2016 * Association football in Greenland * Greenland at the Olympics *

Greenland men's national handball team The Greenland national handball team ( da, Grønlands håndboldlandshold) is the national handball team of Greenland and is controlled by the Greenland Handball Federation. Greenland is the only non-independent territory to have its team taken pa ...

Greenlandic National Badminton Championships The Greenlandic National Badminton Championships is a tournament organized to crown the best badminton players in Greenland. They have been held since 1980. Past winners ReferencesBadminton Europe - Details of affiliated national organisations

Economy and infrastructure of Greenland

Economy of Greenland The economy of Greenland is characterized as small, mixed and vulnerable. Greenland's economy consists of a large public sector and comprehensive foreign trade. This has resulted in an economy with periods of strong growth, considerable inflatio ...

* Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 157th (one hundred and fifty seventh) * Agriculture in Greenland * Banking in Greenland **

Bank of Greenland The BANK of Greenland ( da, GrønlandsBANKEN) is one of two commercial banks in Greenland, listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange as GRLA, with 2,700 shareholders in 2017. Headquartered in Nuuk, the bank had 118 employees in 2017. History The ...

* Communications in Greenland ** Internet in Greenland * Companies of Greenland * Currency of Greenland: Krone **

ISO 4217 ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual cu ...

: DKK * Energy in Greenland ** Energy policy of Greenland ** Oil industry in Greenland * Mining in Greenland **

Gemstone industry in Greenland Gemstones have been found in Greenland, including diamond, ruby, sapphire, kornerupine, tugtupite, lapis lazuli, amazonite, peridot, quartz, spinel, topaz, and tourmaline. Most of Greenland's ruby and sapphire occurrences are located near the vil ...

* Greenland Stock Exchange *

Tourism in Greenland Tourism in Greenland is a relatively young business area of the country. Since the foundation of the national tourist council, Greenland Tourism, in 1992, the Home Rule Government (renamed 'Self Rule Government' in 2009) has been working actively ...

Transport in Greenland The transportation system in Greenland is very unusual in that Greenland has no railways, no inland waterways, and virtually no roads between towns. Historically the major means of transportation has been by boat around the coast in summer an ...

Airports in Greenland This is a list of airports in Greenland, grouped by type and sorted by location. Air travel is extremely important in Greenland, since there are generally no roads between settlements. Arctic Umiaq Line provides passenger and freight services by s ...

Education in Greenland

Education in Greenland See also Education in Denmark The levels of education in Greenland are primary, secondary and higher education. A 10-year primary education is compulsory for all children aged between 6 and 16. Education in Greenland is controlled by the Greenlandi ...