Next to Normal

Next to Normal (stylized as next to normal) is a 2008 American rock
musical with book and lyrics by
Brian Yorkey and music by Tom Kitt.
The story centers around a mother who struggles with worsening bipolar
disorder and the effects that her illness and its management have had
on her family. The musical also addresses the issues of grief,
suicide, drug abuse, ethics in modern psychiatry and the underbelly of
suburban life.
Next to Normal

Next to Normal received several workshop performances before its
Off-Broadway debut, winning the
Outer Critics Circle Award for
Outstanding New Score and receiving
Drama Desk Awards nominations for
Outstanding Actress (Alice Ripley) and Outstanding Score. After an
Off-Broadway run, the show played at the
Arena Stage

Arena Stage in its temporary
venue in
Virginia

Virginia from November 2008 to January 2009.
The musical opened on Broadway in April 2009. It was nominated for
eleven
2009 Tony Awards

2009 Tony Awards and won three: Best Original Score, Best
Orchestration and Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical
for Alice Ripley. It also won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for Drama,
becoming the eighth musical in history to receive the honor. The
previous musical to win the Pulitzer was Rent in 1996, which was also
directed by Michael Greif. In awarding the prize to Kitt and Yorkey,
the Pulitzer Board called the show "a powerful rock musical that
grapples with mental illness in a suburban family and expands the
scope of subject matter for musicals."[1]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal has been called one of the best musicals of the 21st
century and its soundtrack one of the best original soundtracks in a
musical due to its graceful handling of its dark, complex subject
matter and its moving and brutally honest exploration into
pain.[2][3][4]
The first US national tour launched in November 2010, with Alice
Ripley reprising her Broadway role; the tour concluded in July 2011.
The Broadway production closed in January 2011 after more than 700
performances. There have been numerous international productions.
Contents
1 Synopsis
1.1 Act I
1.2 Act II
2 Characters
3 Musical numbers
4 Mental illness in Next to Normal
4.1 Bipolar I disorder
4.2 Treatment of bipolar disorder
5 Productions
5.1 Development
5.2
Off-Broadway and
Virginia

Virginia (2008–09)
5.3 Broadway (2009–11)
5.3.1
Twitter

Twitter promotional campaign
5.4 First national tour (2010–11)
6 International
6.1 Scandinavia
6.2 Asia
6.3 Australia
6.4 South America
6.5 Europe
7 Casts
8 Literary references and allusions
9 Pulitzer Prize controversy
10 Major awards and nominations
10.1 Original
Off-Broadway production
10.2 Original
Virginia

