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Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal () is a
city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
and a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
in the northern
Porto district The District of Porto ( pt, Distrito do Porto ) is located on the north-west coast of Portugal. The district capital is the city of Porto, the second largest city in the country. It is bordered by the Aveiro and Viseu districts to the south, Br ...
of
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
, bordered in the south by the city of
Porto Porto or Oporto () is the second-largest city in Portugal, the capital of the Porto District, and one of the Iberian Peninsula's major urban areas. Porto city proper, which is the entire municipality of Porto, is small compared to its metropol ...
(8 km from the city centre). The population in 2011 was 175,478, and covered an area of approximately . The urban centre, the city proper, had a population of 45,703 in 2001.


History

The oldest vestige of human settlement in this territory extend back thousands of years and include instruments and Paleolithic artefacts, collected along the old beaches (specifically Boa Nova and Almeiriga). The settlement of the land began sometime 5000 years ago, during the Neolithic, as evidenced from various funeral monuments and dolmens sporadically situated in Lavra, Perafita, Leça do Balio, Santa Cruz do Bispo, Guifões and São Gens. At the end of the
Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...
, much like most of the northwest peninsula, settlements expanded into proto-urban agglomerations at high altitudes ( castros), associated with a culture with specific characteristics that predominated until the 1st century. Until today there still exist vestiges of castros dotting the landscapes, such as the assets collected from the
Castro of Monte Castelo The Castro of Monte Castelo ( pt, Povoado fortificado do Monte Castelo de Guifões/Monte Castelo) is a Calcolithic fortified settlement, situated in the civil parish of Custóias, Leça do Balio e Guifões, in the municipality of Matosinhos in th ...
in Guifões. The natural conditions and navigability of the Leça River estuary assisted maritime transport, that depended on the transport of a diverse flow of merchandise from throughout Imperial Roman. Here, the products were offloaded and redistributed to other sites within the region. Its position within the
Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterr ...
provoked profound changes to the territory's structure and settlement. The opening of new links (like the road between Cale and Bracara Augusta) and the construction of bridges (such as the Ponte da Pedra) resulted from a general policy of development, communication and commerce, associated with Pax Romana. The estuary of Leça and the area of Lavra, therefore, became the most Romanized localities, as seen by the establishment of a villa and the constitution of production structures associated with sal production. When Portugal was established in the 12th century, a settlement in the territory had already existed for a time, ''Vila de Matesinum''. One of the first official records referring to ''Matusiny'' dates from 1258, the result of ''Inquiries'' of
Afonso III Afonso III (; rare English alternatives: ''Alphonzo'' or ''Alphonse''), or ''Affonso'' (Archaic Portuguese), ''Alfonso'' or ''Alphonso'' (Portuguese-Galician) or ''Alphonsus'' (Latin), the Boulonnais ( Port. ''o Bolonhês''), King of Portugal ( ...
. At that time Matosinhos was a humble location, part of the parish of Sandim. During the late Middle Ages, the territory was marked by the foundation of monasteries and convents, such as the Monastery of Bouças. This monastery, which had its origin in the 10th century, supported the growth of the settlement, and eventually became the administrative centre of the ''Julgado de Bouças'' in the 13th century: the basis of the municipality of Matosinhos. Meanwhile, another medieval monument, the Monastery of Leça do Balio, whose origin extended back to the 10th century, later (12th century) became the primitive seat of the ''Ordem Militar dos Cavaleiros Hospitalários'' (the Portuguese version of the
Sovereign Military Order of Malta The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta ( it, Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta; ...
