''Micropsalliota'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of small agaric fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus contains about 60 species, most of which are found in tropical areas.

Taxonomy

The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

by Austrian mycologist

Franz Xaver Rudolf von Höhnel Franz Xaver Rudolf von Höhnel (24 September 1852 – 11 November 1920) was an Austrian bryologist, mycologist, and algologist, brother of explorer Ludwig von Höhnel (1857–1942).Ronald E. Coons and Pascal James Imperato, eds. ''Over Lan ...

in 1914 with '' Micropsalliota pseudovolvulata'' as the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

. This species was collected in 1907 by Höhnel in the Bogor Botanical Gardens in

Bogor Bogor ( su, , nl, Buitenzorg) is a city in the West Java province, Indonesia. Located around south of the national capital of Jakarta, Bogor is the 6th largest city in the Jakarta metropolitan area and the 14th overall nationwide.Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

. The generic name refers to the similarity of the slender fruitbodies to those in ''Psalliota'' (a genus that has since been synonymized with '' Agaricus''). Emendations were made to the genus in 1969 by Pegler and Rayner, and then in 1976 by Heinemann.

Molecular phylogenetics Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

has shown that the genus represents a

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

lineage in the family Agaricaceae that is sister to the genus '' Hymenagaricus''.

Description

''Micropsalliota'' fruitbodies have a

ring Ring may refer to: * Ring (jewellery), a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry * To make a sound with a bell, and the sound made by a bell :(hence) to initiate a telephone connection Arts, entertainment and media Film and ...

on the stipe, free

gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

attachment, and brown spores. ''Micropsalliota'' is distinguished from similar genera with dark spore prints by its small- to medium-sized fruit bodies,

ellipsoid An ellipsoid is a surface that may be obtained from a sphere by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation. An ellipsoid is a quadric surface; that is, a surface that may be defined as the ...

to cymbiform (boat-shaped) basidiospores with an apical thickening in the endosporium, cheilocystidia that are often capitate (ending in a distinct compact head) or nearly so, and

pileipellis The pileipellis is the uppermost layer of hyphae in the pileus of a fungal fruit body In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which flowe ...

hyphae encrusted with a

pigment A pigment is a colored material that is completely or nearly insoluble in water. In contrast, dyes are typically soluble, at least at some stage in their use. Generally dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic compo ...

that turns olive to green after application of NH₄OH.

Ecology and distribution

About 40 ''Micropsalliota'' species have been described by Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann and colleagues from the tropics of Africa, America, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Eleven new species from Thailand were added in 2010. '' Micropsalliota pseudoglobocystis'' is the first species of the genus reported from China. A new species '' Micropsalliota albofelina'' was described in 2021, it is also the first record of this genus in Vietnam.

Species

, Index Fungorum accepts 70 species of ''Micropsalliota'': *'' M. alba'' Heinem. & Little Flower 1983 –

Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South ...

*'' M. albella'' M.Q. He & R.L. Zhao 2020 –

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

*'' M. albofelina'' D.D. Ivanova & O.V. Morozova 2021 –

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

*'' M. albonuda'' (Beeli) Heinem. 1988 –

*'' M. albosericea'' Heinem. & Leelav. 1991 *'' M. allantoidea'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D.Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. arginea'' (Berk. & Broome) Pegler & R.W.Rayner 1969 *'' M. arginophaea'' Heinem. 1980 – Peninsular Malaysia *'' M. atropurpurea'' Heinem. 1988 –

Zaire Zaire (, ), officially the Republic of Zaire (french: République du Zaïre, link=no, ), was a Congolese state from 1971 to 1997 in Central Africa that was previously and is now again known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Zaire was, ...

*'' M. avellanea'' Heinem. & Little Flower 1983 –

*'' M. bambusicola'' (Heinem.) Heinem. 1988 *'' M. bifida'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D.Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. bogoriensis'' Heinem. 1983 –

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List ...