Virginia production
10.3 Original Broadway production
11 References
12 External links
Synopsis[edit]
Act I[edit]
Suburban mother Diana Goodman waits up late for her curfew-challenged
son, and attempts to comfort her anxious and overachieving daughter,
Natalie. In early morning, their son returns, and Dan, Diana's
husband, rises to help prepare the family for the day ("Just Another
Day"). Everything appears normal until Dan and Natalie realize that
the sandwiches Diana is making are covering every surface in the
kitchen. As Dan helps the disoriented Diana, the kids hurry off to
school. Natalie escapes to the refuge of the piano practice room
("Everything Else") and is interrupted by Henry, a classmate who likes
to listen to her play and who is clearly interested in her.
Over the ensuing weeks Diana makes a series of visits to her doctor,
while Dan waits in the car outside questioning how to cope with his
own depression. Diana has suffered from bipolar disorder and psychosis
for the past sixteen years. Her doctor continually adjusts her
medications, with various side effects, until she says she doesn't
feel anything, at which point he declares her "stable" ("Who's Crazy"
/ "My Psychopharmacologist and I"). Natalie and Henry grow closer
until one day he professes his love for her ("Perfect for You") and
they kiss for the first time. Diana, witnessing this, worries her best
years may be behind her ("I Miss the Mountains"). With her son's
encouragement, she flushes away her medication.
A few weeks later, Dan looks forward to dinner with his family ("It's
Gonna Be Good"), to which Henry has been invited, much to Natalie's
dismay. He happily recounts how Diana has been energetic and in a
great mood for the past weeks, but when Diana emerges with a cake
singing "Happy Birthday" to her son, Dan and Natalie are devastated.
Dan carefully reminds her that their son died sixteen years ago, when
he was an infant ("He's Not Here"). Dan mentions a return to the
doctor, but Diana refuses, saying Dan can't possibly hurt the way she
does ("You Don't Know"). Dan tries to coax her into trusting him while
their son tries to convince his mother to listen to him instead ("I Am
the One"). In her room, Natalie vents her anger to Henry and then
refuses Diana's halfhearted apology as her brother watches and taunts
her ("Superboy and the Invisible Girl").
A few days later, Diana starts work with Doctor Madden, attempting a
drug-free treatment. As her son tries to assert his presence ("I'm
Alive"), Dan and Natalie doubt the sessions are helping. After an
argument, Natalie begins experimenting with her mother's old
prescription medications. Doctor Madden proposes hypnosis to help
Diana discover the roots of her trauma. The therapy is emotionally
draining and Dan worries that it is too much of a strain on her mental
health, while Natalie bombs an important piano recital when she
realizes her mother is not present ("Make Up Your Mind" / "Catch Me
I'm Falling"). Finally, Diana agrees it's time to let her son go.
Diana goes home to clean out her son's things, pausing to listen to a
music box ("I Dreamed a Dance"). Her son dances with her and invites
her to 'go away with him' ("There's a World"). She attempts suicide
and is hospitalized.
At the hospital, Diana lies sedated and restrained, with
self-inflicted gashes to her wrists. Doctor Madden explains to Dan
that ECT is the standard course of treatment for drug-resistant
patients who are at a high risk of suicide. Dan goes home to clean up
after Diana and barely avoids a breakdown ("I've Been"). The next day,
Doctor Madden proposes the treatment to Diana, and she reacts angrily,
comparing the treatment to the lobotomies performed in the movie One
Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest ("Didn't I See This Movie?"). Dan arrives
and manages to convince her that it may be their last hope ("A Light
in the Dark").
Act II[edit]
Diana receives a series of ECT treatments over two weeks.[5]
Meanwhile, Natalie explores clubs and drugs, seemingly sharing a
hallucination with her mother. ("Wish I Were Here"). Diana returns
home from the hospital, but she has lost nineteen years of memory
("Song of Forgetting"). At school, Henry confronts Natalie about her
avoiding him, and invites her to the spring formal dance ("Hey #1").
Dan and Diana visit Doctor Madden, who assures them some memory loss
is normal ("Seconds and Years") and encourages Dan to use photos,
mementos, and the like to help Diana recover. Dan gathers the family
to do so ("Better Than Before"), with minor success. When Natalie
pulls the music box from a pile of keepsakes, he whisks it away,
leaving Diana puzzled. Her son appears, unseen ("Aftershocks"), while
Diana tells Dan there's something she's desperate to remember that's
just beyond her reach. When Henry arrives looking for Natalie, Diana
pauses, studying his face and asking his age. He reminds her of
someone. Unnerved, Henry hurries up to Natalie's room, to convince her
to join him at the dance the next night ("Hey #2").
Diana returns to Doctor Madden ("You Don't Know" [Reprise]), and he
asks Diana about memories of her son, not knowing that Dan has
purposely avoided mentioning him. Doctor Madden suggests she further
explore her history and talk more with her husband. Diana goes home
and searches through the boxes of keepsakes, finding the music box.
Dan tries to stop her, but the memories of their baby son rush back
("How Could I Ever Forget?"). Diana confesses remembering her son as a
teenager. Dan also realizes that the sons death was the start to all
their troubles. Diana demands to know his name, but Dan refuses and
instead insists they need to return for more treatment ("It's Gonna Be
Good" [Reprise]). Henry arrives to pick up Natalie, who has dressed
for the dance, just in time for both of them to witness an agitated
Dan grab the music box from Diana's hands and smash it to pieces on
the floor.
Diana confronts Dan, wondering why he perseveres after how much
trouble she's given, while upstairs, Natalie asks Henry the same
question ("Why Stay?"). Dan answers, echoed by Henry, both vowing to
stay steadfast ("A Promise"). As both couples embrace, Diana and Dan's
son reappears ("I'm Alive" [Reprise]), which sends Diana running to
Doctor Madden.
Diana asks Doctor Madden what can be done if the medicine won't work.
She realizes that it is not her brain that's hurting, but her soul
("The Break"). Madden assures her relapse is common, and suggests more
ECT ("Make Up Your Mind" / "Catch Me I'm Falling" [Reprise]). Diana
refuses. Doctor Madden urges her to continue treatment for her
chronic, deadly disease. She thanks him and leaves. Natalie, waiting
outside, is distressed to learn her mother has stopped the treatment.
Diana explains ("Maybe [Next to Normal]"), opening up to her daughter
for the first time. She urges Natalie to go to the school dance, where
Henry awaits to comfort and embrace her ("Hey #3" / "Perfect for You"
[Reprise]).
Diana tells Dan she is leaving him, explaining he can't always be
there to catch her. She needs to take a risk and deal with things on
her own ("So Anyway"). She goes and leaves their son with Dan. As Dan
wonders how she could have left him after he stood by her for so long,
their son approaches and tells Dan he's not going anywhere ("I Am the
One" [Reprise]). Dan grows more distraught until at last he faces the
boy and calls him by his name for the first time: Gabe.
Natalie comes home to find her father sitting alone in the dark, in
tears. She comforts him and turns on the lights in the room, before
assuring him the two of them will figure things out ("Light"). Henry
arrives to study. Natalie tells him Diana has gone to stay with her
own parents. Dan visits Doctor Madden hoping to talk about Diana, but
Madden instead offers him the name of another mental-health worker.
Diana appears, alone and still hurting, but hopeful.
Characters[edit]
Note: These descriptions come from the Characters section in the
script.
Diana: "Sexy. Sharp. Delusional bipolar depressive. Thirties or
forties."
Gabe: "Diana's son. Dashing. Gentile. Bright. Playful. Everything a
mother would want. Almost eighteen."
Dan: "Diana's husband. Handsome. Genuine. Constant. Tired. Thirties or
forties."
Natalie: "Diana's daughter. Sixteen and trying to be perfect. It's not
going well."
Henry: "Musician. Romantic. Stoner. Slacker. Philosopher king.
Seventeen."
Doctor Madden (Doctor Fine): "On the young side of ageless. Assured. A
rock star."[6]
Musical numbers[edit]
Note: The song titles are not listed in the program
2008 Off-Broadway