). The Order of Malt also maintained several other properties, that included monasteries of Lavra, Moreira and Aldoar. By the end of the 14th century, the small community of Franciscan friars installed themselves along the beach of Boa Nova, founding the Oratory of São Clement das Penhas. This small convent would give rise to the Convent of Conceição de Leça, which was founded in the 15th century, where today the municipal park of Quinta da Conceição exists. In the 16th century, Matosinhos received a
foral 200px, Foral of Castro Verde - Portugal The word ''foral'' ({{IPA-pt, fuˈɾaɫ, eu, plural: ''forais'') is a noun derived from the Portuguese word ''foro'', ultimately from Latin ''forum'', equivalent to Spanish ''fuero'', Galician '' foro'', ...
(''charter'') attributed to King D.
Manuel I Manuel I may refer to: * Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (1143–1180) *Manuel I of Trebizond, Emperor of Trebizond (1228–1263) *Manuel I of Portugal Manuel I (; 31 May 146913 December 1521), known as the Fortunate ( pt, O Venturoso), wa ...
in 1514, which made it assume an important position as an agro-producer and seat of many property-owners. Matosinhos, therefore, became a principal poles and suppliers of Porto, at a time when the parishes of Ramalde, Foz and Aldoar were part of the territory. During this time the actual Church of Matosinhos was built, where the image of the ''Bom Jesus'' (''Good Jesus'') was deposited at the Monastery of Bouças. The growing importance of the cult resulted in a profound remodelling of the temple, under the direction of Italian architect Nicolau Nasoni, who had worked in estates of Chantre (Leça do Balio) and Bispo (Santa Cruz do Bispo), as well as the Chapel of São Francisco (in the Quinta do Conceição). The growth of the cult, the devotion to the ''Senhor de Bouças'' in Brazil, and expropriation of gold from the New World, was a determinant of the ambitious project to remodel the Monastery. As a port city, the settlement ideally placed to take advantage of the traffic during the Age of Discoveries, when many emigrants were looking to purchase land in the territory of Brazil. Many emigrants from Matosinhos, during the 17th century, founded the ''Confraria do São Salvador de Bouças'' and organized the cult of Bom Jesus, whose devotion grew with its invocation by emigrants travelling the ocean. In 1832, the army under the command of D. Pedro disembarked in Arnosa-Pampelido, and definitively implanted the flag of Liberalism in Portugal. At the same time, a fishing community had already begun to turn the coast of Matosinhos into an important centre for conserve industry, establishing a principal motor for development in the municipality, that would drive the economy until the late 20th century. In 1833, during the administrative reforms, the municipality of Bouças was created, with its seat (after 1836) in the locality of Senhora da Hora, which was elevated to the category of Vila de Bouças. It remained the seat until 1853, when the town of Matosinhos was established, which included the civil parishes of Matosinhos and Leça da Palmeira, which became the municipal seat. The reorganization resulted in the reorganization of Bouças, which began to incorporate parishes of Lavra and Perafita, which had been part of Maia, as well as the parishes of Leça do Balio, Custóias and São Mamede de Infesta (which were, until 1834, part of the old Couto de Leça). In 1895, when they constructed the circulation roadway, the parishes of Aldoar, Ramalde and Nevogilde were de-annexed and integrated into the municipality of Porto. In 1909, the municipality solicited authorization to change its name to the municipality of Matosinhos, as locality of Bouças had lost its significance: it was ratified on 6 May 1909. The need to establish a sheltered port, resulted in the construction of the Port of Leixões at the end of the 19th century. This marked the beginning of the process of the city's transformation, based on the sardine fishery and conserve industry, and the elevation of the town to the status of city on 28 May 1984. In 2005, the municipality funded a public sculpture to be built in the Waterfront Plaza of Matosinhos. The resulting sculpture is entitled '' She Changes'' by American artist, Janet Echelman, and spans the height of 50x150x150 meters.


