Old City, Bristol

Bristol City Centre is the commercial, cultural and business centre of Bristol, England. It is the area north of the New Cut of the River Avon, bounded by Clifton Wood and Clifton to the north-west, Kingsdown and Cotham to the north, and St Pauls, Lawrence Hill and St Phillip's Marsh to the east. The Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, the BBC, the main campus of the University of Bristol, the Crown and Magistrate's Courts, Temple Meads railway station, Bristol bus station, the Park Street, Broadmead and Cabot Circus shopping areas together with numerous music venues, theatres and restaurants are located in this area. The area consists of the council wards of Central, Hotwells & Harbourside, and part of Lawrence Hill.

Historic centre

The mediaeval heart of the city was immediately north of Bristol Bridge, between the River Frome and the River Avon, at the High Cross where the four cross streets High Street, Wine Street, Broad Street and Corn Street meet. The traditional view that this was also the Saxon centre was challenged in the 1970s by archaeology suggesting that Bristol's origins lay to the east of High Street in the area that is now Castle Park, but recent Saxon finds around Small Street favour the earlier view.

This was Bristol's pre-war central shopping district, a knot of ancient narrow streets including Wine Street, Mary le Port Street and Castle Street, which was severely damaged in 1940 during the Bristol Blitz. The area to the north and west of Castle Park, around Broad Street, Corn Street and St Nicholas Market largely survived, and contains many historic buildings.

The Centre

The course of the River Frome, immediately to the west of the historic centre, was covered over in stages, in the second half of the 19th century. The area became the hub of the city's tramway network, and was known as the Tramways Centre. It was so called long after the last trams left in 1941, but is now known simply as The Centre.

Between 1936 and 1938, the Centre was enlarged when more of the River Frome, between Broad Quay and St Augustine's Parade, was covered in, making way for the Inner Circuit Road. The western side of the Inner Circuit Road has since been largely decommissioned, and recent works have rebalanced The Centre in favour of pedestrians, cyclists and public transport users.

Broadmead

The area northeast of the historic area, around Broadmead, was redeveloped after the war despite overwhelming public opinion against it, and the streets and shops in Broadmead became the main shopping district of the city. Like many 1950s buildings in Britain, affordable but architecturally uninteresting utilitarian buildings form the bulk of the Broadmead area.

In the 1980s, some of these were demolished to make way for the Galleries shopping centre, which is a three level covered street. In 2008, the shopping area was extended over the central ring road to produce a new shopping centre, Cabot Circus, which opened in September 2008.

Harbourside

The City Docks were immediately south of the Centre. Although most ships used Avonmouth Docks after the Royal Edward Dock was opened in 1908, ocean-going ships were regularly seen at the Centre until the 1960s. In 1972 the Royal Portbury Dock was opened, and the City Docks were closed. The harbour buildings, including the tobacco warehouses, became redundant.

The harbourside has been regenerated in the 1990s and 2000s, with the refurbishment of warehouses as bars, restaurants, the Watershed Media Centre and the Arnolfini art gallery, as well as the creation of the At-Bristol science centre (later rebranded as We the Curious).

Gallery

Image:river.avon.from.balloon.bristol.arp.jpg, The channelled River Avon (the Floating Harbour) flows through the city centre; most of the central part of the City of Bristol is shown here
Image:bristol city centre from bottom of park street arp.jpg, The Centre, seen from the bottom of Park Street
Image:The Galleries Shopping Centre.JPG, The North Entrance to the Galleries Shopping Centre, Broadmead
Image:St. Augustine's Reach.JPG, St. Augustine's Reach, Bristol Harbour
Image:New Build.JPG, Radisson Blu Hotel and Broad Quay Serviced Apartments, The Centre
File:Corn Street, Bristol - geograph.org.uk - 1756889.jpg, Corn Street, heart of the Old City
File:Hammerbeam roof in the Great Hall of the Wills Memorial Building.JPG, Hammerbeam roof in the Great Hall of the Wills Memorial Building, University of Bristol
File:BBC Bristol TV Studios, Whiteladies Road - geograph.org.uk - 149571.jpg, BBC Bristol TV Studios, Whiteladies Road
File:Bristol Children's Hospital Sculpture.jpg, Sculpture outside Bristol Children's Hospital
File:Small Street, Bristol, 2018.jpg, Crown Court, Small Street
File:Bristol TM, Booking Offices, north-west end.jpg, Booking Office, Temple Meads Station
File:Bristol Bus Station.jpg, Bristol Bus Station
File:Park Street, Bristol - geograph.org.uk - 1756895.jpg, Park Street and Wills Memorial Building

References

External links

Bristol Old City websiteBroadmead Bristol website The future of Broadmead and Merchants Quarter
* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20060707155822/http://www.bristolcitycentre.com/default.asp?PageID=1 Bristol City Centre expansion websitebr>Map of Bristol City Centre circa 1900

{{Areas of Bristol

Areas of Bristol
Central business districts in the United Kingdom