''Maackia amurensis'', commonly known as the Amur maackia, is a species of tree in the family
that can grow 15 metres (49 ft) tall. The species epithet and common names are from the
Amur River
The Amur (russian: река́ Аму́р, ), or Heilong Jiang (, "Black Dragon River", ), is the world's List of longest rivers, tenth longest river, forming the border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China, Northeastern China (Inne ...
region, where the tree originated; it occurs in northeastern China, Korea, and Russia.
Only reaching about 15 feet (4.6 m) tall in the American midwest, Amur maackia tolerates severe dryness, cold and heavy soils. More interesting than the summer flowers are the unfolding buds in spring which appear silvery and showy like flowers with frost on them.
Named for Karlovich Maack (
Richard Maack
Richard Otto Maack (also Richard Karlovic Maak, Russian: Ричард Карлович Маак; 4 September 1825 – 25 November 1886) was a 19th-century Russian naturalist, geographer, and anthropologist. He is most known for his explorat ...
), a 19th-century Siberian explorer who discovered the tree in the Amur River region on the border between Siberia and China.
Chemistry
The isoflavones
daidzein
Daidzein (7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one) is a naturally occurring compound found exclusively in soybeans and other legumes and structurally belongs to a class of compounds known as isoflavones. Daidzein and other isoflavones ar ...
,
retusin,
genistein
Genistein (C15H10O5) is a naturally occurring compound that structurally belongs to a class of compounds known as isoflavones. It is described as an angiogenesis inhibitor and a phytoestrogen.
It was first isolated in 1899 from the dyer's bro ...
and
formononetin
Formononetin is an O-methylated isoflavone.
Natural occurrences
Formononetin is found in a number of plants and herbs such as red clover. Along with other phytoestrogens, it predominantly occurs in leguminous plants and Fabaceae, particularly i ...
and the pterocarpans
maackiain and
medicarpin can be found in ''M. amurensis'' cell cultures.
The
quinolizidine alkaloids
Quinolizidine alkaloids are natural products that have a quinolizidine structure; this includes the lupine alkaloids.
Occurrence
Quinolizidine alkaloids can be found in the plant family of legumes, especially in papilionaceous plants. While t ...
tetrahydroleontidine and 11-epileontidane have been isolated from the species (their only natural source so far).
[https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ejoc.202100270
‘Diastereodivergent Synthesis of the Quinolizidine-Indolizidine Alkaloids of the Leontidine/Camoensine Family’
Authors: Stefan Wagner, Susanne Sigl, Melanie Schenkl, Prof. Dr. Matthias Breuning
First published: 16 April 2021
https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202100270
In memoriam of Professor Siegfried Hünig.]
Gallery
File:Addisonia (PLATE 087) (8592456132).jpg, Botanical plate from the journal Addisonia showing anatomical detail of ssp. buergeri
File:Табличка «Маакия амурская» на участке 30 Бирюлёвского дендрария.jpg, Information board (showing range of species) in Moscow’s Biryulevsky arboretum
File:Maachia amurensis0.jpg, Young Spring shoots
File:Maackia amurensis 2016-05-09 9624.jpg, Closeup of young leaves, showing silvery pubescence
File:Maackia amurensis JPG1Fe2.jpg, Mature pinnate leaf and bumblebee-pollinated inflorescence
File:Maackia amurensis JPG1Fl.jpg, Close-up of bumblebee pollinating flowers
File:Maackia amurensis - Amur maackia - 52273115577.jpg, Mature shoots bearing upright inflorescences
File:Maackia amurensis - Amur maackia - 52273113922.jpg, Upright inflorescence, street tree, Bozeman, Montana, USA
File:Maackia amurensis - Amur maackia - 52274582105.jpg, Flowers in extreme closeup
File:Maackia amurensis - Amur maackia - 52274345044.jpg, Ripe seed pods
File:Maackia amurensis2.jpg, Diamond-patterned bark of mature tree trunk
References
External links
''Maackia amurensis''Diagnostic photographs and information,
Morton Arboretum
The Morton Arboretum, in Lisle, Illinois, United States, is a public garden, and outdoor museum with a library, herbarium, and program in tree research including the Center for Tree Science. Its grounds, covering 1,700 acres (6.9 square kilometres ...
acc. 147-71-5
Sophoreae
Trees of China
Trees of Korea
Trees of Russia
Plants described in 1856
{{Sophoreae-stub