Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
, he was born in
Valence, Drôme
Valence (, ; oc, Valença ) is a commune in southeastern France, the prefecture of the Drôme department and within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is situated on the left bank of the Rhône, about south of Lyon, along the railway line ...
.
After the death of his father and brother in 1823, he inherited the title of ''
count
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...
'' and ''peer of France'', and was one of the youngest peers to sit in the Chamber of Peers.
Minister of Louis-Philippe
He joined promptly the
July Monarchy
The July Monarchy (french: Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (french: Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 26 July 1830, with the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 F ...
during the
July Revolution
The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution (french: révolution de Juillet), Second French Revolution, or ("Three Glorious ays), was a second French Revolution after the first in 1789. It led to the overthrow of King ...
of 1830 and was called to the
Ministry of the Interior
An interior ministry (sometimes called a ministry of internal affairs or ministry of home affairs) is a government department that is responsible for internal affairs.
Lists of current ministries of internal affairs
Named "ministry"
* Ministr ...
in November, where his main task was to prevent any troubles during the trial of the former ministers of King
Charles X
Charles X (born Charles Philippe, Count of Artois; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836) was King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830. An uncle of the uncrowned Louis XVII and younger brother to reigning kings Louis XVI and Lou ...
.
He was alternatively Minister of the Interior and Minister of Education in the different cabinets of the July Monarchy.
In 1832 he founded the Conférence Molé, a debating society that became a training ground for future political leaders.
After 1839, he became Intendant of the Civil List, and created the
Museum
A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make thes ...
of Versailles in the walls of the Palace of Versailles, in order to reconcile France with the
Ancien Régime
''Ancien'' may refer to
* the French word for "ancient, old"
** Société des anciens textes français
* the French for "former, senior"
** Virelai ancien
** Ancien Régime
** Ancien Régime in France
''Ancien'' may refer to
* the French word for ...
.
A supporter of the July Monarchy
After the
1848 Revolution
The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Springtime of the Peoples or the Springtime of Nations, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe starting in 1848. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in Europe ...
, he defended the action of the July Monarchy, and, as intimate friend of the former royal family, acted as executor of the will of King Louis-Philippe.
Rally to Republic
After the fall of the
Second French Empire
The Second French Empire (; officially the French Empire, ), was the 18-year Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 14 January 1852 to 27 October 1870, between the Second and the Third Republic of France.
Historians in the 1930 ...
in 1870, he rallied the "conservative republican" ideas of his friend Adolphe Thiers, and thus considerably eased the vote by the centre right of the constitutional laws of 1875, establishing a Republic in France.
He held a seat in the
French Senate
The Senate (french: Sénat, ) is the upper house of the French Parliament, with the lower house being the National Assembly, the two houses constituting the legislature of France. The French Senate is made up of 348 senators (''sénateurs'' a ...
from 1879 to his death.
Family
He married on 26 January 1828 Clémentine Françoise Paillard-Duclère ( Laval, 21 February 1806 - Paris, 3 March 1882), and had five daughters:
* Marie Adélaïde Bachasson de Montalivet (5 November 1828 - 14 April 1880), married in Saint-Bouize on 17 August 1847 Laurent François, Marquis de Gouvion-Saint-Cyr (30 December 1815 - 30 January 1904), son of Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion-Saint-Cyr (
Toul
Toul () is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
It is a sub-prefecture of the department.
Geography
Toul is between Commercy and Nancy, and the river Moselle and Canal de la Marne au Rhin.
Climate
Toul ...
, 13 May 1764 -
Hyères
Hyères (), Provençal Occitan: ''Ieras'' in classical norm, or ''Iero'' in Mistralian norm) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.
The old town lies from the sea clustered arou ...
, 17 March 1830) and wife Anne ''de'' Gouvion (Toul, 2 November 1775 - Paris, 18 June 1844), and had issue
* Adélaïde Joséphine Bachasson de Montalivet (Paris, 16 December 1830 - Paris, 14 December 1920), married in Saint-Bouize on 6 November 1850 Antoine Achille Masson, dit ''de Montalivet'' (
Meurthe-et-Moselle
Meurthe-et-Moselle () is a department in the Grand Est region of France, named after the rivers Meurthe and Moselle. It had a population of 733,760 in 2019.Nancy, 27 June 1815 - Villedieu, 31 October 1882), son of Georges Masson,
vice mayor
The deputy mayor (also known as vice mayor, assistant mayor, or mayor ''pro tem'') is an elective or appointive office of the second-ranking official that is present in many, but not all, local governments.
Duties and functions
Many elected depu ...
of Nancy in 1814, and wife Claire Felaize, and had issue
* Camille Bachasson de Montalivet (1 September 1832 -
Menton
Menton (; , written ''Menton'' in classical norm or ''Mentan'' in Mistralian norm; it, Mentone ) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on the French Riviera, close to the Italian border.
Me ...
, 4 February 1887), married on 28 November 1849 Théodore du Moncel (1821–1884) and had female issue
* Marie Amélie Bachasson de Montalivet (10 January 1837 - 15 March 1899), married in Paris on 16 May 1861 François Gustave Adolphe Guyot de Villeneuve (25 October 1825 - Paris, 22 March 1899), son of François-Pierre Guyot de Villeneuve and wife Joséphine Victoire Pelon, and had issue
* Marie Adélaïde Marthe Bachasson de Montalivet (Paris, 9 October 1844 - Paris, 2 August 1914), married in Saint-Bouize on 19 June 1865 Georges Marie René Picot (Paris, 24 December 1838 -
Allevard
Allevard (; also known as Allevard-les-Bains) is a commune in the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Allevardins'' or ''Allevardines'' or alternatively as '' ...
, Isère, 16 August 1909), son of Charles Picot (
Orléans
Orléans (;"Orleans" (US) and Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Valéry René Marie Georges Giscard d'Estaing (, , ; 2 February 19262 December 2020), also known as Giscard or VGE, was a French politician who served as President of France from 1974 to 1981.
After serving as Minister of Finance under prime ...
*There is a ''Camille de Montalivet Lane'' in Valence, Drôme.
*The
rose
A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be ...
"''Comte de Montalivet''" was also named after him. This rose, of the Hybrid Perpetual class, was created in 1846 from the seeds of William Jesse, and its colours marry red and purple.