*'' M. brunneola'' Heinem. 1980 – Peninsular Malaysia *'' M. brunneosperma'' (Singer) Pegler 1969 *'' M. brunneosquamata'' Linda J. Chen, R.L. Zhao & K.D. Hyde 2016 –

*'' M. campestroides'' (Heinem. & Gooss.-Font.) Heinem. 1988 *'' M. cardinalis'' Heinem. 1989 –

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

*'' M. cephalocystis'' (Heinem.) Heinem. 1977 *'' M. cinnamomeopallida'' Singer 1982 – Costa Rica *'' M. cornuta'' Har. Takah. & Taneyama 2016 – Japan *'' M. cortinata'' (Heinem.) Heinem. 1988 *'' M. cymbispora'' Heinem. & Little Flower 1983 –

*'' M. cystidiosa'' Natarajan & Manjula 1982 –

Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a States and union territories of India, state in southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of India ...

*'' M. delicatula'' R.L. Zhao, J.X. Li & M.Q. He 2021 –

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

*'' M. dentatomarginata'' R.L. Zhao, J.X. Li & M.Q. He 2021 –

*'' M. digitatocystis'' R.L. Zhao, J.X. Li & M.Q. He 2021 –

*'' M. elata'' Heinem. 1988 –

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 � ...

*'' M. endophaea'' Heinem. 1988 – Senegal *'' M. erythrospila'' (Berk. & Broome) Pegler 1986 *'' M. furfuracea'' R.L. Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D. Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. geesterani'' (Bas & Heinem.) R.L. Zhao & L.A. Parra 2015 – Netherlands *'' M. globocystis'' Heinem. 1980 –

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

*'' M. gracilis'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. heinemaniana'' Guzm.-Dáv. 1992 – Mexico *'' M. heterocystis'' Heinem. 1988 –

*'' M. ianthina'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. laeta'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. lateritia'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. luteotacta'' Heinem. 1988 –

*'' M. lutescens'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. malabarensis'' Heinem. & Little Flower 1983 –

*'' M. megarubescens'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D.Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. megaspora'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D.Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. ochracea'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. pholiotinoides'' Heinem. 1983 –

*'' M. pilicystis'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. pleurocystidiata'' Heinem. & Little Flower 1983 –

*'' M. plumaria'' (Berk. & Broome) Höhn. 1914 *'' M. pruinosa'' Heinem. 1989 –

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...

*'' M. pseudoarginea'' Heinem. 1982 –

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ...

*'' M. pseudoglobocystis'' Li Wei & R.L. Zhao 2015 –

*'' M. pseudovolvulata'' Höhn. 1914 *'' M. pudica'' Heinem. & Leelav. 1991 –

*'' M. pulverulenta'' Heinem. & Leelav. 1991 –

*'' M. purpurea'' Singer 1977 –

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

*'' M. purpureobrunneola'' M.Q. He & R.L. Zhao 2020 –

*'' M. pusillissima'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D.Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. repanda'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. roseipes'' Heinem. 1980 – Peninsular Malaysia *'' M. roseovinaceus'' Pegler 1982 –

Martinique Martinique ( , ; gcf, label=Martinican Creole, Matinik or ; Kalinago: or ) is an island and an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France. An integral part of the French Republic, Martinique is located in th ...

*'' M. rubrobrunnescens'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D.Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. subalba'' Heinem. & Little Flower 1983 –

*'' M. subalpina'' Guzm.-Dáv. & Heinem. 1994 –

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

*'' M. subarginea'' Heinem. 1980 –

*'' M. suthepensis'' R.L.Zhao, Desjardin, Soytong & K.D. Hyde 2010 –

*'' M. ventricocystidiata'' Al-Sadi & S. Hussain 2022 –

Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...

*'' M. vinaceoumbrina'' ( A.H.Sm.) Heinem. 1977 –

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

*'' M. violaceosquamulosa'' (R.E.D.Baker & W.T.Dale) Heinem. 1980 –

Trinidad-Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean. Consisting of the main islands Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous much List of islands of Trinidad and Tobago, small ...

*'' M. xanthorubescens'' Heinem. 1980 –

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5226843 Agaricaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Franz Xaver Rudolf von Höhnel Taxa described in 1914

Taxonomy

Description

Ecology and distribution

Species

See also

References