Act I
"Prelude" - Orchestra
"Preprise - Let There Be Light" - Dan, Natalie, Diana
"Just Another Day" - Diana, Natalie, Gabe, Dan
"Perfect" - Natalie
"More... And More... And More" - Diana, Natalie, Gabe, Henry, Doctor
Madden
"The Cavalry" - Dan
"Who's Crazy"/ " My Psychopharmacologist and I" - Dan, Doctor Fine,
Diana
"Perfect For You" - Henry, Natalie
"I Miss the Mountains" - Diana
"It's Gonna Be Good" - Dan, Natalie, Henry, Diana
"He's Not Here" - Dan
"You Don't Know" - Diana
"I Am the One" - Dan, Gabe, Diana
"Superboy and the Invisible Girl" - Natalie, Diana, Gabe
"Open Your Eyes" - Doctor Madden
"I'm Alive" - Gabe
"Make Up Your Mind"/ " Catch Me I'm Falling" - Doctor Madden, Diana,
Dan, Natalie, Gabe, Henry
"A Good Step" - Orchestra
"I Dreamed a Dance" - Diana, Gabe
"There's a World" - Gabe
"In the Light" - Dan
"E.C.T" - Orchestra
"I've Been" - Dan, Gabe
"Didn't I See This Movie?" - Diana
"A Light in the Dark" - Dan, Diana
"Feeling Electric" - Diana, Gabe, Dan, Doctor Madden, Natalie, Henry
Act II
"Growing Up Unstable" - Natalie
"Song of Forgetting" - Dan, Diana, Natalie
"Hey #1" - Henry, Natalie
"Seconds and Years" - Doctor Madden, Dan, Diana
"Getting Better" - Doctor Madden, Diana, Natalie
"Better Than Before" - Doctor Madden, Dan, Natalie, Diana
"Aftershocks" - Gabe
"Hey #2" - Henry, Natalie
"You Don't Know" (Reprise) - Diana, Doctor Madden
"Music Box" - Gabe
"How Could I Ever Forget?" - Diana, Dan
"It's Gonna Be Good" (Reprise) - Dan, Diana
"Why Stay?"/ "A Promise" - Diana, Natalie, Dan, Henry
"I'm Alive" (Reprise) - Gabe
"The Break" - Diana
"Make Up Your Mind"/ "Catch Me I'm Falling" (Reprise) - Doctor Madden,
Diana, Gabe
"Everything" - Diana, Natalie
"Hey #3”/ " Perfect For You" (Reprise) - Henry, Natalie
"So Anyway" - Diana
"I Am the One" (Reprise) - Dan, Gabe
"Finale (Let There Be Light)" - Diana, Dan, Natalie, Gabe, Henry,
Doctor Madden
2009 Broadway
Act I
"Prelude" - Orchestra
"Just Another Day" - Diana, Natalie, Gabe, Dan
"Everything Else" - Natalie
"Who's Crazy" / "My Psychopharmacologist and I" - Dan, Doctor Fine,
Diana
"Perfect for You" - Henry, Natalie
"I Miss the Mountains" - Diana
"It's Gonna Be Good" - Dan, Natalie, Henry, Diana
"He's Not Here" - Dan
"You Don't Know" - Diana
"I Am the One" - Dan, Gabe, Diana
"Superboy and the Invisible Girl" - Natalie, Diana, Gabe
"I'm Alive" - Gabe
"Make Up Your Mind" / "Catch Me I'm Falling" - Doctor Madden, Diana,
Dan, Natalie, Gabe, Henry
"I Dreamed a Dance" - Diana, Gabe
"There's a World" - Gabe
"I've Been" - Dan, Gabe
"Didn't I See This Movie?" - Diana
"A Light in the Dark" - Dan, Diana
Act II
"Wish I Were Here" - Diana, Natalie
"Song of Forgetting" - Dan, Diana, Natalie
"Hey #1" - Henry, Natalie
"Seconds and Years" - Doctor Madden, Dan, Diana
"Better Than Before" - Doctor Madden, Dan, Natalie, Diana
"Aftershocks" - Gabe
"Hey #2" - Henry, Natalie
"You Don't Know" (Reprise) - Diana, Doctor Madden
"How Could I Ever Forget?" - Diana, Dan
"It's Gonna Be Good" (Reprise) - Dan, Diana
"Why Stay?" / "A Promise" - Diana, Natalie, Dan, Henry
"I'm Alive" (Reprise) - Gabe
"The Break" - Diana
"Make Up Your Mind" / "Catch Me I'm Falling" (Reprise) - Doctor
Madden, Diana, Gabe
"Maybe (Next to Normal)" - Diana, Natalie
"Hey #3" / "Perfect for You" (Reprise) - Henry, Natalie
"So Anyway" - Diana
"I Am the One" (Reprise) - Dan, Gabe
"Light" - Diana, Dan, Natalie, Gabe, Henry, Doctor Madden
Mental illness in Next to Normal[edit]
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Bipolar I disorder[edit]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal follows one woman’s struggle with mental illness and
the effect of the illness on her whole family. Diana is the focus of a
complex exploration into the “monstrous mother” trope frequently
drawn on within the cultural contexts of film, television and theatre.
The writers illuminated the experience of those suffering from
bi-polar disorder. The success of this is debatable- depending on what
side you approach this issue from, it can further stigmatize the
sufferers of this illness through the attempt to realistically portray
it, or it can be a relatable and comforting expression of what it
feels like to live with on a daily basis.[7] Kitt and Yorkey began
writing the musical in 2002 and continued through 2008. There have
since been changes in the mental health field with regards to the
understanding and treatment of bipolar depressive disorder. In the
show, according to Dr. Fine, Diana is said be a “bipolar depressive
with delusional episodes”.[8] While at the time that would have been
an accurate diagnosis, things have changed, rendering that diagnosis
invalid.
The American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is a book that outlines all
mental disorders and the symptoms necessary for their diagnosis. The
APA continually edits this to accommodate new discoveries in the
field. In recent years, one of these changes was the changing of
classification for bipolar disorder (what was previously known as
bipolar depressive disorder or manic-depressive disorder is now known
as either bipolar I or bipolar II). Due to this change, Diana would no
longer be diagnosed with what Dr. Madden called “bipolar depressive
disorder with delusional episodes,” but rather bipolar I with
psychotic features—bipolar I referring to her disease and psychotic
features referring to added psychotic features she undergoes, such as
the hallucination of her grown son Gabe.
Bipolar I is a mood disorder that is characterized by alternating
periods of depression with episodes of mania. The periods of
depression are known as major depressive episodes. In simpler terms,
mania, or a manic episode, is defined as a distinct period of time of
an abnormally elevated mood that lasts for at least one week and is
present for the majority of the day.[9] In Next to Normal, Diana is
seen during a manic episode when she is awake most of the night and
during “Just Another Day”, when she makes an absurd amount of
sandwiches in order to "get ahead on lunches", and later during
“It's Going to Be Good” when she goes off her medication.[8] Major
depressive episodes are distinct periods of time in which a person
suffers a bout of depression. These usually last at least two weeks
and can cause the individual to have hypersomnia (sleeping too much),
fatigue and loss of energy, and recurring thoughts of death or
suicide. Those with the disorder often have periods of recovery
between mood episodes. Additionally, the specifier “psychotic
features” refers to psychotic symptoms—most often delusions and
hallucinations—that are undergone in conjunction with the manic or
major depressive episodes.[9]
Bipolar I and II are difficult disorders to diagnose and are often
undetected and misdiagnosed, therefore leaving the illness
inadequately treated (Rivas-Vasquez et al., 2002).[10] The average
onset of bipolar I is around 18 years of age, but it is largely based
upon the individual’s development. Additionally, bipolar I is
believed to have some biological/genetic origin.
Treatment of bipolar disorder[edit]
Bipolar I is a disease that has a profound effect on those diagnosed
with the disease and their families. It is not a curable disease, and
it is mostly treated through psychopharmacological, psychiatric, and
biological means.
First, and arguably most popular, are the psychopharmacological
therapies, commonly known as drug therapies. This involves the use of
antipsychotic, anticonvulsant, and antidepressant medications, which
aim to stabilize the patient's mood. Such drugs include Lithium,
Ativan, Valproate, and Valium. This form of treatment is one of the
two forms of therapy most prominently seen throughout Next to Normal.
Although in
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Diana takes a plethora of different drugs
at once, doctors do not always recommend patients taking so many
different medications at once. The song “My Psychopharmacologist and
I” is Diana walking through her drug therapies, with Dr. Fine
adjusting medications to ultimately stabilize her. This form of
treatment is also often accompanied by side effects ranging from
drowsiness to sexual dysfunction, which are all seen at many points
throughout the show.
Another form of treatment for bipolar I is psychotherapy. This is the
type of therapy most often associated with mental illness, where
patients talk to psychologists and aim to work through the
psychological component of their disease. For bipolar I, patients work
to maintain a healthy level of day-to-day functioning and learn to
manage their manic and depressive symptoms. In
Next to Normal

