List of birds of Mongolia

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Mongolia. The avifauna of Mongolia include a total of 534 species.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of '' The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'', 2022 edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflect this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Accidental species are included in the total species count for Mongolia.

The following tags have been used to highlight several categories. The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories.

*(A) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Mongolia
*(Ex) Extirpated - a species that no longer occurs in Mongolia although populations exist elsewhere

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

*Lesser whistling-duck, ''Dendrocygna javanica''
* Bar-headed goose, ''Anser indicus''
*Graylag goose, ''Anser anser''
* Swan goose, ''Anser cygnoides''
* Greater white-fronted goose, ''Anser albifrons''
*Lesser white-fronted goose, ''Anser erythropus''
* Taiga bean-goose, ''Anser fabalis''
*Tundra bean-goose, ''Anser serrirostris''
*Barnacle goose, ''Branta leucopsis'' (A)
*Red-breasted goose, ''Branta ruficollis'' (A)
*Mute swan, ''Cygnus olor''
*Tundra swan, ''Cygnus columbianus''
*Whooper swan, ''Cygnus cygnus''
*Ruddy shelduck, ''Tadorna ferruginea''
*Common shelduck, ''Tadorna tadorna''
* Mandarin duck, ''Aix galericulata'' (A)
* Baikal teal, ''Sibirionetta formosa''
* Garganey, ''Spatula querquedula''
*Northern shoveler, ''Spatula clypeata''
*Gadwall, ''Mareca strepera''
* Falcated duck, ''Mareca falcata''
* Eurasian wigeon, ''Mareca penelope''
*Indian spot-billed duck, ''Anas poecilorhyncha'' (A)
*Eastern spot-billed duck, ''Anas zonorhyncha''
*Mallard, ''Anas platyrhynchos''
*Northern pintail, ''Anas acuta''
*Green-winged teal, ''Anas crecca''
* Red-crested pochard, ''Netta rufina''
* Common pochard, ''Aythya ferina''
* Ferruginous duck, ''Aythya nyroca''
*Baer's pochard, ''Aythya baeri'' (A)
*Tufted duck, ''Aythya fuligula''
* Greater scaup, ''Aythya marila''
* Harlequin duck, ''Histrionicus histrionicus''
* Velvet scoter, ''Melanitta fusca'' (A)
*Stejneger's scoter, ''Melanitta stejnegeri''
* Long-tailed duck, ''Clangula hyemalis'' (A)
* Common goldeneye, ''Bucephala clangula''
*Smew, ''Mergellus albellus''
* Common merganser, ''Mergus merganser''
* Red-breasted merganser, ''Mergus serrator''
*White-headed duck, ''Oxyura leucocephala''

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds. In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.

* Hazel grouse, ''Tetrastes bonasia''
*Willow ptarmigan, ''Lagopus lagopus''
*Rock ptarmigan, ''Lagopus muta''
* Black-billed capercaillie, ''Tetrao urogalloides''
*Western capercaillie, ''Tetrao urogallus''
*Black grouse, ''Lyrurus tetrix''
* Daurian partridge, ''Perdix dauurica''
* Ring-necked pheasant, ''Phasianus colchicus''
*Altai snowcock, ''Tetraogallus altaicus''
* Common quail, ''Coturnix coturnix''
* Japanese quail, ''Coturnix japonica''
* Chukar, ''Alectoris chukar''

Flamingos

Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

* Greater flamingo, ''Phoenicopterus roseus'' (A)

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

* Little grebe, ''Tachybaptus ruficollis''
* Horned grebe, ''Podiceps auritus''
*Red-necked grebe, ''Podiceps grisegena''
* Great crested grebe, ''Podiceps cristatus''
*Eared grebe, ''Podiceps nigricollis''

Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

* Rock pigeon, ''Columba livia''
*Hill pigeon, ''Columba rupestris''
*Stock dove, ''Columba oenas''
*Yellow-eyed pigeon, ''Columba eversmanni'' (A)
*Common wood-pigeon, ''Columba palumbus''
* European turtle-dove, ''Streptopelia turtur''
*Oriental turtle-dove, ''Streptopelia orientalis''
* Eurasian collared-dove, ''Streptopelia decaocto''
*Red collared-dove, ''Streptopelia tranquebarica'' (A)
* Laughing dove, ''Streptopelia senegalensis''

Sandgrouse

Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.

