Mark Warschauer
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Mark Warschauer is a professor in the Department of Education and the Department of Informatics at the University of California, Irvine, director of UCI's Ph.D. in Education program and founding director of UCI's Digital Learning Lab.
University of California at Irvine
He is the author or editor of eight books and more than 100 scholarly papers on topics related to technology use for language and literacy development, education, and
social inclusion Social exclusion or social marginalisation is the social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society. It is a term that has been used widely in Europe and was first used in France in the late 20th century. It is used across discipline ...
.


Intellectual contribution

Warschauer's contributions fall in four areas: *technology and language learning, *technology and literacy, *the
digital divide The digital divide is the unequal access to digital technology, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and the internet. The digital divide creates a division and inequality around access to information and resources. In the Information Age in ...
, and *laptops in education. Warschauer is among education researchers that recognize the potential of technologies, such as laptops, for fostering increased learning opportunities for
second language A person's second language, or L2, is a language that is not the native language (first language or L1) of the speaker, but is learned later. A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a fo ...
learners. His several books on the topic, including ''Internet for English Teaching'', ''Virtual Connections'', ''Telecollaboration in Foreign Language Learning'', and ''Network-Based Language Teaching'', attracted the attention of second and
foreign language A foreign language is a language that is not an official language of, nor typically spoken in, a given country, and that native speakers from that country must usually acquire through conscious learning - be this through language lessons at schoo ...
teachers and researchers around the world. In these books, Warschauer critiqued previous views of
computer-assisted language learning Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), British, or Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI)/Computer-Aided Language Instruction (CALI), American, is briefly defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as "the search for and study of applicat ...
, which often emphasized tutorials of grammar and vocabulary, and instead articulated a vision of
global citizenship Global citizenship is the idea that one's identity transcends geography or political borders and that responsibilities or rights are derived from membership in a broader class: "humanity". This does not mean that such a person denounces or waives ...
and agency through online communication and research. Warschauer expanded this vision with his book ''Electronic Literacy: Language, Culture, and Power in Online Education''. This book focused on two themes that became prominent in his career: the particular skills and competency involved in becoming literate in the digital age, and the impact of this
digital literacy Digital literacy refers to an individual's ability to find, evaluate, and communicate information through typing and other media on various digital platforms. It is evaluated by an individual's grammar, composition, typing skills and ability to pro ...
on overcoming the marginalization of culturally and linguistically diverse learners. Warschauer's book ''Technology and Social Inclusion: Rethinking the Digital Divide'', and his numerous articles on the same topic, including one in ''
Scientific American ''Scientific American'', informally abbreviated ''SciAm'' or sometimes ''SA'', is an American popular science magazine. Many famous scientists, including Albert Einstein and Nikola Tesla, have contributed articles to it. In print since 1845, it i ...
'', critiqued the traditional view of the digital divide as focused narrowly on hardware and software, and instead illustrated how
social relation A social relation or also described as a social interaction or social experience is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences, and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more individuals ...
s,
human capital Human capital is a concept used by social scientists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. Human capital has a substantial ...
, culture and language were all critical for shaping people's access to and use of new
information and communication technologies Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, ...
. The book was based on Warschauer's research on technology, education, and social development projects in
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
,
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
,
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
,
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
, and the
U.S. The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
In this book, Warschauer explains three models of information and communications technology (ICT) and the digital divide: devices, conduits, and literacy. While approaching ICT access in terms of access to devices and conduits might be the simplest way to understand the digital divide, these models of access neglect the technological aptitude necessary to effectively utilize ICTs. Instead, he argues for the third model of access, literacy, as the superior model. Warschauer's most recent area of research focuses on
laptop A laptop, laptop computer, or notebook computer is a small, portable personal computer (PC) with a screen and alphanumeric keyboard. Laptops typically have a clam shell form factor with the screen mounted on the inside of the upper li ...
computers in education. His book, ''Laptops and Literacy: Learning in the Wireless Classroom'' analyzes how students learn to read, write, think, conduct research, and produce media in the laptop classroom. Though mostly a positive account, it includes enough negative examples to illustrate a point central to all of Warschauer's work, that of technology as intellectual and social amplifier. In this case, laptops were demonstrated to help good schools become better, but only exacerbated problems in troubled schools.


