This is a list of sovereign states in the 1840s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1840 and 31 December 1849. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and

recognition Recognition may refer to: *Award, something given in recognition of an achievement Machine learning *Pattern recognition, a branch of machine learning which encompasses the meanings below Biometric * Recognition of human individuals, or biomet ...

of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, entities which were '' de facto'' sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states.

Sovereign states

A

* Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan * – Principality of Andorra *

Anhalt-Bernburg Anhalt-Bernburg was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire and a duchy of the German Confederation ruled by the House of Ascania with its residence at Bernburg in present-day Saxony-Anhalt. It emerged as a subdivision from the Principality of ...

– Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg * Anhalt-Dessau – Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau *

Anhalt-Köthen Anhalt-Köthen was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire ruled by the House of Ascania. It was created in 1396 when the Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst was partitioned between Anhalt-Dessau and Anhalt-Köthen. The first creation lasted until 1562 ...

– Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen *

Ankole Ankole (Nkore language, Runyankore: ''Nkore''), was a traditional Bantu peoples, Bantu kingdom in Uganda and lasted from the 15th century until 1967. The kingdom was located in south-western Uganda, east of Lake Edward. History Ankole Realm, K ...

– Kingdom of Ankole * Annam – Empire of Annam * Anziku – Anziku Kingdom * – Argentine Confederation * Aro – Aro Confederacy * – Asante Union * – Austrian Empire

B

* Baden – Grand Duchy of Baden * Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi * Bambara – Bambara Empire *

Baol The Kingdom of Baol or Bawol in central Senegal was one of the kingdoms that arose from the split-up of the Empire of Jolof (Diolof) in 1555. The ruler ( Teigne or Teen) reigned from a capital in Diourbel. The Kingdom encompassed a strip of l ...

– Kingdom of Baol *

Basutoland Basutoland was a British Crown colony that existed from 1884 to 1966 in present-day Lesotho. Though the Basotho (then known as Basuto) and their territory had been under British control starting in 1868 (and ruled by Cape Colony from 1871), th ...

– Kingdom of Basutoland * – Kingdom of Bavaria * – Kingdom of Belgium * – Benin Empire * Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan *

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

– Bolivian Republic * Bornu – Bornu Empire * – Empire of Brazil *

Bremen Bremen (Low German also: ''Breem'' or ''Bräm''), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (german: Stadtgemeinde Bremen, ), is the capital of the German state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (''Freie Hansestadt Bremen''), a two-city-state consis ...

– Free City of Bremen * – Sultanate of Brunei * – Duchy of Brunswick *

Buganda Buganda is a Bantu peoples, Bantu kingdom within Uganda. The kingdom of the Baganda, Baganda people, Buganda is the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day East Africa, consisting of Buganda's Districts of Uganda, Central Region, inclu ...

– Kingdom of Buganda *

Bukhara Bukhara (Uzbek language, Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region. People have inhabited the region around Bukhara ...

– Emirate of Bukhara * Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara * Burma – Kingdom of Burma *

Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...

– Kingdom of Burundi

C

* Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia * Cayor – Kingdom of Cayor * – Republic of Chile *

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

– Great Qing Empire * Comancheria *

Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...

– Republic of Costa Rica

D

Dahomey The Kingdom of Dahomey () was a West African kingdom located within present-day Benin that existed from approximately 1600 until 1904. Dahomey developed on the Abomey Plateau amongst the Fon people in the early 17th century and became a region ...

– Kingdom of Dahomey * – Kingdom of Denmark * Flag of the Dominican Republic

→ Dominican Republic

E

* Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador *

El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...

– El Salvador * – Ethiopian Empire

F

Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...

– Tui Viti * → → France ** Kingdom of France (to February 23, 1848) **

French Republic France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

(from February 23, 1848) * Frankfurt – Free City of Frankfurt * Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon * Futa Toro – Imamate of Futa Toro

G

* Garo – Kingdom of Garo * Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma * Greece – Kingdom of Greece *

Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...

– Republic of Guatemala * Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma

H

* → Haiti – Republic of Haiti ** Republic of Haiti ** Empire of Haiti * – Free city of Hamburg * Hanover – Kingdom of Hanover * → – Kingdom of Hawaii * Hesse-Darmstadt – Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine * Hesse-Homburg – Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg * Hesse-Kassel – Electorate of Hesse * Hohenzollern-Hechingen – Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen * Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen – Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen * Holstein – Duchy of Holstein * – Republic of Honduras *

Hyderabad State Hyderabad State () was a princely state located in the south-central Deccan region of India with its capital at the city of Hyderabad. It is now divided into the present-day state of Telangana, the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka, and t ...

