List of birds of Alaska
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The list of birds of Alaska includes every wild bird species recorded in the U.S. state of Alaska, based on the list published by the Alaska Checklist Committee. As of January 2022, there were 534 species on the official list. Of them, 55 are considered rare, 149 are casual, and 79 are accidental, all as defined below. Another 18 and a species pair are considered unsubstantiated. One species is endemic to the state. One species has been added as a result of a split enacted in June 2021. Only birds that are considered to have established, self-sustaining, wild populations in Alaska are included on this list. This means that birds that are considered probable escapees, although they may have been sighted flying free in Alaska, are not included. Species which the Checklist Committee considers to depend entirely on human feeding, such as rock pigeon, are also not included. This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the ''Check-list of North and Middle American Birds'', 7th edition through the 62nd Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS). Common and scientific names are also those of the ''Check-list'', except that the common names of families are from the
Clements taxonomy ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' is a book by Jim Clements which presents a list of the bird species of the world. The most recent printed version is the sixth edition (2007), but has been updated yearly, the last version in 2022 ...
because the AOS list does not include them. The following codes and definitions (except En) are used by the Alaska Checklist Committee to annotate some species: *(R) = Rare - "Annual or possibly annual in small numbers; most such species occur at the perimeter of Alaska, in season; a few are scarce residents" *(C) = Casual - "Not annual; these species are beyond the periphery of annual range, but recur in Alaska at irregular intervals, usually in seasonal and regional patterns" *(A) = Accidental - "One or two Alaska records, or none in the last 30 years" *(U) = Unsubstantiated - "attributed to Alaska without specimen or photo substantiation" *(En) = Endemic - A species found only in Alaska (except as a vagrant elsewhere)


Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order:
Anseriformes Anseriformes is an order of birds also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which in ...
Family: Anatidae The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. * Emperor goose, ''Anser canagica'' * Snow goose, ''Anser caerulescens'' * Ross's goose, ''Anser rossii'' (C) * Greater white-fronted goose, ''Anser albifrons'' * Lesser white-fronted goose, ''Anser erythropus'' (C) * Taiga bean-goose, ''Anser fabalis'' (C) *
Tundra bean-goose The tundra bean goose (''Anser serrirostris'') is a goose that breeds in northern Siberia. This and the taiga bean goose are recognised as separate species by the American Ornithological Society and International Ornithologists' Union, but are co ...
, ''Anser serrirostris'' (C) * Brant, ''Branta bernicla'' *
Cackling goose The cackling goose (''Branta hutchinsii'') is a species of goose found in North America. Description The black head and neck with white "chinstrap" distinguish this goose from all other geese except the larger Canada goose (''Branta canadensis'' ...
, ''Branta hutchinsii'' *
Canada goose The Canada goose (''Branta canadensis''), or Canadian goose, is a large wild goose with a black head and neck, white cheeks, white under its chin, and a brown body. It is native to the arctic and temperate regions of North America, and it is o ...
, ''Branta canadensis'' * Trumpeter swan, ''Cygnus buccinator'' * Tundra swan, ''Cygnus columbianus'' * Whooper swan, ''Cygnus cygnus'' (R) * Wood duck, ''Aix sponsa'' (R) * Baikal teal, ''Sibirionetta formosa'' (C) * Garganey, ''Spatula querquedula'' (C) * Blue-winged teal, ''Spatula discors'' * Cinnamon teal, ''Spatula cyanoptera'' (R) * Northern shoveler, ''Spatula clypeata'' *
Gadwall The gadwall (''Mareca strepera'') is a common and widespread dabbling duck in the family Anatidae. Taxonomy The gadwall was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. DNA studies have shown that ...
, ''Mareca strepera'' * Falcated duck, ''Mareca falcata'' (C) * Eurasian wigeon, ''Mareca penelope'' * American wigeon, ''Mareca americana'' *
Eastern spot-billed duck The eastern spot-billed duck or Chinese spot-billed duck (''Anas zonorhyncha'') is a species of dabbling duck that breeds in East and Southeast Asia. This species was formerly considered a subspecies of the Indian spot-billed duck and both were ...
, ''Anas zonorhyncha'' (C) *
Mallard The mallard () or wild duck (''Anas platyrhynchos'') is a dabbling duck that breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Eurasia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Arge ...
, ''Anas platyrhynchos'' * American black duck, ''Anas rubripes'' (A) * Northern pintail, ''Anas acuta'' * Green-winged teal, ''Anas crecca'' * Canvasback, ''Aythya valisineria'' * Redhead, ''Aythya americana'' * Common pochard, ''Aythya ferina'' (C) * Ring-necked duck, ''Aythya collaris'' * Tufted duck, ''Aythya fuligula'' (R) * Greater scaup, ''Aythya marila'' * Lesser scaup, ''Aythya affinis'' * Steller's eider, ''Polysticta stelleri'' * Spectacled eider, ''Somateria fischeri'' * King eider, ''Somateria spectabilis'' * Common eider, ''Somateria mollissima'' * Harlequin duck, ''Histrionicus histrionicus'' * Surf scoter, ''Melanitta perspicillata'' * White-winged scoter, ''Melanitta deglandi'' * Stejneger's scoter, ''Melanitta stejnegeri'' (C) * Black scoter, ''Melanitta americana'' * Long-tailed duck, ''Clangula hyemalis'' *
Bufflehead The bufflehead (''Bucephala albeola'') is a small sea duck of the genus ''Bucephala'', the goldeneyes. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' as ''Anas albeola''. The genus na ...
, ''Bucephala albeola'' * Common goldeneye, ''Bucephala clangula'' * Barrow's goldeneye, ''Bucephala islandica'' *
Smew The smew (''Mergellus albellus'') is a species of duck, and is the only living member of the genus ''Mergellus''. ''Mergellus'' is a diminutive of '' Mergus'' and ''albellus'' is from Latin ''albus'' "white". This genus is closely related to ' ...
, ''Mergellus albellus'' (R) * Hooded merganser, ''Lophodytes cucullatus'' * Common merganser, ''Mergus merganser'' * Red-breasted merganser, ''Mergus serrator'' * Ruddy duck, ''Oxyura jamaicensis'' (R)