Geography

Administratively, the municipality is divided into 4 civil parishes (''
freguesias ''Freguesia'' (), usually translated as "parish" or "civil parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal, as defined by the 1976 Constitution. It is also the designation for local government jurisdictions in the former Port ...
''): *
Custóias, Leça do Balio e Guifões Custóias, Leça do Balio e Guifões is a civil parish in the municipality of Matosinhos Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal () is a city and a municipality in the northern Porto district of Portugal, bordered in the south by the city of Porto (8 k ...
* Matosinhos e Leça da Palmeira * Perafita, Lavra e Santa Cruz do Bispo * São Mamede de Infesta e Senhora da Hora


Twin towns

*
Vilagarcía de Arousa Vilagarcía de Arousa is a Spanish municipality in the Province of Pontevedra, Galicia. As of 2014 it has a population of 37,712, being ninth largest town in Galicia. History The present site of Vilagarcía has been occupied since prehistori ...
*
Sintra Sintra (, ) is a town and municipality in the Greater Lisbon region of Portugal, located on the Portuguese Riviera. The population of the municipality in 2011 was 377,835, in an area of . Sintra is one of the most urbanized and densely populated ...


Economy

The international Leixões Cruise Terminal and a large oil refinery of
Galp Energia Galp Energia, SGPS, S.A. is a Portuguese multinational energy corporation, headquartered in Lisbon, Portugal. Galp consists of more than 100 companies engaged in every aspect of the oil and natural gas supply, hydrocarbon exploration and product ...
, are located in Leça da Palmeira, Matosinhos.
EFACEC EFACEC Power Solutions SGPS, S.A. is a Portuguese energy, engineering and mobility company, comprising several subsidiaries in different international markets. Efacec group is one of the largest manufacturers in the fast-charging infrastructure ...
, a leading Portuguese company in the electromechanics industry, is headquartered in the city. Pedro Hispano Hospital (after Pedro Hispano), is one of the most comprehensive state-run hospitals of
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
, and serves the entire
Porto Metropolitan Area The Porto Metropolitan Area ( pt, Área Metropolitana do Porto; abbreviated as AMP) is a metropolitan area in northern Portugal centered on the City of Porto, Portugal's second largest city.Fernanda Paula Oliveira (2009), The metropolitan area, ...
. In 2020, Galp Energia announced that the oil refinery would cease functions starting in 2021, deciding to focus all operations in the oil refinery in
Sines Sines () is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The municipality, divided into two parishes, has around 14,214 inhabitants (2021) in an area of . Sines holds an important oil refinery and several petrochemical industries. It is also a popular ...
instead.


Sport


Football

Matosinhos municipality is home to Portuguese top flight club
Leixões Sport Club The Port of Leixões ( pt, Porto de Leixões, ) is one of Portugal's major seaports, located 4 km north of the mouth of the Douro River, in Matosinhos municipality, near the city of Porto Porto or Oporto () is the second-largest city i ...
as well as Leça Futebol Clube and other minor clubs that include: *
Leixões Sport Club The Port of Leixões ( pt, Porto de Leixões, ) is one of Portugal's major seaports, located 4 km north of the mouth of the Douro River, in Matosinhos municipality, near the city of Porto Porto or Oporto () is the second-largest city i ...
* Leça Futebol Clube * Sport Clube Senhora da Hora * Futebol Clube de Infesta *
Padroense Padroense Futebol Clube is a Portuguese football club that competes in the Portuguese Second Division. They were founded in 1922. History The first field of Padroense F. C. was the "Saibreira" before moving to the "stray field" (what is now Hi ...
* Futebol Clube de Perafita * Juventude de Matosinhos * Seara Futebol Clube


Futsal

* ARCD Junqueira


Motorsport

*
World Rally Championship The World Rally Championship (abbreviated as WRC) is the highest level of global competition in the motorsport discipline of rallying, owned and governed by the FIA. There are separate championships for drivers, co-drivers, manufacturers and t ...
Rally de Portugal The Rally de Portugal (formerly: Rallye de Portugal) is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Cham ...
an annual event held in May over 3 days with special stages contested in the surrounding areas including Guimarães Castle, Lousada rallycross circuit, Viano do Castelo, Braga, Cabreira Mountains and Fafe.