Background

Warschauer served as a faculty researcher and doctoral candidate at the
University of Hawaii A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...
, where he published several of his early books and also organized two seminal international symposia on technology and
language learning Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language (in other words, gain the ability to be aware of language and to understand it), as well as to produce and use words and sentences to ...
. While at the University of Hawaii, Warschauer also founded and edited ''Language Learning & Technology'', one of the first
peer-reviewed Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review ...
academic journal An academic journal or scholarly journal is a periodical publication in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as permanent and transparent forums for the presentation, scrutiny, and d ...
s published on the World Wide Web. Following Hawaii, Warschauer took a position as director of
educational technology Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech, or edtech) is the combined use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning. When referred to with its abbreviation, edtech, it often refer ...
on a large
language education Language education – the process and practice of teaching a second or foreign language – is primarily a branch of applied linguistics, but can be an interdisciplinary field. There are four main learning categories for language education: ...
US aid project in Egypt. Warschauer's work in Egypt, which he wrote about extensively, also served as a basis for his publications on the digital divide. Since 2001, Warschauer has been a professor in the Department of Education and the Department of Informatics at the
University of California, Irvine The University of California, Irvine (UCI or UC Irvine) is a public land-grant research university in Irvine, California. One of the ten campuses of the University of California system, UCI offers 87 undergraduate degrees and 129 graduate and pr ...
, where he also contributes to the Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations and the Ada Byron Research Center for Diversity in Computing and Information Technology. Warschauer is the founding director of the PhD in Education program at UC Irvine, one of the few
graduate programs Postgraduate or graduate education refers to academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications pursued by post-secondary students who have earned an undergraduate ( bachelor's) degree. The organization and stru ...
in the U.S. that includes a specialization in Language, Literacy, and Technology.


Recognition

Warschauer was the recipient in 1998 of the Educational Testing Service/TOEFL Policy Council Award for outstanding international contribution in the field of technology and language learning. His books have been translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Portuguese and have been critically acclaimed in fields as diverse as education,
media studies Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media Studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but mostly ...
,
cultural studies Cultural studies is an interdisciplinary field that examines the political dynamics of contemporary culture (including popular culture) and its historical foundations. Cultural studies researchers generally investigate how cultural practices re ...
, communication, sociology, and information studies. He has been a
keynote speaker A keynote in public speaking is a talk that establishes a main underlying theme. In corporate or commercial settings, greater importance is attached to the delivery of a keynote speech or keynote address. The keynote establishes the framework f ...
at conferences in education and
applied linguistics Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field which identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems. Some of the academic fields related to applied linguistics are education, psychology, communication rese ...
throughout the world.


Personal life


Loss of his son

On August 8, 2003, the body of Mark Warschauer's first son Michael was discovered in the backseat of Warschauer's car in the UC Irvine
parking lot A parking lot (American English) or car park (British English), also known as a car lot, is a cleared area intended for parking vehicles. The term usually refers to an area dedicated only for parking, with a durable or semi-durable surface ...
. Only 10 months old, "Mikey" had died of
heat stroke Heat stroke or heatstroke, also known as sun stroke, is a severe heat illness that results in a body temperature greater than , along with red skin, headache, dizziness, and confusion. Sweating is generally present in exertional heatstroke, ...
. Warschauer told police he had intended to take Mikey to a
day care center Child care, otherwise known as day care, is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time, whose ages range from two weeks of age to 18 years. Although most parents spend a significant amount of time caring for their child(r ...
before going to his office, but had simply forgotten the boy was with him. Two months later prosecutors announced that they would not pursue criminal charges against Mark Warschauer, ruling the boy's death accidental. Following the tragic event, Warschauer became active in groups educating parents about children's safety in and around cars. He and his wife went on to have three subsequent children.


Sample publications


Authored and co-authored books

* Warschauer, M. (2006). ''Laptops and literacy.'' New York: Teachers College Press. * Warschauer, M. (2003). ''Technology and social inclusion: Rethinking the digital divide.'' Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. * Warschauer, M. (1999). ''Electronic literacies: Language, culture, and power in online education.'' Mahwah, New Jersey:
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals. Its parts include Taylor & Francis, Routledge, F1000 Research or Dovepress. It is a division of Informa plc, a United Ki ...
. * Warschauer, M. (1995). ''E-mail for English teaching: Bringing the Internet and computer learning networks into the language classroom.''
Alexandria, Virginia Alexandria is an independent city (United States), independent city in the northern region of the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. It lies on the western bank of the Potomac River approximately south of Downto ...
: TESOL Publications. * Warschauer, M, Shetzer, H. & Meloni, C. (2000). ''Internet for English Teaching''. Alexandria, VA: TESOL Publications.


Edited and co-edited books

* Thomas, M., Reinders, H., & Warschauer, M.(Eds.). (2012). ''Contemporary computer-assisted language learning.'' London & New York: Bloomsbury Contemporary Linguistics Series. * Warschauer, M., & Kern, R. (Eds.). (2000). ''Network-based language teaching: Concepts and practice.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Applied Linguistics Series. * Warschauer, M. (Ed.) (1996) ''Telecollaboration in foreign language learning.'' Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center. * Warschauer, M. (Ed.) (1995).''Virtual connections: Online activities and projects for networking language learners.'' Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center


References


External links


Professor page at University of California, Irvine







''Language Learning & Technology'' journal
{{DEFAULTSORT:Warschauer, Mark University of California, Irvine faculty Living people Year of birth missing (living people) University of Hawaiʻi alumni