Mae Hong Son province (

Burmese Burmese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Myanmar, a country in Southeast Asia * Burmese people * Burmese language * Burmese alphabet * Burmese cuisine * Burmese culture Animals * Burmese cat * Burmese chicken * Burmese (hor ...

: မဲဟောင်ဆောင်; th, แม่ฮ่องสอน, ; Northern Thai: ; Shan: ; formerly called ''Mae Rong Son''), also spelled ''Maehongson'', ''Mae Hong Sorn'' or ''Maehongsorn'', is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (''changwat''). It lies in upper northern Thailand and is the westernmost province. Neighboring provinces are (clockwise from north) Shan State of

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

Chiang Mai Chiang Mai (, from th, เชียงใหม่ , nod, , เจียงใหม่ ), sometimes written as Chiengmai or Chiangmai, is the largest city in northern Thailand, the capital of Chiang Mai province and the second largest city in ...

and

Tak Tak or TAK may refer to: Places * Dağdöşü or Tak, Azerbaijan, a village * Taq, Iran or Tak, a village * Tak province, Thailand ** Tak, Thailand, capital of the province Entertainment *'' Total Annihilation: Kingdoms'' or ''TA:K'' * Tak, ...

. To the west, the province borders

Kayin State Kayin State ( my, ကရင်ပြည်နယ်, ; kjp, ဖၠုံခါန်ႋကၞင့်, italics=no; ksw, ကညီကီၢ်စဲၣ်, ), also known by the endonyms Kawthoolei and Karen State, is a state of Myanmar. The ca ...

and Kayah State of

. Mae Hong Son's nickname is "the city of three mists". It is hemmed in by the high mountain ranges of the Shan Hills and is the most mountainous province in Thailand, occupying . The province is often covered with mist. Mae Hong Son town was originally established in the early 19th century as an elephant training camp as ordered by the then King of Chiang Mai. , Mae Hong Son was the poorest province in Thailand.

Geography

Location

Mae Hong Son province is approximately north of Bangkok by road. To the north and west it connects to a total of three states in the Union of Burma, namely the southern portion of Shan State, Kayah State, and Kawthoolei State, via the Dawna Range, and the Salween and Moei Rivers. These formations serve as natural boundaries between the countries. To the south, it borders the district of Tha Song Yang and Tak, via the rivers Yuam and Ngao, which serve as a provincial boundary. To the east it borders the districts of Wiang Haeng, Chiang Dao, Mae Taeng, Mae Chaem,

Hot Hot or the acronym HOT may refer to: Food and drink *Pungency, in food, a spicy or hot quality *Hot, a wine tasting descriptor Places * Hot district, a district of Chiang Mai province, Thailand **Hot subdistrict, a sub-district of Hot Distric ...

and Omkoi in

province, via the

central Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

and east sections of the Thanon Thongchai mountain ranges, which serve as a boundary between the two provinces. Every district in Mae Hong Son province shares a common border, measuring approximately 483 kilometres in total length, with

. The common border consists of approximately of land boundary and of river boundary (not counting the Salween, , and Moei, ).

Topography

Most of the areas of Mae Hong Son province are the complex mountain ranges of the

Thai highlands The Thai highlands or Hills of northern Thailand is a mountainous natural region in the north of Thailand. Its mountain ranges are part of the system of hills extending through Laos, Burma, and China and linking to the Himalayas, of which they may ...

, parts of which are still covered with

rainforest Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforest can be classified as tropical rainforest or temperate rainfores ...

. The total forest area is or 85.5 percent of provincial area. The Daen Lao Range, in the northernmost portion of the province, marks the northern boundary between Thailand and Burma, while the Dawna Range in the west serves as the boundary between Thailand and Burma. The

Thanon Thongchai Range The Thanon Thong Chai Range ( th, ทิวเขาถนนธงชัย, , formerly Thanon Range; Burmese ''Tanen Taunggyi'') is a mountain range in northern Thailand. Its tallest peak is Doi Inthanon, the highest point in Thailand. Most ...

in the east of the province serves as the boundary between the provinces of Mae Hong Son and

. The highest point of the province is Doi Mae Ya (ยอดเขาแม่ยะ), in the Pai District in the province's northeast, at elevation.

Climate

Mae Hong Son province has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen climate classification category Aw). Winters are dry and warm. Temperatures rise until May.