Grouse, pheasants, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily:
Phasianidae The Phasianidae are a family (biology), family of heavy, ground-living birds, which includes pheasants, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, Turkey bird, turkeys, Old World quail, and peafowl. The family includes many of the most popular Game (hunti ...
Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. * Ruffed grouse, ''Bonasa umbellus'' * Spruce grouse, ''Canachites canadensis'' * Willow ptarmigan, ''Lagopus lagopus'' *
Rock ptarmigan The rock ptarmigan (''Lagopus muta'') is a medium-sized game bird in the grouse family. It is known simply as the ptarmigan in the UK. It is the official bird for the Canadian territory of Nunavut, where it is known as the ''aqiggiq'' (ᐊᕿ ...
, ''Lagopus muta'' * White-tailed ptarmigan, ''Lagopus leucurus'' * Sooty grouse, ''Dendragapus fuliginosus'' * Sharp-tailed grouse, ''Tympanuchus phasianellus''


Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. * Pied-billed grebe, ''Podilymbus podiceps'' (R) * Horned grebe, ''Podiceps auritus'' *
Red-necked grebe The red-necked grebe (''Podiceps grisegena'') is a migratory aquatic bird found in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Its wintering habitat is largely restricted to calm waters just beyond the waves around ocean coasts, although ...
, ''Podiceps grisegena'' *
Eared grebe The black-necked grebe or eared grebe (''Podiceps nigricollis'') is a member of the grebe family of water birds. It was described in 1831 by Christian Ludwig Brehm. There are currently three accepted subspecies, including the nominate subspeci ...
, ''Podiceps nigricollis'' (C) * Western grebe, ''Aechmorphorus occidentalis'' *
Clark's grebe Clark's grebe (''Aechmophorus clarkii'') is a North American waterbird species in the grebe family. Until the 1980s, it was thought to be a pale Polymorphism (biology), morph of the western grebe, which it resembles in size, range, and behavior. ...
, ''Aechmophorus clarkii'' (U)


Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. *
Band-tailed pigeon The band-tailed pigeon (''Patagioenas fasciata'') is a medium-sized bird of the Americas. Its closest relatives are the Chilean pigeon and the ring-tailed pigeon, which form a clade of ''Patagioenas'' with a terminal tail band and iridescent pl ...
, ''Patagioenas fasciata'' (R) *
Oriental turtle-dove The Oriental turtle dove or rufous turtle dove (''Streptopelia orientalis'') is a member of the bird family Columbidae. The species has a wide native distribution range from Europe, east across Asia to Japan. The populations show variations in th ...
, ''Streptopelia orientalis'' (C) * Eurasian collared-dove, ''Streptopelia decaocto'' (Introduced to North America) * White-winged dove, ''Zenaida asiatica'' (C) * Mourning dove, ''Zenaida macroura'' (R)


Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are
brood parasite Brood parasites are animals that rely on others to raise their young. The strategy appears among birds, insects and fish. The brood parasite manipulates a host, either of the same or of another species, to raise its young as if it were its own ...
s. * Common cuckoo, ''Cuculus canorus'' (C) * Oriental cuckoo, ''Cuculus optatus'' (C) * Yellow-billed cuckoo, ''Coccyzus americanus'' (C)


Nightjars and allies

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae Goatsuckers (nightjars) are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves. * Lesser nighthawk, ''Chordeiles acutipennis'' (A) * Common nighthawk, '' Chordeiles minor'' (R) *
Eastern whip-poor-will The eastern whip-poor-will (''Antrostomus vociferus'') is a medium-sized (22–27 cm; 8.7-10.6 ins.) bird within the nightjar family, Caprimulgidae, from North America. The whip-poor-will is commonly heard within its range, but less of ...
, ''Antrostomus vociferus'' (A) *
Gray nightjar The grey nightjar (''Caprimulgus jotaka'') is a species of nightjar found in East Asia. It is sometimes treated as a subspecies of the jungle nightjar (''C. indicus''), its South Asia South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which i ...
, ''Caprimulgus jotaka'' (A)


Swifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have very long, swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. *
Black swift The American black swift, or more simply black swift (''Cypseloides niger''), is a species of bird that is found from northern British Columbia in Canada through the United States and Mexico to Costa Rica and Brazil. They are also found in the Ca ...
, ''Cypseloides niger'' * Chimney swift, ''Chaetura pelagica'' (A) *
Vaux's swift Vaux's swift (''Chaetura vauxi'') is a small swift native to North America, Central America, and northern South America. It was named for the American scientist William Sansom Vaux. Description This is a small swift, even compared to other ''C ...
, ''Chaetura vauxi'' *
White-throated needletail The white-throated needletail (''Hirundapus caudacutus''), also known as needle-tailed swift or spine-tailed swift, is a large swift in the genus Hirundapus. It is reputed to reach speeds of up to 170 km/h (105 mph) in horizontal flight, but this ...
, ''Hirundapus caudacutus'' (C) * Common swift, ''Apus apus'' (C) *
Fork-tailed swift Fork-tailed swift is the historic name of a kind of bird which has since been divided taxonomically into four species. It could refer to any of four different species of swifts: *Pacific swift, ''Apus pacificus'' *Salim Ali's swift, ''Apus salimali ...
, ''Apus pacificus'' (C)


Hummingbirds

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Trochilidae Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. * Ruby-throated hummingbird, ''Archilochus colubris'' (C) *
Anna's hummingbird Anna's hummingbird (''Calypte anna'') is a medium-sized bird species of the family Trochilidae. It was named after Anna Masséna, Duchess of Rivoli. It is native to western coastal regions of North America. In the early 20th century, Anna's hu ...
, ''Calypte anna'' *
Costa's hummingbird Costa's hummingbird (''Calypte costae'') is a bird species in the hummingbird family Trochilidae. It breeds in the arid region of the southwest United States and northwest Mexico; it winters in western Mexico. Taxonomy Costa's hummingbird was f ...
, ''Calypte costae'' (C) *
Calliope hummingbird The calliope hummingbird ( ; ''Selasphorus calliope'') is the smallest bird native to the United States and Canada. It has a western breeding range mainly from California to British Columbia, and migrates to the Southwestern United States, Mexic ...
, ''Selasphorus calliope'' (C) *
Rufous hummingbird The rufous hummingbird (''Selasphorus rufus'') is a small hummingbird, about long with a long, straight and slender bill. These birds are known for their extraordinary flight skills, flying during their migratory transits. It is one of nine sp ...
, ''Selasphorus rufus''


Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order:
Gruiformes The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like". Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Rallidae Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and tend to be weak fliers. *
Virginia rail The Virginia rail (''Rallus limicola'') is a small waterbird, of the family Rallidae. These birds remain fairly common despite continuing loss of habitat, but are secretive by nature and more often heard than seen. They are also considered a ga ...
, ''Rallus limicola'' (C) * Sora, ''Porzana carolina'' (R) *
Baillon's crake Baillon's crake (''Zapornia pusilla''), also known as the marsh crake, is a small waterbird of the family Rallidae. Distribution Their breeding habitat is Cyperaceae, sedge beds in Europe, mainly in the east, and across the Palearctic. They used ...
, ''Porzana pusilla'' (U) (This species is not on the AOS ''Check-list''; moreover, it is assigned to genus ''Zapornia'' by the
Clements taxonomy ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' is a book by Jim Clements which presents a list of the bird species of the world. The most recent printed version is the sixth edition (2007), but has been updated yearly, the last version in 2022 ...
.) * Common moorhen, ''Gallinula chloropus'' (A) * Eurasian coot. ''Fulica atra'' (A) * American coot, ''Fulica americana'' (R) * Yellow rail, ''Coturnicops noveboracensis'' (U)


Cranes

Order:
Gruiformes The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like". Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Gruidae Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". * Sandhill crane, ''Antigone canadensis'' * Common crane, ''Grus grus'' (A) * Hooded crane, ''Grus monacha'' (A)


Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. * Black-winged stilt, ''Himantopus himantopus'' (C) * American avocet, ''Recurvirostra americana'' (C)


Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae The oystercatchers are large, obvious, and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open
mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...
s. * Eurasian Oystercatcher, ''Haematopus ostralegus'' (A) *
Black oystercatcher The black oystercatcher (''Haematopus bachmani'') is a conspicuous black bird found on the shoreline of western North America. It ranges from the Aleutian Islands of Alaska to the coast of the Baja California peninsula. The black oystercatcher ...
, ''Haematopus bachmani''


Lapwings and plovers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water. *
Northern lapwing The northern lapwing (''Vanellus vanellus''), also known as the peewit or pewit, tuit or tew-it, green plover, or (in Ireland and Britain) pyewipe or just lapwing, is a bird in the lapwing subfamily. It is common through temperate Eurosiberia. ...
, ''Vanellus vanellus'' (A) * Black-bellied plover, ''Pluvialis squatarola'' * European golden-plover, ''Pluvialis apricaria'' (C) *
American golden-plover The American golden plover (''Pluvialis dominica''), is a medium-sized plover. The genus name is Latin and means relating to rain, from ''pluvia'', "rain". It was believed that golden plovers flocked when rain was imminent. The species name ''d ...
, ''Pluvialis dominica'' * Pacific golden-plover, ''Pluvialis fulva'' *
Eurasian dotterel The Eurasian dotterel (''Charadrius morinellus''), also known in Europe as just dotterel, is a small wader in the plover family of birds. The dotterel is a brown and black streaked bird with a broad white eye-stripe and an orange-red chest ban ...
, ''Charadrius morinellus'' (C) * Killdeer, ''Charadrius vociferus'' * Common ringed plover, ''Charadrius hiaticula'' (R) * Semipalmated plover, ''Charadrius semipalmatus'' *
Little ringed plover The little ringed plover (''Charadrius dubius'') is a small plover. The genus name ''Charadrius'' is a Late Latin word for a yellowish bird mentioned in the fourth-century Vulgate. It derives from Ancient Greek ''kharadrios'' a bird found in river ...
, ''Charadrius dubius'' (C) *
Lesser sand-plover The lesser sand plover (''Charadrius mongolus'') is a small wader in the plover family of birds. The spelling is commonly given as lesser sand-plover, but the official British Ornithologists' Union spelling is "lesser sand plover". The genus ...
, ''Charadrius mongolus'' (R) * Snowy plover, ''Charadrius nivosus'' (A)


Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily:
Scolopacidae Sandpipers are a large family, Scolopacidae, of waders. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. ...
Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. * Upland sandpiper, ''Bartramia longicauda'' * Bristle-thighed curlew, ''Numenius tahitiensis'' * Whimbrel, ''Numenius phaeopus'' *
Little curlew The little curlew (''Numenius minutus'') is a wader in the large bird family Scolopacidae. It is a very small curlew, which breeds in the far north of Siberia. It is closely related to the North American Eskimo curlew. The word "curlew" is imita ...
, ''Numenius minutus'' (A) * Eskimo curlew, ''Numenius borealis'' (A) (Not seen since 1886) *
Long-billed curlew The long-billed curlew (''Numenius americanus'') is a large North American shorebird of the family Scolopacidae. This species was also called "sicklebird" and the "candlestick bird". The species breeds in central and western North America, migrat ...
, ''Numenius americanus'' (C) * Far Eastern curlew, ''Numenius madagascariensis'' (C) * Bar-tailed godwit, ''Limosa lapponica'' *
Black-tailed godwit The black-tailed godwit (''Limosa limosa'') is a large, long-legged, long-billed shorebird first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. It is a member of the godwit genus, ''Limosa''. There are four subspecies, all with orange head, neck and chest ...
, ''Limosa limosa'' (C) *
Hudsonian godwit The Hudsonian godwit (''Limosa haemastica'') is a large shorebird in the sandpiper family, Scolopacidae. The genus name ''Limosa'' is from Latin and means "muddy", from ''limus'', "mud". The specific ''haemastica'' is from Ancient Greek and means ...
, ''Limosa haemastica'' *
Marbled godwit The marbled godwit (''Limosa fedoa'') is a large migratory shorebird in the family Scolopacidae. On average, it is the largest of the four species of godwit. Taxonomy In 1750 the English naturalist George Edwards included an illustration and a ...
, ''Limosa fedoa'' * Ruddy turnstone, ''Arenaria interpres'' *
Black turnstone The black turnstone (''Arenaria melanocephala'') is a species of small wading bird. It is one of two species of turnstone in the genus ''Arenaria'' the ruddy turnstone (''A. interpres'') being the other. It is now classified in the sandpiper fam ...
, ''Arenaria melanocephala'' * Great knot, ''Calidris tenuirostris'' (C) * Red knot, ''Calidris canutus'' *
Surfbird The surfbird (''Calidris virgata'') is a small stocky wader in the family Scolopacidae. It was once considered to be allied to the turnstones, and placed in the monotypic genus ''Aphriza'', but is now placed in the genus ''Calidris''. This bird ...
, ''Calidris virgata'' *
Ruff Ruff may refer to: Places *Ruff, Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community *Ruff, Washington, United States, an unincorporated community Other uses *Ruff (bird) (''Calidris pugnax'' or ''Philomachus pugnax''), a bird in the wader fami ...
, ''Calidris pugnax'' (R) * Broad-billed sandpiper, ''Calidris falcinellus'' (C) * Sharp-tailed sandpiper, ''Calidris acuminata'' * Stilt sandpiper, ''Calidris himantopus'' * Curlew sandpiper, ''Calidris ferruginea'' (C) * Temminck's stint, ''Calidris temminckii'' (C) * Long-toed stint, ''Calidris subminuta'' (R) *
Spoon-billed sandpiper The spoon-billed sandpiper (''Calidris pygmaea'') is a small wader which breeds on the coasts of the Bering Sea and winters in Southeast Asia. This species is highly threatened, and it is said that since the 1970s the breeding population has dec ...
. ''Calidris pygmea'' (C) * Red-necked stint, ''Calidris ruficollis'' * Sanderling, ''Calidris alba'' *
Dunlin The dunlin (''Calidris alpina'') is a small wader, formerly sometimes separated with the other "stints" in the genus ''Erolia''. The English name is a dialect form of "dunling", first recorded in 1531–1532. It derives from ''dun'', "dull brown ...
, ''Calidris alpina'' * Rock sandpiper, ''Calidris ptilocnemis'' * Purple sandpiper. ''Calidris maritima'' (A) * Baird's sandpiper, ''Calidris bairdii'' * Little stint, ''Calidris minuta'' (C) * Least sandpiper, ''Calidris minutilla'' *