*Pallas's sandgrouse, ''Syrrhaptes paradoxus''

Bustards

Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

* Great bustard, ''Otis tarda''
* MacQueen's bustard, ''Chlamydotis macqueenii''

Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

*Lesser cuckoo, ''Cuculus poliocephalus''
* Indian cuckoo, ''Cuculus micropterus''
* Common cuckoo, ''Cuculus canorus''
*Oriental cuckoo, ''Cuculus optatus''

Nightjars and allies

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

* Gray nightjar, ''Caprimulgus jotaka''
*Eurasian nightjar, ''Caprimulgus europaeus''

Swifts

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

*White-throated needletail, ''Hirundapus caudacutus''
*Common swift, ''Apus apus''
*Pacific swift, ''Apus pacificus''

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

* Water rail, ''Rallus aquaticus''
*Brown-cheeked rail, ''Rallus indicus''
* Corn crake, ''Crex crex''
* Spotted crake, ''Porzana porzana'' (A)
*Eurasian moorhen, ''Gallinula chloropus''
*Eurasian coot, ''Fulica atra''
*White-breasted waterhen, ''Amaurornis phoenicurus'' (A)
*Ruddy-breasted crake, ''Zapornia fusca'' (A)
*Band-bellied crake, ''Zapornia paykullii'' (A)
* Little crake, ''Zapornia parva''
*Baillon's crake, ''Zapornia pusilla''
*Swinhoe's rail, ''Coturnicops exquisitus'' (A)

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

*Demoiselle crane, ''Anthropoides virgo''
* Siberian crane, ''Leucogeranus leucogeranus''
*White-naped crane, ''Antigone vipio''
* Common crane, ''Grus grus''
* Hooded crane, ''Grus monacha''
* Black-necked crane, ''Grus nigricollis'' (A)
*Red-crowned crane, ''Grus japonensis''

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

*Eurasian thick-knee, ''Burhinus oedicnemus''

Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

* Black-winged stilt, ''Himantopus himantopus''
* Pied avocet, ''Recurvirostra avosetta''

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

* Eurasian oystercatcher, ''Haematopus ostralegus'' (A)

Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

* Black-bellied plover, ''Pluvialis squatarola''
* Pacific golden-plover, ''Pluvialis fulva''
*Northern lapwing, ''Vanellus vanellus''
*Gray-headed lapwing, ''Vanellus cinereus''
* Sociable lapwing, ''Vanellus gregarius''
*Lesser sand-plover, ''Charadrius mongolus''
* Greater sand-plover, ''Charadrius leschenaultii''
* Kentish plover, ''Charadrius alexandrinus''
* Common ringed plover, ''Charadrius hiaticula''
*Long-billed plover, ''Charadrius placidus'' (A)
*Little ringed plover, ''Charadrius dubius''
*Oriental plover, ''Charadrius veredus''
*Eurasian dotterel, ''Charadrius morinellus''

Painted-snipes

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae

Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

*Greater painted-snipe, ''Rostratula benghalensis''

Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

* Whimbrel, ''Numenius phaeopus''
*Little curlew, ''Numenius minutus''
*Far Eastern curlew, ''Numenius madagascariensis''
*Eurasian curlew, ''Numenius arquata''
* Bar-tailed godwit, ''Limosa lapponica''
*Black-tailed godwit, ''Limosa limosa''
* Ruddy turnstone, ''Arenaria interpres''
* Great knot, ''Calidris tenuirostris'' (A)
* Red knot, ''Calidris canutus''
*Ruff, ''Calidris pugnax''
* Broad-billed sandpiper, ''Calidris falcinellus''
* Sharp-tailed sandpiper, ''Calidris acuminata''
* Curlew sandpiper, ''Calidris ferruginea''
* Temminck's stint, ''Calidris temminckii''
* Long-toed stint, ''Calidris subminuta''
* Red-necked stint, ''Calidris ruficollis''
* Sanderling, ''Calidris alba''
*Dunlin, ''Calidris alpina''
* Baird's sandpiper, ''Calidris bairdii'' (A)
* Little stint, ''Calidris minuta''
*Buff-breasted sandpiper, ''Calidris subruficollis'' (A)
* Pectoral sandpiper, ''Calidris melanotos''
* Asian dowitcher, ''Limnodromus semipalmatus''
* Long-billed dowitcher, ''Limnodromus scolopaceus'' (A)
*Jack snipe, ''Lymnocryptes minimus''
* Eurasian woodcock, ''Scolopax rusticola''
*Solitary snipe, ''Gallinago solitaria''
* Common snipe, ''Gallinago gallinago''
*Pin-tailed snipe, ''Gallinago stenura''
*Swinhoe's snipe, ''Gallinago megala''
* Terek sandpiper, ''Xenus cinereus''
* Red-necked phalarope, ''Phalaropus lobatus''
* Red phalarope, ''Phalaropus fulicarius''
*Common sandpiper, ''Actitis hypoleucos''
* Green sandpiper, ''Tringa ochropus''
* Gray-tailed tattler, ''Tringa brevipes''
*Wandering tattler, ''Tringa incana'' (A)
* Spotted redshank, ''Tringa erythropus''
*Common greenshank, ''Tringa nebularia''
*Marsh sandpiper, ''Tringa stagnatilis''
*Wood sandpiper, ''Tringa glareola''
* Common redshank, ''Tringa totanus''

Buttonquail

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Turnicidae

The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

*Yellow-legged buttonquail, ''Turnix tanki'' (A)

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

*Collared pratincole, ''Glareola pratincola'' (A)
*Oriental pratincole, ''Glareola maldivarum''

Skuas and jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

*Pomarine jaeger, ''Stercorarius pomarinus''
*Parasitic jaeger, ''Stercorarius parasiticus''

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

*Black-legged kittiwake, ''Rissa tridactyla''
* Slender-billed gull, ''Chroicocephalus genei''
*Black-headed gull, ''Chroicocephalus ridibundus''
*Brown-headed gull, ''Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus''
* Little gull, ''Hydrocoloeus minutus''
* Ross's gull, ''Rhodostethia rosea'' (A)
*Relict gull, ''Ichthyaetus relictus'' (A)
*Pallas's gull, ''Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus''
* Black-tailed gull, ''Larus crassirostris''
*Common gull, ''Larus canus''
*Herring gull, ''Larus argentatus''
* Caspian gull, ''Larus cachinnans''
* Lesser black-backed gull, ''Larus fuscus'' (A)
*Glaucous gull, ''Larus hyperboreus'' (A)
* Little tern, ''Sternula albifrons''
* Gull-billed tern, ''Gelochelidon nilotica''
* Caspian tern, ''Hydroprogne caspia''
* Black tern, ''Chlidonias niger''
* White-winged tern, ''Chlidonias leucopterus''
*Whiskered tern, ''Chlidonias hybrida''
* Common tern, ''Sterna hirundo''
*Arctic tern, ''Sterna paradisaea'' (A)

Loons

Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae

Loons, known as divers in Europe, are a group of aquatic birds found in many parts of North America and northern Europe. They are the size of a large duck or small goose, which they somewhat resemble when swimming, but to which they are completely unrelated.

*Red-throated loon, ''Gavia stellata'' (A)
*Arctic loon, ''Gavia arctica''

Storks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

* Black stork, ''Ciconia nigra''
* Oriental stork, ''Ciconia boyciana''

Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.

*Great cormorant, ''Phalacrocorax carbo''

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

* Dalmatian pelican, ''Pelecanus crispus''

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

*Great bittern, ''Botaurus stellaris''
*Little bittern, ''Ixobrychus minutus''
*Schrenck's bittern, ''Ixobrychus eurhythmus'' (A)
*Gray heron, ''Ardea cinerea''
* Purple heron, ''Ardea purpurea''
*Great egret, ''Ardea alba''
* Intermediate egret, ''Ardea intermedia'' (A)
* Little egret, ''Egretta garzetta''
*Cattle egret, ''Bubulcus ibis''
* Chinese pond-heron, ''Ardeola bacchus'' (A)
* Striated heron, ''Butorides striata'' (A)
*Black-crowned night-heron, ''Nycticorax nycticorax'' (A)