Monsoon season The wet season (sometimes called the Rainy season) is the time of year when most of a region's average annual rainfall occurs. It is the time of year where the majority of a country's or region's annual precipitation occurs. Generally, the sea ...

runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. Temperature statistics: Its maximum temperature is 44.6 °C (112.3 °F) on 28 April 2016 and the lowest temperature is 3.9 °C (39.0 °F). The highest average temperature is 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) on 25 December 1999 and the minimum average temperature is 18.0 °C (64.4 °F). The average relative humidity is 96.99% and the minimum relative humidity is 20%. Annual rainfall is 1,064.9 millimeters and on 23 April 1968 was for 24 hour the rainfall 130.4 mm. The number of rainy days was 130 days for a year.
Weather box Mae Hong Son and Weather box Mae Sariang

National parks

Namtok Mae Surin, Sunset in the mountains, Thailand

Huai Nam Dang National Park, Trees in the mountains, Thailand

There are four national parks and two national parks (preparation), with total area of , make up region 16 Mae Sariang branch of Thailand's protected areas. *

Huai Nam Dang National Park Huai Nam Dang National Park ( th, อุทยานแห่งชาติห้วยน้ำดัง) is a national park in Thailand's Mae Hong Son and Chiang Mai Provinces. This mountainous park features scenic mountain viewpoints, waterfal ...

, *

Salawin National Park The Salawin National Park or Salween National Park( th, อุทยานแห่งชาติสาละวิน) is located in Mae Sariang and Sop Moei Districts in Mae Hong Son Province, northern Thailand, adjacent to its border with Bu ...

, * Tham Pla-Namtok Phu Suea National park, *

Namtok Mae Surin National Park Namtok Mae Surin National Park ( th, อุทยานแห่งชาติน้ำตกแม่สุรินทร์) is a national park in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. Home to mountains, waterfalls and caves, the park is best known ...

, * Mae Ngao National park (preparation), *

Mae Sariang Mational Park Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

(preparation),

Wildlife sanctuaries

There are six sanctuaries, with a total area of . * Lum Nam Pai Wildlife Sanctuary, *

Salawin Wildlife Sanctuary The Salawin Wildlife Sanctuary ( th, เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าสาละวิน) is located in Thailand near the border with Burma and includes the Thai section of the Salween River. Founded in 1978, it ...

, *

Mae Lao-Mae Sae Wildlife Sanctuary Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

, * Doi Wiang La Wildlife Sanctuary, *

Mae Yuam Fang Khwa Wildlife Sanctuary Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

, * San Pan Daen Wildlife Sanctuary,

Water resources

There are 31 water reservoirs with total capacity of 12.31 million cubic meters: * Huai So Tue, capacity 1,880,000 m³ * Huai Fai Kho, capacity 950,000 m³ * Huai Mae Hong Son, cap. 734,000 m³. * Huai Mae Salap, cap. 700,000 m³. There are 617 groundwater wells, which are used to mine groundwater for general use.

Mineral resources

Among the minerals that have been discovered in the province are limestone, coal,

lignite Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35%, and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat ...

, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten, antimony,

fluoride Fluoride (). According to this source, is a possible pronunciation in British English. is an inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine, with the chemical formula (also written ), whose salts are typically white or colorless. Fluoride salts typ ...

, and feldspar. The mineral area is approximately 2,440 km² (19% of provincial area).

History

Mae Hong Son province was formerly part of Mawkmai State, one of the Shan States which had been founded in 1767 by Hsai Khiao, from a noble family of

. As a result of the Anglo-Siamese Boundary Commission of 1892–1893, Mae Hong Son District was ceded to Siam, but the adjacent Möngmaü and Mehsakun trans- Salween Districts also claimed by Siam (as territories on the eastern side of the Salween River), were kept as part of

British Burma British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...

.Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 236.
/ref>

Environment

The

Thai government The Government of Thailand, or formally the Royal Thai Government ( Abrv: RTG; th, รัฐบาลไทย, , ), is the unitary government of the Kingdom of Thailand. The country emerged as a modern nation state after the foundation of t ...

, to solve persistent water shortages in the central region, have proposed a 70.7 billion baht plan to divert some 1.8 billion m³ of water annually from the Yuam River to the perennially underfilled

Bhumibol Dam The Bhumibol Dam (''formerly known as the'' Yanhi Dam) is a concrete arch dam on the Ping River, a tributary of the Chao Phraya River, in Sam Ngao District of Tak Province, Thailand. It is about north of Bangkok and was built for the purposes of ...