– State of Hyderabad

J

* Jabal Shammar – Emirate of Jabal Shammar * Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero *

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

– Tokugawa shogunate *

Jimma Jimma () is the largest city in southwestern Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is a special zone of the Oromia Region and is surrounded by Jimma Zone. It has a latitude and longitude of . Prior to the 2007 census, Jimma was reorganized administrative ...

– Kingdom of Jimma * Johor – Johor Sultanate * – Jolof Kingdom

K

Kaabu The Kaabu Empire (1537–1867), also written Gabu, Ngabou, and N'Gabu, was an empire in the Senegambia region centered within modern northeastern Guinea-Bissau, larger parts of today's Gambia; extending into Koussanar, Koumpentoum, regions ...

– Kingdom of Kaabu * Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa * Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom *

Khasso Khasso or Xaaso was a West African kingdom of the 17th to 19th centuries, occupying territory in what is today Senegal and the Kayes Region of Mali. Over two thousand years ago, it was part of Serer territory. From the 17th to 19th centuries, its c ...

– Kingdom of Khasso *

Khiva Khiva ( uz, Xiva/, خىۋا; fa, خیوه, ; alternative or historical names include ''Kheeva'', ''Khorasam'', ''Khoresm'', ''Khwarezm'', ''Khwarizm'', ''Khwarazm'', ''Chorezm'', ar, خوارزم and fa, خوارزم) is a district-level city ...

– Khanate of Khiva *

Kokand Kokand ( uz, Qo‘qon/Қўқон/قوقان, ; russian: Кока́нд; fa, خوقند, Xuqand; Chagatai: خوقند, ''Xuqand''; ky, Кокон, Kokon; tg, Хӯқанд, Xöqand) is a city in Fergana Region in eastern Uzbekistan, at the sou ...

– Khanate of Kokand * Kong – Kong Empire *

Kongo Congo or The Congo may refer to either of two countries that border the Congo River in central Africa: * Democratic Republic of the Congo, the larger country to the southeast, capital Kinshasa, formerly known as Zaire, sometimes referred to a ...

– Kingdom of Kongo * Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon *

Koya Temne The Kingdom of Kquoja or Koya or Koya Temne, or the Temne Kingdom (1505–1896), was a pre-colonial African state in the north of present-day Sierra Leone. The kingdom was founded by the Temne people, Temne ethnic group in or around 1505 by mi ...

– Kingdom of Koya

L

* – Principality of Liechtenstein * Limburg – Duchy of Limburg * Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea * Lippe – Principality of Lippe-Detmoldt * Loango – Kingdom of Loango * Luba – Luba Empire * Lübeck – Free City of Lübeck * Lunda – Lunda Empire * – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M

* Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives * Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur * Massina – Massina Empire * Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom *

Mecklenburg-Schwerin The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was a duchy in northern Germany created in 1701, when Frederick William and Adolphus Frederick II divided the Duchy of Mecklenburg between Schwerin and Strelitz. Ruled by the successors of the Nikloting Hous ...

– Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin *

Mecklenburg-Strelitz The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a duchy in northern Germany consisting of the eastern fifth of the historic Mecklenburg region, roughly corresponding with the present-day Mecklenburg-Strelitz district (the former Lordship of Stargard), ...

– Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz * – Republic of Mexico * Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao *

Modena Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...

– Duchies of Modena and Reggio * Moldavia – Principality of Moldavia * – Principality of Monaco * Montenegro – Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro * – Sultanate of Morocco

N

Nassau Nassau may refer to: Places Bahamas *Nassau, Bahamas, capital city of the Bahamas, on the island of New Providence Canada *Nassau District, renamed Home District, regional division in Upper Canada from 1788 to 1792 *Nassau Street (Winnipeg), ...

– Duchy of Nassau * Natalia – Natalia Republic * Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal * – Kingdom of the Netherlands *

New Granada New Granada may refer to various former national denominations for the present-day country of Colombia. *New Kingdom of Granada, from 1538 to 1717 *Viceroyalty of New Granada, from 1717 to 1810, re-established from 1816 to 1819 *United Provinces of ...

– Republic of New Granada * Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua * – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden)

O

Oldenburg Oldenburg may also refer to: Places *Mount Oldenburg, Ellsworth Land, Antarctica *Oldenburg (city), an independent city in Lower Saxony, Germany **Oldenburg (district), a district historically in Oldenburg Free State and now in Lower Saxony *Olde ...