Next to Normal this is
seen through Diana’s sessions with Dr. Madden, her psychologist,
where she talks through her struggle to cope with her loss of Gabe and
memory.
The third form of treatment is biological treatments, such as
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in which seizures are induced by
sending an electric current through the brain. This is the second most
central form of treatment seen throughout Next to Normal. Diana is
convinced to undergo ECT and then loses her memory (including her
memory of Gabe), which she slowly gains back. ECT is not, however, a
first-round option when it comes to the treatment of bipolar disorder.
In fact, ECT is often viewed as a last resort option for treatment,
usually considered for manic patients who are incredibly ill and
extremely treatment-resistant or whose symptoms include very serious
suicidal or psychotic symptoms, or in pregnant women.[11] This
practice holds true in
Next to Normal

Next to Normal where ECT is only brought up as
a treatment option after Diana attempts suicide by cutting her wrists
after being prompted by her hallucination of Gabe to kill herself to
be with him (“I Dreamed a Dance”/”There’s a World”). It was
only after Diana’s condition became resistant to drug therapy and
she became severely suicidal that Dr. Madden suggested Dan talk to her
about using ECT as a treatment option.
Productions[edit]
Development[edit]
The musical began in 1998 as a 10-minute workshop sketch about a woman
undergoing electroshock therapy, and its impact on her family, called
Feeling Electric. Yorkey brought the idea to Kitt while both were at
the BMI Lehman Engel Musical Theatre Workshop. Kitt wrote a rock score
for the short piece, which was highly critical of the medical
treatment. Both Yorkey and Kitt turned to other projects, but they
"kept returning to Feeling Electric", eventually expanding it to a
full-length musical.[12] This had a reading in 2002 at the Village
Theatre in Issaquah, Washington, then at several venues in New York
City,[12] with a cast that included
Norbert Leo Butz

Norbert Leo Butz as Dan, Sherie
Rene Scott as Diana, Benjamin Schrader as Gabe, Anya Singleton as
Natalie and Greg Naughton as Dr. Madden. A subsequent staged reading
was held in late 2002 at the Musical Mondays Theater Lab in New
York.[13]
In 2005 it was workshopped again at
Village Theatre starring Amy
Spanger as Diana, Jason Collins as Dan,
Mary Faber

Mary Faber as Natalie and
Deven May

Deven May as Dr. Madden.[14] In September 2005, the musical ran at the
New York Musical Theatre Festival, with Spanger as Diana, Joe Cassidy
as Dan,
Annaleigh Ashford

Annaleigh Ashford as Natalie, Benjamin Schrader as Gabe and
Anthony Rapp

Anthony Rapp as Dr. Madden. This attracted the attention of producer
David Stone.[15]
Second Stage Theatre

Second Stage Theatre then workshopped the piece in
both 2006 and 2007, featuring Cassidy and then Greg Edelman as Dan,
Alice Ripley

Alice Ripley as Diana,
Mary Faber

Mary Faber and then
Phoebe Strole as Natalie,
Rapp as Dr. Madden/Dr. Fine and
Skylar Astin as Henry.[citation
needed] Meanwhile, at the urging of Stone and director Michael Greif,
who had joined the team, the creators focused the show on the family's
pain rather than on the critique of the medical establishment.[12]
Off-Broadway and
Virginia

Virginia (2008–09)[edit]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal was first produced
Off-Broadway at the Second Stage
Theatre from January 16 through March 16, 2008, directed by Greif,
with
Anthony Rapp

Anthony Rapp as assistant director and musical staging by Sergio
Trujillo. The cast featured Ripley as Diana,
Brian d'Arcy James

Brian d'Arcy James as
Dan,
Aaron Tveit

Aaron Tveit as Gabe,
Jennifer Damiano as Natalie, Adam
Chanler-Berat as Henry and
Asa Somers as Dr. Madden/Dr. Fine. The
surname of the family was changed from Brown to Goodman.[16] Although
the show received mixed reviews,[17][18] at least one reviewer
criticized it for pushing an irresponsible message about the treatment
of bipolar disorder and for failing to strike the proper balance
between pathos and comedy.[19] The critics found the show internally
confused, and the team decided to make major changes in both the book
and score, including eliminating the original title song, "Feeling
Electric". They concentrated the story entirely on the emotions of
Diana and her family as they confront bitter truths.[12]
The re-written musical was given a regional theatre production at the
Arena Stage