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

* Glossy ibis, ''Plegadis falcinellus'' (A)
* Black-headed ibis, ''Threskiornis melanocephalus''
*Eurasian spoonbill, ''Platalea leucorodia''

Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

*Osprey, ''Pandion haliaetus''

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

* Bearded vulture, ''Gypaetus barbatus''
*Egyptian vulture, ''Neophron percnopterus''
* European honey-buzzard, ''Pernis apivorus''
*Oriental honey-buzzard, ''Pernis ptilorhynchus''
* Cinereous vulture, ''Aegypius monachus''
*Himalayan griffon, ''Gyps himalayensis''
*Eurasian griffon, ''Gyps fulvus''
*Short-toed snake-eagle, ''Circaetus gallicus''
* Mountain hawk-eagle, ''Nisaetus nipalensis''
* Greater spotted eagle, ''Clanga clanga''
*Booted eagle, ''Hieraaetus pennatus''
* Steppe eagle, ''Aquila nipalensis''
*Imperial eagle, ''Aquila heliaca''
*Golden eagle, ''Aquila chrysaetos''
*Bonelli's eagle, ''Aquila fasciata'' (A)
* Gray-faced buzzard, ''Butastur indicus''
*Eurasian marsh-harrier, ''Circus aeruginosus''
* Eastern marsh-harrier, ''Circus spilonotus''
*Hen harrier, ''Circus cyaneus''
* Pallid harrier, ''Circus macrourus''
*Pied harrier, ''Circus melanoleucos''
*Montagu's harrier, ''Circus pygargus''
* Shikra, ''Accipiter badius''
*Japanese sparrowhawk, ''Accipiter gularis''
* Besra, ''Accipiter virgatus''
*Eurasian sparrowhawk, ''Accipiter nisus''
*Northern goshawk, ''Accipiter gentilis''
* Black kite, ''Milvus migrans''
*White-tailed eagle, ''Haliaeetus albicilla''
* Pallas's fish-eagle, ''Haliaeetus leucoryphus''
*Rough-legged hawk, ''Buteo lagopus''
*Common buzzard, ''Buteo buteo''
* Eastern buzzard, ''Buteo japonicus''
* Long-legged buzzard, ''Buteo rufinus''
* Upland buzzard, ''Buteo hemilasius''

Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

*Eurasian scops-owl, ''Otus scops''
*Oriental scops-owl, ''Otus sunia''
* Eurasian eagle-owl, ''Bubo bubo''
* Snowy owl, ''Bubo scandiacus''
* Northern hawk owl, ''Surnia ulula''
*Eurasian pygmy-owl, ''Glaucidium passerinum''
*Little owl, ''Athene noctua''
* Ural owl, ''Strix uralensis''
*Great gray owl, ''Strix nebulosa''
* Long-eared owl, ''Asio otus''
*Short-eared owl, ''Asio flammeus''
* Boreal owl, ''Aegolius funereus''

Hoopoes

Order: BucerotiformesFamily: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.

* Eurasian hoopoe, ''Upupa epops''

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

* Common kingfisher, ''Alcedo atthis''
*Black-capped kingfisher, ''Halcyon pileata'' (A)

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterized by richly colored plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

* European bee-eater, ''Merops apiaster''

Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

* European roller, ''Coracias garrulus'' (A)
* Dollarbird, ''Eurystomus orientalis'' (A)

Woodpeckers

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

*Eurasian wryneck, ''Jynx torquilla''
*Eurasian three-toed woodpecker, ''Picoides tridactylus''
*Rufous-bellied woodpecker, ''Dendrocopos hyperythrus'' (A)
*White-backed woodpecker, ''Dendrocopos leucotos''
*Great spotted woodpecker, ''Dendrocopos major''
* Lesser spotted woodpecker, ''Dryobates minor''
*Gray-headed woodpecker, ''Picus canus''
*Black woodpecker, ''Dryocopus martius''

Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

* Lesser kestrel, ''Falco naumanni''
*Eurasian kestrel, ''Falco tinnunculus''
*Red-footed falcon, ''Falco vespertinus''
*Amur falcon, ''Falco amurensis''
*Merlin, ''Falco columbarius''
*Eurasian hobby, ''Falco subbuteo''
* Saker falcon, ''Falco cherrug''
* Gyrfalcon, ''Falco rusticolus''
*Peregrine falcon, ''Falco peregrinus''

Cuckooshrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae

The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly grayish with white and black, although some species are brightly colored.