Notable people

*
Passos Manuel Manuel da Silva Passos (5 January 1801 – 16 January 1862) was a Portuguese jurist and politician, one of the most notable personalities of 19th-century Portuguese Liberalism. He is more commonly referred to as Passos Manuel, due to the way he ...
(1801–1862) a jurist and politician, a notable Portuguese Liberal * José Domingues dos Santos (1885–1958) a Portuguese politician, professor and journalist * António Soares Carneiro (1928–2014), a general in the Portuguese Army and governor of
Portuguese Angola Portuguese Angola refers to Angola during the historic period when it was a territory under Portuguese rule in southwestern Africa. In the same context, it was known until 1951 as Portuguese West Africa (officially the State of West Africa). I ...
* Isabel Meyrelles (born 1929) a Portuguese surrealist sculptor and poet *
Álvaro Siza Vieira Álvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira (born 25 June 1933) is a Portuguese architect, and architectural educator. He is internationally known as Álvaro Siza () and in Portugal as Siza Vieira (). Early life and education Siza was born in Matosi ...
(born 1933), architect and architectural educator *
Fernando Nogueira Joaquim Fernando Nogueira (born 26 March 1950), commonly known just as Fernando Nogueira, is a Portuguese people, Portuguese lawyer and former politician. Life before politics Fernando Nogueira was born in Matosinhos in 26 March 1950. He grad ...
(born 1950) a Portuguese lawyer and former politician * Luísa Salgueiro (born 1968) a Portuguese politician, legal consultant and mayor of Matosinhos


Sport

*
João Fonseca João Francisco Fonseca dos Santos (born 19 February 1948), known as Fonseca, is a retired Portuguese footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Honours Benfica *Primeira Divisão: 1970–71, 1971–72 *Taça de Portugal: 1969–70, 1971–72 ...
(born 1948), known as ''Fonseca'', a retired football goalkeeper with 390 club caps * Tamagnini Manuel Gomes Batista (born 1949), known as ''Nené'' a retired footballer with 421 club caps and 41 for
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
*
Chico Faria Francisco Delfim Dias Faria (9 October 1949 – 10 June 2004), commonly known as Chico Faria, was a Portuguese footballer who played as a forward. Club career Born in Matosinhos, Faria spent his first 15 seasons as a professional in the Primeira ...
(1949–2004), a Portuguese footballer with 334 club caps * Lúcio Pereira (born 1954), a Portuguese retired football goalkeeper with 466 club caps * Sérgio Nunes (born 1974) a Portuguese retired footballer with 465 club caps * Pedro Soeiro (born 1975) a Portuguese former professional road cyclist * Carlos Fangueiro (born 1976), known as ''Fangueiro,'' a retired footballer with 373 club caps *
Hélder Sousa Hélder Bruno Macedo Sousa (born 13 October 1977) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Club career Born in Matosinhos, Sousa started his career with amateurs Padroense F.C. in 1997. In his country, in which ...
(born 1977) a Portuguese former footballer with 583 club caps * Filipe Anunciação (born 1979) a football manager and former player with 362 club caps * Nuno Santos (born 1980) a former footballer with 389 club caps * Sérgio André Oliveira da Silva (born 1980), known as ''Pedras,'' a former footballer with 506 club caps * Hugo Moreira (born 1982) a Portuguese retired footballer with 357 club caps * Bruno China (born 1982), a Portuguese former footballer with 366 club caps * André Simões (born 1989) a Portuguese footballer with over 350 club caps * Fábio Cecílio (born 1993) a Portuguese futsal player with 100 caps for
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...


See also

*
Leixões The Port of Leixões ( pt, Porto de Leixões, ) is one of Portugal's major seaports, located 4 km north of the mouth of the Douro River, in Matosinhos municipality, near the city of Porto Porto or Oporto () is the second-largest city i ...


References

{{Authority control Municipalities of Porto District Cities in Portugal Port cities and towns in Portugal Populated places in Porto District