White-rumped sandpiper The white-rumped sandpiper (''Calidris fuscicollis'') is a small shorebird that breeds in the northern tundra of Canada and Alaska. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds; these are known collectively as "pee ...
, ''Calidris fuscicollis'' (R) *
Buff-breasted sandpiper The buff-breasted sandpiper (''Calidris subruficollis'') is a small wader, shorebird. The species name ''subruficollis'' is from Latin ''subrufus'', "reddish" (from ''sub'', "somewhat", and ''rufus'', "rufous") and ''collis'', "-necked/-throated" ...
, ''Calidris subruficollis'' * Pectoral sandpiper, ''Calidris melanotos'' * Semipalmated sandpiper, ''Calidris pusilla'' * Western sandpiper, ''Calidris mauri'' * Short-billed dowitcher, ''Limnodromus griseus'' * Long-billed dowitcher, ''Limnodromus scolopaceus'' *
Jack snipe The jack snipe or jacksnipe (''Lymnocryptes minimus'') is a small stocky wader. It is the smallest snipe, and the only member of the genus ''Lymnocryptes''. Features such as its sternum make it quite distinct from other snipes or woodcocks. Et ...
, ''Lymnocryptes minimus'' (C) *
Solitary snipe The solitary snipe (''Gallinago solitaria'') is a small stocky wader. It is found in the Palearctic from northeast Iran to Japan and Korea. Description This is a large and heavy snipe 29–31 cm long with a stocky body and relatively sho ...
, ''Gallinago solitaria'' (C) *
Pin-tailed snipe Pintail snipe head and bill The pin-tailed snipe or pintail snipe (''Gallinago stenura'') is a species of bird in the family Scolopacidae, the sandpipers. Distribution It breeds in northern Russia and migrates to spend the non-breeding season i ...
, ''Gallinago stenura'' (C) * Common snipe, ''Gallinago gallinago'' * Wilson's snipe, ''Gallinago delicata'' * Terek sandpiper, ''Xenus cinereus'' (C) *
Common sandpiper The common sandpiper (''Actitis hypoleucos'') is a small Palearctic wader. This bird and its American sister species, the spotted sandpiper (''A. macularia''), make up the genus ''Actitis''. They are parapatric and replace each other geographic ...
, ''Actitis hypoleucos'' (R) *
Spotted sandpiper The spotted sandpiper (''Actitis macularius'') is a small shorebird. Together with its sister species the common sandpiper (''A. hypoleucos''), it makes up the genus ''Actitis''. They replace each other geographically; stray birds may settle dow ...
, ''Actitis macularia'' * Green sandpiper, ''Tringa ochropus'' (C) *
Solitary sandpiper The solitary sandpiper (''Tringa solitaria'') is a small shorebird. The genus name ''Tringa'' is the New Latin name given to the green sandpiper by Aldrovandus in 1599 based on Ancient Greek ''trungas'', a thrush-sized, white-rumped, tail-bobbin ...
, ''Tringa solitaria'' *
Gray-tailed tattler The grey-tailed tattler (''Tringa brevipes'', formerly ''Heteroscelus brevipes''Banks, Richard C.; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J. V. Jr.; Rising, James D. & Stotz, Douglas F. (2006):Forty-seventh ...
, ''Tringa brevipes'' *
Wandering tattler The wandering tattler (''Tringa incana''; formerly ''Heteroscelus incanus'': Pereira & Baker, 2005; Banks ''et al.'', 2006), is a medium-sized wading bird. It is similar in appearance to the closely related gray-tailed tattler, ''T. brevipes''. ...
, ''Tringa incana'' * Lesser yellowlegs, ''Tringa flavipes'' * Willet, ''Tringa semipalmata'' (C) * Spotted redshank, ''Tringa erythropus'' (C) * Common greenshank, ''Tringa nebularia'' (R) * Greater yellowlegs, ''Tringa melanoleuca'' *
Wood sandpiper The wood sandpiper (''Tringa glareola'') is a small wader. This Eurasian species is the smallest of the shanks, which are mid-sized long-legged waders of the family Scolopacidae. The genus name ''Tringa'' is the New Latin name given to the green ...
, ''Tringa glareola'' *
Marsh sandpiper The marsh sandpiper (''Tringa stagnatilis'') is a small wader. It is a rather small shank, and breeds in open grassy steppe and taiga wetlands from easternmost Europe to the Russian Far East. The genus name ''Tringa'' is the New Latin name given ...
, ''Tringa stagnatilis'' (C) * Wilson's phalarope, ''Phalaropus tricolor'' (R) * Red-necked phalarope, ''Phalaropus lobatus'' * Red phalarope, ''Phalaropus fulicarius''


Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings, and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like
swallows The swallows, martins, and saw-wings, or Hirundinidae, are a family of passerine songbirds found around the world on all continents, including occasionally in Antarctica. Highly adapted to aerial feeding, they have a distinctive appearance. The ...
, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding. * Oriental pratincole, ''Glareola maldivarum'' (A)


Skuas and jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae Jaegers and skuas are in general medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers. * South polar skua, ''Stercorarius maccormicki'' (C) *
Pomarine jaeger The pomarine jaeger (''Stercorarius pomarinus''), pomarine skua, or pomatorhine skua, is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. It is a migrant, wintering at sea in the tropical oceans. Taxonomy Its relationships are not fully resolved; i ...
, ''Stercorarius pomarinus'' *
Parasitic jaeger The parasitic jaeger (''Stercorarius parasiticus''), also known as the Arctic skua, Arctic jaeger or parasitic skua, is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. It is a migratory species that breeds in Northern Scandinavia, Scotland, Iceland, ...
, ''Stercorarius parasiticus'' * Long-tailed jaeger, ''Stercorarius longicaudus''


Auks, murres, and puffins

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae The family Alcidae includes auks, murres, and puffins. These are short-winged birds that live on the open sea and normally only come ashore for breeding. *
Dovekie The little auk or dovekie (''Alle alle'') is a small auk, the only member of the genus ''Alle''. ''Alle'' is the Sami name of the long-tailed duck; it is onomatopoeic and imitates the call of the drake duck. Linnaeus was not particularly famil ...
, ''Alle alle'' (R) * Common murre, ''Uria aalge'' *
Thick-billed murre The thick-billed murre or Brünnich's guillemot (''Uria lomvia'') is a bird in the auk family (Alcidae). This bird is named after the Danish zoologist Morten Thrane Brünnich. The very deeply black North Pacific subspecies ''Uria lomvia arra'' i ...
, ''Uria lomvia'' *
Black guillemot The black guillemot or tystie (''Cepphus grylle'') is a medium-sized seabird of the Alcidae family, native throughout northern Atlantic coasts and eastern North American coasts. It is resident in much of its range, but large populations from the ...
, ''Cepphus grylle'' * Pigeon guillemot, ''Cepphus columba'' *
Long-billed murrelet The long-billed murrelet (''Brachyramphus perdix'') is a small seabird from the North Pacific. The genus name ''Brachyramphus'' is from Ancient Greek ''brakhus'', "short", and ''rhamphos'', "bill". The species name ''perdix'' is Latin for "partr ...
, ''Brachyramphus perdix'' (C) * Marbled murrelet, ''Brachyramphus marmoratus'' *
Kittlitz's murrelet Kittlitz's murrelet (''Brachyramphus brevirostris'') is a small alcid found in the waters off Alaska and Eastern Siberia. This near threatened species is, like the closely related marbled murrelet, unusual for seabirds in not being colonial, nes ...
, ''Brachyramphus brevirostris'' * Ancient murrelet, ''Synthliboarmphus antiquus'' * Cassin's auklet, ''Ptychoramphus aleuticus'' *
Parakeet auklet The parakeet auklet (''Aethia psittacula'') is a small seabird of the North Pacific. Parakeet Auklets used to be placed on its own in the genus ''Cyclorrhynchus'' ( Kaup, 1829) but recent morphological and genetic evidence suggest it should be pl ...