*Ashy minivet, ''Pericrocotus divaricatus'' (A)

Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

* Eurasian golden oriole, ''Oriolus oriolus''
*Black-naped oriole, ''Oriolus chinensis''

Drongos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly black or dark gray in color, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.

* Black drongo, ''Dicrurus macrocercus'' (A)
* Hair-crested drongo, ''Dicrurus hottentottus'' (A)

Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.

* Bull-headed shrike, ''Lanius bucephalus''
* Red-backed shrike, ''Lanius collurio'' (A)
*Red-tailed shrike, ''Lanius phoenicuroides''
* Isabelline shrike, ''Lanius isabellinus''
* Brown shrike, ''Lanius cristatus''
* Long-tailed shrike, ''Lanius schach'' (A)
* Northern shrike, ''Lanius borealis''
*Great gray shrike, ''Lanius excubitor''
* Lesser gray shrike, ''Lanius minor'' (A)
* Chinese gray shrike, ''Lanius sphenocercus''

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

* Siberian jay, ''Perisoreus infaustus''
*Eurasian jay, ''Garrulus glandarius''
* Azure-winged magpie, ''Cyanopica cyana''
*Oriental magpie, ''Pica serica'' (A)
*Eurasian magpie, ''Pica pica''
* Mongolian ground-jay, ''Podoces hendersoni''
*Eurasian nutcracker, ''Nucifraga caryocatactes''
* Red-billed chough, ''Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax''
* Yellow-billed chough, ''Pyrrhocorax graculus''
*Eurasian jackdaw, ''Corvus monedula''
*Daurian jackdaw, ''Corvus dauuricus''
*Rook, ''Corvus frugilegus''
* Carrion crow, ''Corvus corone''
* Hooded crow, ''Corvus cornix''
*Large-billed crow, ''Corvus macrorhynchos''
*Common raven, ''Corvus corax''

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

*Coal tit, ''Periparus ater''
* Marsh tit, ''Poecile palustris''
*Willow tit, ''Poecile montana''
* Gray-headed chickadee, ''Poecile cincta''
*Azure tit, ''Cyanistes cyanus''
* Great tit, ''Parus major''
* Japanese tit, ''Parus minor'' (A)

Penduline-tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae

The penduline-tits are a group of small passerine birds related to the true tits. They are insectivores.

* White-crowned penduline-tit, ''Remiz coronatus''
*Chinese penduline-tit, ''Remiz consobrinus'' (A)

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

* Horned lark, ''Eremophila alpestris''
*Greater short-toed lark, ''Calandrella brachydactyla''
* Mongolian short-toed lark, ''Calandrella dukhunensis''
*Calandra lark, ''Melanocorypha calandra''
* Black lark, ''Melanocorypha yeltoniensis''
*Mongolian lark, ''Melanocorypha mongolica''
*Asian short-toed lark, ''Alaudala cheleensis''
*Turkestan short-toed lark, ''Alaudala heinei''
*White-winged lark, ''Alauda leucoptera''
* Eurasian skylark, ''Alauda arvensis''
* Crested lark, ''Galerida cristata''

Bearded reedling

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Panuridae

This species, the only one in its family, is found in reed beds throughout temperate Europe and Asia.