Arena Stage (normally in Washington but operating in
Virginia

Virginia during a
renovation of its main facility), from November 21, 2008 through
January 18, 2009, under the direction of Greif.
J. Robert Spencer took
over the role of Dan while
Louis Hobson

Louis Hobson assumed the roles of Dr.
Madden/Dr. Fine; the remaining
Off-Broadway leads returned.[20] The
production received rave reviews, with critics noticing that "comic
songs and glitzy production numbers" had been replaced by songs that
complemented the emotional content of the book.[21][22]
Broadway (2009–11)[edit]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal began previews on Broadway at the
Booth Theatre

Booth Theatre on
March 27, 2009, with an opening night of April 15. The entire cast
from the
Arena Stage

Arena Stage production returned, once again under the
direction of Greif. The musical was originally booked for the larger
Longacre Theatre, but, according to producer David Stone, "When the
Booth Theatre

Booth Theatre became available... we knew it was the right space for
Next to Normal".[23][24]
Reviews were very favorable.
Ben Brantley of The New York Times wrote
that the Broadway production is "A brave, breathtaking musical. It is
something much more than a feel-good musical: it is a feel-everything
musical."[25]
Rolling Stone

Rolling Stone called it "The best new musical of the
season – by a mile."[26]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal was on the Ten Best of
the Year list for 2009 of "Curtain Up".[27]
The show set a new box office record at the
Booth Theatre

Booth Theatre for the week
ending January 3, 2010, grossing $550,409 over nine performances. The
previous record was held by the 2006 production of Brian Friel's Faith
Healer, with a gross of $530,702.[28] One year later, Next to Normal
broke that record again during its final week on Broadway (week ending
January 16, 2011) grossing $552,563 over eight performances.[29] The
producers recouped their initial investment of $4 million a few days
after the production's one-year anniversary on Broadway.[30] At the
end of its run,
Next to Normal

Next to Normal grossed $31,764,486, the most out of
all the shows that have run at the Booth Theatre, earning double the
amount of money as its closest competition, I'm Not Rappaport.[31]
Cast replacements during the run included
Marin Mazzie as Diana, Brian
d'Arcy James[32] and later
Jason Danieley as Dan,
Kyle Dean Massey as
Gabe and
Meghann Fahy

Meghann Fahy as Natalie.[33] John Kenrick wrote in November
2010 that the show "is glowing with breathtaking brilliance as it ends
its Broadway run."[34]
The Broadway production closed on January 16, 2011 after 21 previews
and 733 regular performances.[35][36]
Twitter

Twitter promotional campaign[edit]
In May 2009, about six weeks into the Broadway run, Next to Normal
began publishing an adapted version of the script over Twitter, the
social media network. Over 35 days, the serialized version of the show
was published, a single line from a character at a time. The Twitter
promotion ended the morning of June 7, 2009, the morning of the 2009
Tony Awards.[37] The initiative earned the musical the 2009 OMMA Award
for Best in Show Situation Interactive.[38]
First national tour (2010–11)[edit]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal began its first national tour of North America and
Canada at the
Ahmanson Theatre in Los Angeles, California on November
23, 2010. The tour played in 16 cities in the U.S., ending in Toronto,
Ontario, Canada on July 30, 2011.
Alice Ripley

Alice Ripley reprised her role as
Diana and was joined by
Asa Somers as Dan, Emma Hunton as Natalie,
Curt Hansen as Gabe, Preston K. Sadleir as Henry and Jeremy Kushnier
as Dr. Madden/Dr. Fine.[39][40][41]
International[edit]
Note: The following are independent productions of the musical
produced internationally and in most cases, in that native language.
They also feature the original music, lyrics and book, but changes in
other aspects including direction, set design, costume design and
choreography.
Scandinavia[edit]
The European premiere and the first non-English language production
opened in September 2010 at the Det Norske Teatret in Oslo, Norway
under the direction of Svein Sturla Hungnes. The cast included Heidi
Gjermundsen Broch as Diana and
Charlotte Frogner

Charlotte Frogner as Natalie[42] Broch
received the 2011 Hedda Award (Norway's highest theatrical accolade)
for her portrayal. This production was later re-staged for a Swedish
premiere at the Wermland Opera[43] A Finnish production opened in
December 2010 in Helsinki,
Finland

Finland at Studio Pasila, where it ran for
one year.[44] A Swedish-language production opened in September 2012
at Wasa Teater in Vaasa, Finland. The cast included Anna-Maria
Hallgarn as Diana.[45] Another Finnish-language production was staged
at the
Tampere Workers' Theatre

Tampere Workers' Theatre from October 2012 through February
2013.[46] A Danish production ran from February 2012 until April 2012
at Nørrebro Teater in Copenhagen, Denmark.[47]
A subsequent Swedish production also opened in September 2012 at the
City Theatre of Stockholm, Sweden, with
Lisa Nilsson

Lisa Nilsson as Diana[citation
needed]
Asia[edit]
The Asian premiere was staged at the Carlos P. Romulo Auditorium, RCBC
Plaza, Makati,
Philippines

Philippines in March 2011 and again in October 2011.
The cast included
Markki Stroem as Henry.[48]
Kolleen Park

Kolleen Park played
Diana in the 2011 Korean production[49]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal premiered in
Singapore on September 5, 2013, at the Drama Centre Theatre. The cast
included
Sally Ann Triplett as Diana,
Adrian Pang as Dan, and Nathan
Hartono as Gabe.[50]
Australia[edit]
The Australian premiere of the musical by the
Melbourne

Melbourne Theatre
Company was staged in Melbourne, Australia. Performances began on
April 28, 2012, and ran through June 4 (extended from May 28). The
cast included
Kate Kendall

Kate Kendall as Diana,
Matt Hetherington as Dan and Bert
LaBonte as Dr. Fine/Dr. Madden.[51]
A production in Perth played at the Heath Ledger Theatre from November
5–19, 2015. Produced by Black Swan State Theatre Company, the cast
included
Rachael Beck