. Several of the province's districts would impacted. As part of the plan, the

Royal Irrigation Department Royal may refer to: People * Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name * A member of a royal family Places United States * Royal, Arkansas, an unincorporated community * Royal, Illinois, a village * Royal, Iowa, a cit ...

(RID), would build 69 metre high dam with a storage capacity of 68.7 million m³ constructed on 2,075 rai of forest land, together with a pumping station on a separate 55 rai plot and a 61.5 kilometre-long tunnel passing through 14 villages. The inhabitants of the area—primarily Karen tribes people—largely oppose the project. In December 2019, the RID submitted a second

environmental impact assessment Environmental Impact assessment (EIA) is the assessment of the environmental consequences of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action. In this context, the term "environmental imp ...

(EIA) to the Office of the Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP). ONEP rejected the EIA for the second time due to concerns about forest destruction, tunnel rock waste, and compensation issues.

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

The province is divided into seven districts (''

amphoe An amphoe (sometimes also ''amphur'', th, อำเภอ, )—usually translated as "district"—is the second level administrative subdivision of Thailand. Groups of ''amphoe'' or districts make up the provinces, and are analogous to countie ...

s''). These are further divided into 45 subdistricts ('' tambons'') and 415 villages (''

muban Muban ( th, หมู่บ้าน; , ) is the lowest administrative sub-division of Thailand. Usually translated as 'village' and sometimes as 'hamlet', they are a subdivision of a tambon (subdistrict). , there were 74,944 administrative mu ...

s'').

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are: one

Mae Hong Son Provincial Administration Organisation Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

(') and seven municipal (''

thesaban Thesaban ( th, เทศบาล, , ) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' system. The mu ...

'') areas in the province.

Mae Hong Son Mae Hong Son ( th, แม่ฮ่องสอน, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in north-west Thailand, capital of Mae Hong Son Province. It is in the Shan Hills, near the border with Burma along the banks of the River Pai. As of 2018, the to ...

has town (''

thesaban mueang Thesaban ( th, เทศบาล, , ) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' system. The mu ...

'') status. There are a further six subdistrict municipalities ('' thesaban tambon''). The non-municipal areas are administered by 42 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations (SAO) (''ongkan borihan suan tambon'').

Demographics

Ethnic diversity

Shan people is the largest population group in the province. They migrated from Shan State in

. Further there are seven

hill tribes Hill people, also referred to as mountain people, is a general term for people who live in the hills and mountains. This includes all rugged land above and all land (including plateaus) above elevation. The climate is generally harsh, with s ...

which consists of 63% of the provincial population:

Karen Karen may refer to: * Karen (name), a given name and surname * Karen (slang), a term and meme for a demanding woman displaying certain behaviors People * Karen people, an ethnic group in Myanmar and Thailand ** Karen languages or Karenic l ...

, Lahu, Lisu,

Lua Lua or LUA may refer to: Science and technology * Lua (programming language) * Latvia University of Agriculture * Last universal ancestor, in evolution Ethnicity and language * Lua people, of Laos * Lawa people, of Thailand sometimes referred t ...

Miao Miao may refer to: * Miao people, linguistically and culturally related group of people, recognized as such by the government of the People's Republic of China * Miao script or Pollard script, writing system used for Miao languages * Miao (Unicode ...

, Chinese Yunnan and Pa-O people. The Karen are not a single group, but rather a mix of closely related tribes. Among the smallest of the Karen tribes in Thailand are

Kayan Lahwi The Kayan are a sub-group of Red Karen (Karenni people), Tibeto-Burman ethnic minority of Myanmar (Burma). The Kayan consists of the following groups: Kayan Lahwi (also called Padaung, ), Kayan Ka Khaung (Gekho), Kayan Lahta, Kayan Ka Ngan. Ka ...

. This group's women are recognized by the large brass rings they wear around their necks. Population density is 22 persons per km², the lowest of all provinces.

Language

Tai Yai The Shan people ( shn, တႆး; , my, ရှမ်းလူမျိုး; ), also known as the Tai Long, or Tai Yai are a Tai ethnic group of Southeast Asia. The Shan are the biggest minority of Burma (Myanmar) and primarily live in th ...

people speak their own language. The written language with round alphabets is like Mon and Burmese script. *

and Chinese Haw have their own spoken and written language. * Lahu, Lisu and Lua people have their own spoken language, but their written language uses the Latin alphabet.

Religion

Most inhabitants, 77.5%, are

Buddhists Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

, followed by Christians at 20.9%, and

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

s at 0.5%. About 1.1% believe in animism and other religions.