*Bearded reedling, ''Panurus biarmicus''

Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

*Thick-billed warbler, ''Arundinax aedon''
*Booted warbler, ''Iduna caligata''
* Sykes's warbler, ''Iduna rama''
*Black-browed reed warbler, ''Acrocephalus bistrigiceps''
* Paddyfield warbler, ''Acrocephalus agricola'' (A)
*Blyth's reed warbler, ''Acrocephalus dumetorum''
* Great reed warbler, ''Acrocephalus arundinaceus''
*Oriental reed warbler, ''Acrocephalus orientalis''
*Clamorous reed warbler, ''Acrocephalus stentoreus''

Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

* Gray's grasshopper warbler, ''Helopsaltes fasciolatus''
*Marsh grassbird, ''Helopsaltes pryeri''
*Pallas's grasshopper warbler, ''Helopsaltes certhiola''
*Middendorff's grasshopper warbler, ''Helopsaltes ochotensis''
*Lanceolated warbler, ''Locustella lanceolata''
* Savi's warbler, ''Locustella luscinioides''
*Common grasshopper-warbler, ''Locustella naevia''
*Chinese bush warbler, ''Locustella tacsanowskia''
*Baikal bush warbler, ''Locustella davidi'' (A)
*Spotted bush warbler, ''Locustella thoracica''

Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

*Bank swallow, ''Riparia riparia''
*Pale sand martin, ''Riparia diluta''
*Eurasian crag-martin, ''Ptyonoprogne rupestris''
* Barn swallow, ''Hirundo rustica''
*Red-rumped swallow, ''Cecropis daurica''
*Common house-martin, ''Delichon urbicum''
*Asian house-martin, ''Delichon dasypus''

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colorful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

*Flavescent bulbul, ''Pycnonotus flavescens''

Leaf warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

* Wood warbler, ''Phylloscopus sibilatrix''
*Yellow-browed warbler, ''Phylloscopus inornatus''
*Hume's warbler, ''Phylloscopus humei''
*Pallas's leaf warbler, ''Phylloscopus proregulus''
*Radde's warbler, ''Phylloscopus schwarzi''
* Yellow-streaked warbler, ''Phylloscopus armandii''
*Sulphur-bellied warbler, ''Phylloscopus griseolus''
*Dusky warbler, ''Phylloscopus fuscatus''
*Willow warbler, ''Phylloscopus trochilus''
*Mountain chiffchaff, ''Phylloscopus sindianus''
*Common chiffchaff, ''Phylloscopus collybita''
*Eastern crowned warbler, ''Phylloscopus coronatus'' (A)
* Green warbler, ''Phylloscopus nitidus''
*Greenish warbler, ''Phylloscopus trochiloides''
*Two-barred warbler, ''Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus''
*Pale-legged leaf warbler, ''Phylloscopus tenellipes''
*Arctic warbler, ''Phylloscopus borealis''
* Claudia's leaf warbler, ''Phylloscopus claudiae'' (A)

Bush warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Scotocercidae

The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019.

*Rufous-faced warbler, ''Abroscopus albogularis'' (A)
* Manchurian bush warbler, ''Horornis canturians'' (A)

Long-tailed tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.

* Long-tailed tit, ''Aegithalos caudatus''

Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

* Eurasian blackcap, ''Sylvia atricapilla''
* Garden warbler, ''Sylvia borin'' (A)
*Barred warbler, ''Curruca nisoria''
*Lesser whitethroat, ''Curruca curruca''
*Asian desert warbler, ''Curruca nana''
*Greater whitethroat, ''Curruca communis''
*Beijing babbler, ''Rhopophilus pekinensis''
* Reed parrotbill, ''Calamornis heudei''
*Vinous-throated parrotbill, ''Sinosuthura webbiana''

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and mostly undistinguished, their plumage above being generally some dull color like greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

*Chestnut-flanked white-eye, ''Zosterops erythropleurus'' (A)

Kinglets

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae

The kinglets, also called crests, are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice.

* Goldcrest, ''Regulus regulus''

Wallcreeper

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tichodromidae

The wallcreeper is a small bird related to the nuthatch family, which has stunning crimson, grey and black plumage.

* Wallcreeper, ''Tichodroma muraria''

Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.

*Eurasian nuthatch, ''Sitta europaea''

Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

*Eurasian treecreeper, ''Certhia familiaris''

Wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

* Eurasian wren, ''Troglodytes troglodytes''

Dippers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.