Rachael Beck as Diana and Brendan Hanson as Dan.[52]
South America[edit]
A Spanish-language
Peruvian
.jpg/320px-Juan_Manuel_Vargas_(19-02-2011).jpg)
Peruvian premiere of the musical played the Teatro
Marsano, in Lima, Peru. The production ran from May to June 2011. The
cast included
Gisela Ponce de León

Gisela Ponce de León as Natalie[53] The Argentinian
adaptation, titled "Casi Normales", played
Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires from January
3, 2012 to April 5, 2015. The cast included
José Luis Bartolilla

José Luis Bartolilla as
Gabe.[citation needed] A Brazilian production opened in July 2012 at
the Clara Nunes Theatre in Rio de Janeiro, under the title "Quase
Normal", which translates Almost Normal.[54]
Europe[edit]
The Dutch premiere took place on January 16, 2012 at DeLaMar Theater
in Amsterdam. The cast included
Simone Kleinsma

Simone Kleinsma as Diana.[55] A
German-language production opened at the Stadttheater in Fürth,
Bavaria, on October 11, 2013.
Pia Douwes

Pia Douwes starred in the role of Diana
with
Thomas Borchert as Dan.[citation needed] The Italian version of
the show, produced by STM and directed by Marco Iacomelli, opened on
March 7, 2015 at Teatro Coccia in Novara.[56] A Spanish-language
production opened at Teatro Pérez Galdós in Las Palmas, Canary
Islands, on September 14, 2017, with Nina starring as Diana.[57] In
2016, in Portugal, opened a Portuguese-speaking version, with the
title "Quase Normal".
Casts[edit]
Note: Below are the principal casts of all official major productions
of the musical.
Role
Original Broadway Cast
Original US Tour Cast
Diana Goodman
Alice Ripley
Dan Goodman
J. Robert Spencer
Asa Somers
Natalie Goodman
Jennifer Damiano
Emma Hunton
Gabriel "Gabe" Goodman
Aaron Tveit
Curt Hansen
Henry
Adam Chanler-Berat
Preston K. Sadleir
Dr. Fine/Dr. Madden
Louis Hobson
Jeremy Kushnier
Notable Broadway replacements
Gabriel "Gabe" Goodman: Kyle Dean Massey
Dan Goodman: Brian d'Arcy James, Jason Danieley
Diana Goodman: Marin Mazzie
Natalie Goodman: Meghann Fahy
Literary references and allusions[edit]
During Act I, Gabe reads a paperback copy of The Catcher in the Rye.
Kyle Dean Massey said, "I read about a page a night." Salinger's novel
about grieving a loss is read by the character who is the loss. In
Catcher, Holden struggles with the loss of a brother, Allie, who died
of leukemia.
When sorting through a box of items from her son's room, Diana picks
up a music box from the box to reveal a copy of Goodnight Moon
underneath.
Natalie carries a hardcover copy of Flowers for Algernon, which she is
studying in school. Both the novel and "Next to Normal" deal with
psychological experimentation.
Diana alludes to One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, Sylvia Plath, and
Frances Farmer

Frances Farmer in the song "Didn't I See This Movie?".
Diana also reads from Who's Afraid of
Virginia

Virginia Woolf?, a play by
Edward Albee

Edward Albee which deals with marital stress caused by issues similar
to some in "Next to Normal". On her YouTube site,
Alice Ripley

Alice Ripley said
that she uses Albee's play as a Bible, drawing inspiration for Diana.
Pulitzer Prize controversy[edit]
Next to Normal

Next to Normal won the 2010
Pulitzer Prize for Drama

Pulitzer Prize for Drama although it was
not on the shortlist of three candidates submitted to the
twenty-member Pulitzer Prize board by the five-member Drama jury. Jury
chairman and critic
Charles McNulty publicly criticized the Board for
overlooking those three plays, which were not running on Broadway at
the time of the Award, in favor of one that was.[58][59][60]
Major awards and nominations[edit]
Original
Off-Broadway production[edit]
Year
Award Ceremony
Category
Nominee
Result
2008
Drama League Awards
Distinguished Production of a Musical
Nominated
Distinguished Performance Award
Brian d'Arcy James
Nominated
Drama Desk Award
Outstanding Actress in a Musical
Alice Ripley
Nominated
Outstanding Music
Tom Kitt
Nominated
Outer Critics Circle Awards
Outstanding Actress in a Musical
Alice Ripley
Nominated
Outstanding New
Off-Broadway Musical
Nominated
Outstanding New Score
Won
The Lucille Lortel Awards
Outstanding Musical
Nominated
Outstanding Featured Actor
Aaron Tveit
Nominated
Outstanding Lighting Design
Kevin Adams
Nominated
Original
Virginia