Symbols

The provincial seal, ''Rup chang nai thong nam'' (รูปช้างในท้องน้ำ), meaning 'image of an elephant in a body of water', is a reference to the training of wild elephants for battle and various types of animal labour. "Rup chang nai thong nam" was selected as the provincial seal because it refers to Mae Hong Son's founding, which began with Lord Kaeo of Ma being sent to capture elephants for the Lord of Chiang Mai (1825–1846). Once in Mae Hong Son, he gathered the scattered Shan settlements to establish two main villages, Ban Pang Mu and Ban Mae Hong Son, that would be ruled by their elected leaders. The provincial flag is horizontally divided in dark brown/blue/dark brown (1:3:1) with the image of the provincial seal in the middle of the flag. The provincial tree is the '' Millettia brandisiana'' ( th, กระพี้จั่น; ). The provincial flower is the Tree marigold ( th, บัวตอง; ). The provincial animal is the Blyth's river frog ( th, กบภูเขา; ). The official provincial slogan promoted by the Thai government is หมอกสามฤดู กองมูเสียดฟ้า ป่าเขียวขจี ผู้คนดี ประเพณีงาม ลือนามถิ่นบัวตอง () 'Mists throughout the three seasons, the Kong Mu (monastery) that scrapes the sky, verdant forests, gentle people, beautiful customs; renowned land of marigolds'.

Infrastructure

Education

Higher educational institutions are: *

Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Chiang Mai Rajabhat University (CMRU; th, มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเชียงใหม่) is a university in the north of Thailand under the Royal Thai Ministry of Education. The university was founded in 1924 as an ...

, Mae Hong Son campus. * Mae Hong Son Community College. * Nawamintrachinaracha Industrial and Community Education College. *

Mae Sariang Industrial and Community Education College. Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

There are eight secondary schools in Mae Hong Son.

Healthcare

Every district has a hospital. There are also 72 subdistrict health-promoting hospitals. There are 63 public health centers, 10 insect-induced disease control centers, 15 malaria clinics, 21 community malaria centers and one health service ( Thanyarak Mae Hong Son hospital).

Transportation

Roads

There are four major roads in the province: * Hot District of

to Mae Hong Son, distance 345 km * Mae Tang District of

province to Mae Hong Son, distance 246 km. * Mae Sot District of

Tak province Tak ( th, ตาก, , Burmese: တာ့ခ် pronounced ak is one of Thailand's seventy-seven provinces (''changwat'') and lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, ...

to Mae Hong Son. * Mae Chaem District of

province to Khun Yuam District of Mae Hong Son province, distance 90 km.

Public transport

Two bus companies (

Prem Pracha Transport Co Prem may refer to: People Given name * Prem (film director) (born 1978), film director and actor in Kannada films * Prem Bahadur Kansakar (1918–1991), Nepalese politician and activist * Prem Bahadur Singh, Nepalese politician * Prem Bhatia (d ...

and Sombat Tour Co.) operate four bus services: * Bangkok -

, distance is 928 km, travel time is 17 hours. *

- Mae Sariang - Mae Hong Son, distance is 359 km, travel time is eight hours. *

( Pai District) - Mae Hong Son, distance is 250 km, travel time is six hours. * Mae Sot District of

- Mae Sariang District of Mae Hong Son.

Air transport

Bangkok Airways Bangkok Airways Public Company Limited ( th, บางกอกแอร์เวย์ส) is a regional airline based in Bangkok, Thailand. It operates scheduled services to destinations in Thailand, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Laos, ...

provides daily flights between

Chiang Mai International Airport Chiang Mai International Airport ( th, ท่าอากาศยานเชียงใหม่, ) is an international airport serving Chiang Mai, the capital city of Chiang Mai Province in Thailand. It is a major gateway to Northern Thail ...

and

Mae Hong Son Airport Mae Hong Son Airport ( th, ท่าอากาศยานแม่ฮ่องสอน) is an airport in the town of Mae Hong Son in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the ...

. From 2011 until April 2017

Kan Air Kannithi Aviation Co. Ltd, operated as Kan Air, was a small airline with its hub at Chiang Mai Airport. Kan Air operated charter and scheduled services in Thailand. As of September 2016, Kan Air flew nine routes. Flights from Chiang Mai were ...

provided flights between

and

Pai Airport Pai Airport ( th, ท่าอากาศยานปาย) is an airport serving Pai, a town in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. Originally constructed during World War II by the Japanese Imperial Army, the airport was deserted after the en ...