* White-throated dipper, ''Cinclus cinclus''

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

* European starling, ''Sturnus vulgaris''
* Rosy starling, ''Pastor roseus''
*Daurian starling, ''Agropsar sturninus''
* Red-billed starling, ''Spodiopsar sericeus'' (A)
* White-cheeked starling, ''Spodiopsar cineraceus''
*Crested myna, ''Acridotheres cristatellus''

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

*White's thrush, ''Zoothera aurea''
* Siberian thrush, ''Geokichla sibirica''
*Mistle thrush, ''Turdus viscivorus''
*Song thrush, ''Turdus philomelos''
* Redwing, ''Turdus iliacus''
*Eurasian blackbird, ''Turdus merula'' (A)
*Eyebrowed thrush, ''Turdus obscurus''
* Pale thrush, ''Turdus pallidus''
*Fieldfare, ''Turdus pilaris''
* Chestnut thrush, ''Turdus rubrocanus'' (A)
* Black-throated thrush, ''Turdus atrogularis''
* Red-throated thrush, ''Turdus ruficollis''
*Dusky thrush, ''Turdus eunomus''
*Naumann's thrush, ''Turdus naumanni''

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

* Gray-streaked flycatcher, ''Muscicapa griseisticta''
* Dark-sided flycatcher, ''Muscicapa sibirica''
*Asian brown flycatcher, ''Muscicapa dauurica''
* Spotted flycatcher, ''Muscicapa striata''
* European robin, ''Erithacus rubecula'' (A)
*Rufous-tailed robin, ''Larvivora sibilans'' (A)
*Siberian blue robin, ''Larvivora cyane''
*Common nightingale, ''Luscinia megarhynchos''
* Bluethroat, ''Luscinia svecica''
*Siberian rubythroat, ''Calliope calliope''
*Red-flanked bluetail, ''Tarsiger cyanurus''
*Yellow-rumped flycatcher, ''Ficedula zanthopygia''
*Narcissus flycatcher, ''Ficedula narcissina''
*Mugimaki flycatcher, ''Ficedula mugimaki''
*Slaty-backed flycatcher, ''Ficedula erithacus'' (A)
* Taiga flycatcher, ''Ficedula albicilla''
* European pied flycatcher, ''Ficedula hypoleuca'' (A)
* Rufous-backed redstart, ''Phoenicurus erythronotus''
*White-capped redstart, ''Phoenicurus leucocephalus'' (A)
*Common redstart, ''Phoenicurus phoenicurus''
* White-winged redstart, ''Phoenicurus erythrogaster''
*Black redstart, ''Phoenicurus ochruros''
*Daurian redstart, ''Phoenicurus auroreus''
* White-throated rock-thrush, ''Monticola gularis''
* Rufous-tailed rock-thrush, ''Monticola saxatilis''
* Blue rock-thrush, ''Monticola solitarius''
* White-throated bushchat, ''Saxicola insignis''
* Siberian stonechat, ''Saxicola maurus''
*Amur stonechat, ''Saxicola stejnegeri''
* Northern wheatear, ''Oenanthe oenanthe''
* Isabelline wheatear, ''Oenanthe isabellina''
*Desert wheatear, ''Oenanthe deserti''
*Pied wheatear, ''Oenanthe pleschanka''

Waxwings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

* Bohemian waxwing, ''Bombycilla garrulus''
* Japanese waxwing, ''Bombycilla japonica''

Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows.

*Alpine accentor, ''Prunella collaris''
* Altai accentor, ''Prunella himalayana''
* Siberian accentor, ''Prunella montanella''
*Brown accentor, ''Prunella fulvescens''
* Black-throated accentor, ''Prunella atrogularis''
*Mongolian accentor, ''Prunella koslowi''

Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

*Saxaul sparrow, ''Passer ammodendri''
*House sparrow, ''Passer domesticus''
*Eurasian tree sparrow, ''Passer montanus''
*Rock sparrow, ''Petronia petronia''
* White-winged snowfinch, ''Montifringilla nivalis''
* Pere David's snowfinch, ''Montifringilla davidiana''

Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

*Forest wagtail, ''Dendronanthus indicus'' (A)
*Gray wagtail, ''Motacilla cinerea''
*Western yellow wagtail, ''Motacilla flava''
*Eastern yellow wagtail, ''Motacilla tschutschensis''
*Citrine wagtail, ''Motacilla citreola''
* White wagtail, ''Motacilla alba''
*Richard's pipit, ''Anthus richardi''
*Blyth's pipit, ''Anthus godlewskii''
*Tawny pipit, ''Anthus campestris''
* Meadow pipit, ''Anthus pratensis'' (A)
* Rosy pipit, ''Anthus roseatus'' (A)
* Tree pipit, ''Anthus trivialis''
*Olive-backed pipit, ''Anthus hodgsoni''
*Pechora pipit, ''Anthus gustavi''
* Red-throated pipit, ''Anthus cervinus''
* Water pipit, ''Anthus spinoletta''
*American pipit, ''Anthus rubescens''

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

* Common chaffinch, ''Fringilla coelebs''
*Brambling, ''Fringilla montifringilla''
*Hawfinch, ''Coccothraustes coccothraustes''
* Yellow-billed grosbeak, ''Eophona migratoria''
* Japanese grosbeak, ''Eophona personata'' (A)
*Common rosefinch, ''Carpodacus erythrinus''
*Red-mantled rosefinch, ''Carpodacus rhodochlamys''
* Himalayan beautiful rosefinch, ''Carpodacus pulcherrimus'' (A)
* Chinese beautiful rosefinch, ''Carpodacus davidianus''
* Great rosefinch, ''Carpodacus rubicilla''
* Long-tailed rosefinch, ''Carpodacus sibiricus''
*Pallas's rosefinch, ''Carpodacus roseus''
* Pine grosbeak, ''Pinicola enucleator''
* Eurasian bullfinch, ''Pyrrhula pyrrhula''
*Mongolian finch, ''Bucanetes mongolicus''
* Plain mountain finch, ''Leucosticte nemoricola''
* Black-headed mountain finch, ''Leucosticte brandti''
* Asian rosy-finch, ''Leucosticte arctoa''
*Desert finch, ''Rhodospiza obsoleta'' (A)
*European greenfinch, ''Chloris chloris'' (A)
* Oriental greenfinch, ''Chloris sinica''
*Twite, ''Linaria flavirostris''
*Eurasian linnet, ''Linaria cannabina''
* Common redpoll, ''Acanthis flammea''
*Hoary redpoll, ''Acanthis hornemanni''
*Red crossbill, ''Loxia curvirostra''
*White-winged crossbill, ''Loxia leucoptera''
* European goldfinch, ''Carduelis carduelis''
*Fire-fronted serin, ''Serinus pusillus'' (A)
* Eurasian siskin, ''Spinus spinus''

Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds which had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

* Lapland longspur, ''Calcarius lapponicus''
* Snow bunting, ''Plectrophenax nivalis''

Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

* Black-headed bunting, ''Emberiza melanocephala''
*Red-headed bunting, ''Emberiza bruniceps''
*Chestnut-eared bunting, ''Emberiza fucata''
*Rufous-backed bunting, ''Emberiza jankowskii'' (A)
*Rock bunting, ''Emberiza cia''
* Godlewski's bunting, ''Emberiza godlewskii''
*Meadow bunting, ''Emberiza cioides''
* Yellowhammer, ''Emberiza citrinella''
* Pine bunting, ''Emberiza leucocephalos''
* Gray-necked bunting, ''Emberiza buchanani''
*Ortolan bunting, ''Emberiza hortulana''
*Yellow-throated bunting, ''Emberiza elegans''
* Ochre-rumped bunting, ''Emberiza yessoensis''
*Pallas's bunting, ''Emberiza pallasi''
*Reed bunting, ''Emberiza schoeniclus''
* Yellow-breasted bunting, ''Emberiza aureola''
*Little bunting, ''Emberiza pusilla''
*Rustic bunting, ''Emberiza rustica''
*Black-faced bunting, ''Emberiza spodocephala''
* Chestnut bunting, ''Emberiza rutila''
*Yellow-browed bunting, ''Emberiza chrysophrys''
*Tristram's bunting, ''Emberiza tristrami'' (A)

See also

*List of birds
* Lists of birds by region

References

*
*

External links

Multingual list of birds of Mongolia
More accurate and up-to-date list, with equivalents in Mongolian, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Kazakh
{{Asia topic, List of birds of , title= Birds of Asia

Mongolia
Mongolia
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birds