– Grand Duchy of Oldenburg * → – Sublime Ottoman State * Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire *

Oyo Oyo can refer to: Places Nigeria * Oyo Empire, a former Yoruba state that covered parts of Nigeria and Benin, or the capital city * Oyo State, a present-day state of Nigeria named after the Oyo Empire * Oyo, Oyo State, a city founded in the 18 ...

– Oyo Empire

P

* Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang * – States of the Church * → – Republic of Paraguay * – Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla *

Perak Perak () is a state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula. Perak has land borders with the Malaysian states of Kedah to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, and Selangor to the south. Thailand's ...

– Sultanate of Perak * Persia – Persian Empire * Peru – Peruvian Republic * Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal * – Kingdom of Prussia * Punjab – Sikh Empire

R

* Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui *

Reuss Elder Line The Principality of Reuss-Greiz (german: Fürstentum Reuß-Greiz), called the Principality of the Reuss Elder Line (german: Fürstentum Reuß älterer Linie) after 1848, was a sovereign state in modern Germany, ruled by members of the House of ...

– Principality of Reuss Elder Line * Reuss Junior Line – Principality of Reuss Junior Line * Russia – Russian Empire *

Rwanda Rwanda (; rw, u Rwanda ), officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator ...

– Kingdom of Rwanda * – Kingdom of Ryūkyū

S

* Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa * – Most Serene Republic of San Marino * – Kingdom of Sarawak * Sardinia – Kingdom of Sardinia * Saxe-Altenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg *

Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (german: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha), or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (german: Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha, links=no ), was an Ernestine, Thuringian duchy ruled by a branch of the House of Wettin, consisting of territories in the present-d ...

– Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Capital: '' Coburg'', '' Gotha'' * Saxe-Meiningen – Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen * Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach * Saxony – Kingdom of Saxony * Schaumburg-Lippe – Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe * Schleswig – Duchy of Schleswig
Capital: '' Schleswig'', ''

Flensburg Flensburg (; Danish, Low Saxon: ''Flensborg''; North Frisian: ''Flansborj''; South Jutlandic: ''Flensborre'') is an independent town (''kreisfreie Stadt'') in the north of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. Flensburg is the centre of the ...

'', '' Copenhagen'' * Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt * Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen * Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor * Serbia – Principality of Serbia * – Kingdom of Siam * Sikkim – Chogyalate of Sikkim * Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate * – Kingdom of Spain *

Sulu Sulu (), officially the Province of Sulu (Tausug language, Tausūg: ''Wilāya sin Lupa' Sūg''; tl, Lalawigan ng Sulu), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province of the Philippines in the Sulu Archipelago and part of the Bangsamoro, Bangsamor ...

– Sultanate of Sulu * – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway) * – Swiss Confederation

T

* → – Kingdom of Tahiti * Tonga – Tu'i Tonga * Toro – Toro Kingdom * Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire * Tuscany – Grand Duchy of Tuscany * Two Sicilies – Kingdom of the Two Sicilies

U

* – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland * – United States of America * United States of the Ionian Islands – United States of the Ionian Islands * – Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V

* – Republic of Venezuela

W

* Waldeck-Pyrmont – Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont * Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta * Württemberg – Kingdom of Württemberg

Z

* Zululand – Kingdom of the Zulus
Capital: ''

kwaBulawayo Bulawayo (, ; Ndebele: ''Bulawayo'') is the second largest city in Zimbabwe, and the largest city in the country's Matabeleland region. The city's population is disputed; the 2022 census listed it at 665,940, while the Bulawayo City Council cl ...

'', '' umGungundlovu'', '' Ulundi''

States claiming sovereignty

Aceh Aceh ( ), officially the Aceh Province ( ace, Nanggroë Acèh; id, Provinsi Aceh) is the westernmost province of Indonesia. It is located on the northernmost of Sumatra island, with Banda Aceh being its capital and largest city. Granted a s ...

– Sultanate of Aceh * Germany – German Empire * Goust – Republic of Goust * Hungary – Hungarian State * Riogranda – Riograndense Republic *

Rio Grande The Rio Grande ( and ), known in Mexico as the Río Bravo del Norte or simply the Río Bravo, is one of the principal rivers (along with the Colorado River) in the southwestern United States and in northern Mexico. The length of the Rio G ...

– Republic of the Rio Grande *

Tavolara Tavolara is a small island off the northeast coast of Sardinia, Italy. The island is a limestone massif long and wide, with steep cliffs except at its ends. Its highest point, Monte Cannone, is above sea level. A cove and beach can be foun ...

– Kingdom of Tavolara * – Republic of Texas * – Republic of Yucatán

Sovereign states

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

W

Z

States claiming sovereignty

See also