Electricity

Mae Hong Son is supplied with electricity from power stations in

province (Districts Chom Thong,

and Mae Taeng), along with eight power plants in Mae Hong Son province: * Pha Bong Dam Hydro Plant *

Mae Sa Nga Dam Hydro Plant Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

Mae Sariang Hydro Plant Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. History ...

Mae Hong Son Diesel Power Plant Mae is an American rock band that formed in Norfolk, Virginia in 2001. The band's name is an acronym for "Multi-sensory Aesthetic Experience", based on a course taken by drummer Jacob Marshall while a student at Old Dominion University. Histor ...

* Pha Bong Solar Power Plant In 2015, 83% of households were electrified and the remainder were without electricity.

Communications

As of 2018 there were 65,153 households, of which 2.1% used telephones, 15.2% used

computer A computer is a machine that can be programmed to Execution (computing), carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation) automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as C ...

s with no internet connection, and 45.5% used

s with internet. As of 2018 there were 182,615 people aged six years and older, of which 22.2% used

s, 38.9% the internet, and 81.3% used mobile phones.

Human achievement index 2017

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the

Human achievement index Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

(HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.

Events and festivals

* ''Poi Sang Long'' Procession (งานประเพณีปอยส่างลอง) *

Chong Phara Procession Chong may refer to: * Chong (surname), the romanization of several Chinese and Korean surnames * Chong or Pear people of Thailand and Cambodia ** Chong language * Chong or Limbu people of eastern Nepal, Bhutan, and northeastern India * ancient ...

(งานประเพณีจองพารา) * Bua Tong Blossom Festival (งานวันดอกบัวตองบาน) *Loi Krathong Festival (ประเพณีลอยกระทง หรือ งานเหลินสิบสอง) *

Small World Festival Small may refer to: Science and technology * SMALL, an ALGOL-like programming language * Small (anatomy), the lumbar region of the back * ''Small'' (journal), a nano-science publication * <small>, an HTML element that defines smaller text ...

http://www.sawadee.com/thailand/festivals/festival12.html

Gallery

File:Mae Hong Son, Stupas, Thailand.jpg, Stupas in Mae Hong Son File:Mae Hong Son, Thailand.jpg, Mae Hong Son countryside File:Mae Hong Son, Forest on the hills, Thailand.jpg, Hills near border with Myanmar File:Mae Hong Son, Forested hills 2, Thailand.jpg, Mountains near border with Myanmar File:Mae Hong Son, Hills at twilight, Thailand.jpg, Mountains around Mae Hong Son at twilight File:Huai Nam Dang National Park, Mountains, Thailand.jpg, Huai Nam Dang National Park file:จุดพักชมวิว ทางเข้าดอยดำ เวียงแหง - panoramio.jpg, Entrance of Doi Kham-Wiang Haeng viewpoint, the border of Mae Hong Son and Chiang Mai file:Chong Klang and Chong Kham Temple.jpg, Reflections on the water surface of the lake in front of Wat Chong Klang, a temple in Mueang Mae Hong Son image:สะพานสมัยสงครามโลกที่ ปาย - panoramio.jpg, Historic Pai Memorial Bridge in Pai file:Pai Fishing (23853434966).jpg,

Pai River The Pai River (, ; ) is a river that originates in the mountains of the Daen Lao Range, Pai District, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. The river flows first in a north-south direction and then in an east-west direction down to Mueang Mae Hong S ...

File:Pai countryside 2, Thailand.jpg, Pai countryside image:อ.ปางมะพ้ายามเช้า - panoramio - ----=UT=----.jpg, Morning atmosphere in Pang Mapha Image:Salawin river at Mae Sam Laep.jpg, Salween River at

Mae Sam Laep Mae Sam Laep ( th, แม่สามแลบ) is a village and ''tambon'' (sub-district) of Sop Moei District, in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 9,802. The ''tambon'' contains 10 villages. Mae Sam Laep lies on t ...

, Sop Moei District. Left is Myanmar. image:Longneckkaren.jpg,

Long Neck Karen The Kayan are a sub-group of Red Karen (Karenni people), Tibeto-Burman ethnic minority of Myanmar (Burma). The Kayan consists of the following groups: Kayan Lahwi (also called Padaung, ), Kayan Ka Khaung (Gekho), Kayan Lahta, Kayan Ka Ngan. Ka ...

, a tribal group who living on the hills on the Mae Hong Son-Myanmar border.

References

External links

*
Tourist Authority of Thailand official website pageProvincial symbols
{{Authority control Provinces of Thailand