Virginia production[edit]
Year
Award Ceremony
Category
Nominee
Result
2009
Helen Hayes Awards
Outstanding Non-Resident Production
Won
Outstanding Lead Actress, Non-Resident Production
Alice Ripley
Won
Outstanding Lead Actor, Non-Resident Production
J. Robert Spencer
Nominated
Outstanding Supporting Performer, Non-Resident Production
Jennifer Damiano
Nominated
Aaron Tveit
Won
Original Broadway production[edit]
Year
Award Ceremony
Category
Nominee
Result
2009
Tony Award
Best Musical
Nominated
Best Book of a Musical
Brian Yorkey
Nominated
Best Original Score
Tom Kitt and Brian Yorkey
Won
Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical
J. Robert Spencer
Nominated
Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical
Alice Ripley
Won
Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical
Jennifer Damiano
Nominated
Best Direction of a Musical
Michael Greif
Nominated
Best Orchestrations
Michael Starobin and Tom Kitt
Won
Best Scenic Design
Mark Wenland
Nominated
Best Lighting Design
Kevin Adams
Nominated
Best Sound Design
Brian Ronan
Nominated
2010
Pulitzer Prize for Drama
Won
References[edit]
^ Hetrick, Adam. "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Wins 2010 Pulitzer Prize for Drama"
Archived April 15, 2010, at the Wayback Machine., Playbill.com, April
12, 2010
^ Peterson, Christopher. "The 50 Best Musicals of the 21st Century...
So Far...", Onstageblog.com, February 9, 2016
^ "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Is Still The Best Musical Of The Last 15 Years".
OnStage Blog. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
^ "Top Ten Original Broadway Musical Soundtracks".
emertainmentmonthly.com. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
^ " 'Next to Normal' Synopsis" mtishows.com, accessed April 28, 2011
^ Tom., Kitt, (2010). Next to normal. Yorkey, Brian., Rapp, Anthony.
(1st ed ed.). New York: Theatre Communications Group.
ISBN 9781559363709. OCLC 456179050. CS1 maint: Extra
text (link)
^ Hersh, Julie. "Is 'Next to Normal' Normal?".
www.psychologytoday.com. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
^ a b Music by Tom Kitt, & Book and Lyrics by Brian Yorkey.
(2009). Next to normal [Feeling Electric]. New York, NY: Musical
Theatre International.
^ a b American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA:
American Psychiatric Publishing.
^ Rivas-Vasquez, R., Johnson, S., Rey, G., & Blais, M. (2002).
"Current treatments for bipolar disorder: A review and update for
psychologists." Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33(2),
212-233.
^ Hirschfeld, Robert, et al. Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of
Patients with Bipolar Disorder Second Edition. Arlington, VA: American
Psychiatric Association, 2002. Print.
^ a b c d Getlin, Josh. "The Ballad of Kitt &Yorkey", Columbia
Magazine, Columbia University, Fall 2010, pp. 22–23
^ Jones, Kenneth. "Feeling Electric, Butz and Larsen Sing
Electro-Shock Therapy Musical Oct. 7" playbill.com, October 4, 2002
^ Jones, Kenneth. "Musical Workshop of Feeling Electric, About a
Frazzled Family, Stars a Bat Boy and a Lois Lane in Seattle",
Playbill.com, June 21, 2005
^ Jones, Kenneth. "Rapp & Spanger
Help Spark Premiere of Feeling
Electric Sept. 14-24 in NYMF", playbill.com, September 14, 2005
^ Hernandez, Ernio. "New Musical
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Closes Off-Broadway
March 16", playbill.com, March 16, 2008
^ Dziemianowicz, Joe. "The high & low notes of a bipolar mom in
next to normal", New York Daily News, February 14, 2008
^ Brantley, Ben. "There, Amid the Music, a Mind Is on the Edge", The
New York Times, February 14, 2008
^ Caggiano, Chris. "Next to Normal: Shaky Show, Irresponsible
Message", Everything I Know I Learned from Musicals site, February 24,
2008
^ Gans, Andrew. "Chanler-Berat, Damiano, Hobson, Tveit Will Join
Ripley and Spencer in Arena's Next to Normal", Playbill.com, October
10, 2008
^ Marks, Peter. "Revised Musical Hits Home: Moving, Beautiful next to
normal", Washington Post, December 12, 2008
^ Blanchard, Jayne. "Next to Terrific at Arena", Washington Times,
December 15, 2008
^ Gans, Andrew. "Next to Normal, with Entire Arena Cast, to Play
Broadway's Longacre", playbill.com, February 17, 2009
^ Gans, Andrew. "next to normal Will Now Play the Booth Theatre",
playbill.com, February 24, 2009
^ Brantley, Ben. "Fragmented Psyches, Uncomfortable Emotions: Sing
Out!", The New York Times, April 16, 2009
^ "The Travers Take: next to normal Proves that Rock is Thriving on
Broadway", rollingstone.com, April 16, 2009
^ Sommer, Elyse and Saltzman, Simon. "The Best (and Worst) of the Year
2009 On and Off Broadway" curtainup.com, retrieved January 9, 2010
^ "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Breaks Box Office Record at the Booth Theatre",
BroadwayWorld, 2010
^ "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Breaks Box Office Record at the Booth Theatre",
BroadwayWorld, 2011
^ Healy, Patrick. "Broadway’s Unlikely Hit Gives Hope to the Bold"
New York Times, March 28, 2010
^ "BOOTH Broadway Grosses". broadwayworld.com. Retrieved November 16,
2017.
^ "
Brian d'Arcy James

Brian d'Arcy James Will Rejoin Normal Cast in May" playbill.com
^ Healy, Patrick. "New Casting Announced for Next to Normal. The New
York Times, June 3, 2010
^ Kenrick, John. Next to Normal. Musicals101.com, November 2010,
accessed January 20, 2011
^ "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal to Close on Broadway January 16, 2011".
BroadwayWorld, November 10, 2010
^ "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal to Close on Broadway Jan 16, 2011" Archived November
13, 2010, at the Wayback Machine., Playbill
^ "It's Broadway Gone Viral, With a Musical Meted Out via Twitter",
The New York Times,
August

August 16, 2009.
^ [1] mediapost.com
^ Hetrick, Adam. "Somers, Hunton, Hansen, Sadleir and Kushnier to Join
Ripley for
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Tour". Playbill.com, October 20, 2010
^ Fullerton, Krissie. "Photo Call:A First Look at the 'Next to Normal'
National Tour with Alice Ripley, Emma Hunton and More" Archived
December 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.. playbill.com, November 29,
2010
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 6, 2011.
Retrieved April 17, 2013.
^ ", Det Norske Teatret
^ "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal - Wermland Opera". www.wermlandopera.com. Retrieved
November 16, 2017.
^ [2]
Helsinki

Helsinki City Theatre
^ http://www.wasateater.fi/information_plays.php?info_id=38
^ "Tampereen Työväen Teatteri - NEXT TO NORMAL". Retrieved November
16, 2017.
^ http://www.nbt.dk/da-DK/Forestillinger/Next+to+Normal.aspx
^ [3]
Philippines

Philippines Broadway World
^ http://www.nexttonormal.co.kr
^ Gioia, Michael (September 9, 2013), "Singapore Premiere of Next to
Normal, Starring West End Actress Sally Ann Triplett, Begins Sept. 5",
Playbill.com, retrieved April 17, 2017
^ "Listing, 'Next to Normal'"
Melbourne

Melbourne Theatre Company, retrieved
December 4, 2010
^ Julia Hern (November 12, 2015). "Next To Normal Black Swan Theatre
Company". Australian Stage. Australian Stage Online. Retrieved
February 2, 2016.
^ Obra musical de Broadway, "Casi normal" se estrena por primera vez
en
Lima

Lima traducida al español
^ [4] Estamos Aqui Produções - Quase Normal
http://estamosaquiproducoes.com.br/quasenormal.html
^ http://www.musicals.nl/nexttonormal
^ Italia, Next to Normal. "
Next to Normal

Next to Normal – Italia".
www.nexttonormal.it. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
^ "Casi normales despega en el Galdós en busca del éxito nacional",
laprovincia.es, September 14, 2017
^ [5]
Los Angeles

Los Angeles Times Archived April 15, 2010, at the Wayback
Machine.
^ Hetrick, Adam."Pulitzer Drama Juror David Rooney Weighs In On Next
to Normal Win" playbill.com, April 13, 2010
^ Simonson, Robert."Playbill.com's Theatre Week In Review, April
10-April 16: The Pulitzer Paradox" playbill.com, April 16, 2010
External links[edit]
Official Website
Next to Normal

Next to Normal at the Internet Broadway Database
Next to Normal

Next to Normal at the Music Theatre International website
Twitter

Twitter Performance Transcript
Lortel Archives listing
Interview with
Brian Yorkey on MyNortwest.com
NY Times Feature: An Out-of-Town Overhaul Helps
Next to Normal

Next to Normal Find
Focus
NY Times Feature: On Broadway, 'Next to Normal' Aims for Truth About
Mental Illness
Daily News Broadway review 2009
Entertainment Weekly Broadway review 2009
Associated Press Broadway review 2009
Washington Post Broadway Review 2009
NY Times off-Broadway review, February 2008
TheatreMania review, February 2008
[6]
German Website
Argentina

Argentina Website
Italian Website
v
t
e
Tony Award

Tony Award for Best Original Score
1947-1975
Street Scene by
Kurt Weill

Kurt Weill (1947)
Kiss Me, Kate

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Cole Porter

Cole Porter (1949)
South Pacific by
Richard Rodgers

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Call Me Madam

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Irving Berlin

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No Strings

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Oliver!

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Fiddler on the Roof

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Man of La Mancha

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Cabaret by
John Kander and
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Hallelujah, Baby!

Hallelujah, Baby! by Jule Styne, Betty Comden, and
Adolph Green

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Company by
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Stephen Sondheim (1971)
Follies

Follies by
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A Little Night Music

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Stephen Sondheim

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Gigi by
Frederick Loewe and
Alan Jay Lerner

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The Wiz
.jpg)
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Charlie Smalls

Charlie Smalls (1975)
1976-2000
A Chorus Line

A Chorus Line by
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Annie by
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Martin Charnin (1977)
On the Twentieth Century by Cy Coleman, Betty Comden, and Adolph Green
(1978)
Sweeney Todd

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Stephen Sondheim

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Evita by
Andrew Lloyd Webber

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Tim Rice

Tim Rice (1980)
Woman of the Year by
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Fred Ebb

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Nine by
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Cats by
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T. S. Eliot

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La Cage aux Folles by
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Big River by
Roger Miller

Roger Miller (1985)
Drood

Drood by
Rupert Holmes (1986)
Les Misérables by Claude-Michel Schönberg, Herbert Kretzmer, and
Alain Boublil (1987)
Into the Woods

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City of Angels by
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The Will Rogers
Follies

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Falsettos by
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William Finn (1992)
Kiss of the Spider Woman by
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Fred Ebb

Fred Ebb / The Who's Tommy
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Passion by
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Sunset Boulevard by Andrew Lloyd Webber, Don Black, and Christopher
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Rent by
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Titanic by
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Ragtime by
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Parade by
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Aida by
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Urinetown

Urinetown by
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Hairspray by
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Avenue Q

Avenue Q by
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The Light in the Piazza by
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Adam Guettel (2005)
The Drowsy Chaperone

The Drowsy Chaperone by
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Spring Awakening by
Duncan Sheik

Duncan Sheik and
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In the Heights

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Lin-Manuel Miranda

Lin-Manuel Miranda (2008)
Next to Normal

Next to Normal by Tom Kitt and
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Memphis by
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The Book of Mormon by Trey Parker,
Robert Lopez

Robert Lopez and
Matt Stone

Matt Stone (2011)
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Kinky Boots by
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Hamilton by
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Lin-Manuel Miranda (2016)
Dear Evan Hansen

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v
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Pulitzer Prize for Drama
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Why Marry? (1918)
Beyond the Horizon (1920)
Miss Lulu Bett (1921)
Anna Christie

Anna Christie (1922)
Icebound (1923)
Hell-Bent Fer Heaven (1924)
They Knew What They Wanted (1925)
Craig's Wife

Craig's Wife (1926)
In Abraham's Bosom (1927)
Strange Interlude

Strange Interlude (1928)
Street Scene (1929)
The Green Pastures

The Green Pastures (1930)
Alison's House

Alison's House (1931)
Of Thee I Sing

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Men in White (1934)
The Old Maid (1935)
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You Can't Take It with You (1937)
Our Town

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Abe Lincoln in Illinois (1939)
The Time of Your Life

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There Shall Be No Night (1941)
The Skin of Our Teeth

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Harvey (1945)
State of the Union (1946)
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Death of a Salesman

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Picnic (1953)
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August Moon (1954)
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof

Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955)
The Diary of Anne Frank (1956)
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Look Homeward, Angel (1958)
J.B. (1959)
Fiorello!

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All the Way Home (1961)
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Buried Child (1979)
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'night, Mother (1983)
Glengarry Glen Ross

Glengarry Glen Ross (1984)
Sunday in the Park with George

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Fences (1987)
Driving Miss Daisy (1988)
The Heidi Chronicles
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Three Tall Women (1994)
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The Young Man from Atlanta (1995)
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Next to Normal

Next to Normal (2010)
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Disgraced (2013)
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