, ''Aethia psittacula'' *
Least auklet The least auklet (''Aethia pusilla'') is a seabird and the smallest species of auk. It is the most abundant seabird in North America, and one of the most abundant in the world, with a population of around nine million birds. They breed on the isl ...
, ''Aethia pusilla'' * Whiskered auklet, ''Aethia pygmaea'' * Crested auklet, ''Aethia cristatella'' *
Rhinoceros auklet The rhinoceros auklet (''Cerorhinca monocerata'') is a seabird and a close relative of the puffins. It is the only extant species of the genus ''Cerorhinca''. Given its close relationship with the puffins, the common name rhinoceros puffin has b ...
, ''Cerorhinca monocerata'' *
Horned puffin The horned puffin (''Fratercula corniculata'') is an auk found in the North Pacific Ocean, including the coasts of Alaska, Siberia and British Columbia. It is a pelagic seabird that feeds primarily by diving for fish. It nests in colonies, often ...
, ''Fratercula corniculata'' * Tufted puffin, ''Fratercula cirrhata''


Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes, and skimmers. They are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. *
Black-legged kittiwake The black-legged kittiwake (''Rissa tridactyla'') is a seabird species in the gull family Laridae. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' as ''Larus tridactylus''. The English ...
, ''Rissa tridactyla'' * Red-legged kittiwake, ''Rissa brevirostris'' *
Ivory gull The ivory gull (''Pagophila eburnea'') is a small gull, the only species in the genus ''Pagophila''. It breeds in the high Arctic and has a circumpolar distribution through Greenland, northernmost North America, and Eurasia. Taxonomy The ivory ...
, ''Pagophila eburnea'' * Sabine's gull, ''Xema sabini'' * Bonaparte's gull, ''Chroicocephalus philadelphia'' * Black-headed gull, ''Chroicocephalus ridibundus'' (R) * Little gull, ''Hydrocoleus minutus'' (C) * Ross's gull, ''Rhodostethia rosea'' * Laughing gull, ''Leucophaeus atricilla'' (C) *
Franklin's gull Franklin's gull (''Leucophaeus pipixcan'') is a small (length 12.6–14.2 in, 32–36 cm) gull. The genus name ''Leucophaeus'' is from Ancient Greek ''leukos'', "white", and ''phaios'', "dusky". The specific ''pipixcan'' is a Nahuatl name fo ...
, ''Leucophaeus pipixcan'' (R) *
Pallas's gull Pallas's gull (''Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus''), also known as the great black-headed gull, is a large bird species. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus ''Larus''. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. '' ...
, ''Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus'' (A) * Black-tailed gull, ''Larus crassirostris'' (C) * Heermann's gull, ''Larus heermanni'' (C) * Common gull, ''Larus canus'' (R) *
Short-billed gull The short-billed gull (''Larus brachyrhynchus'') is a medium-sized species of gull that breeds in northwestern North America. In North America it was previously known as the mew gull, when it was considered conspecific with the palearctic common g ...
, ''Larus brachyrhynchus'' * Ring-billed gull, ''Larus delawarensis'' (R) * Western gull, ''Larus occidentalis'' (C) * California gull, ''Larus californicus'' * Herring gull, ''Larus argentatus'' *
Iceland gull The Iceland gull (''Larus glaucoides'') is a medium-sized gull that breeds in the Arctic regions of Canada and Greenland, but not in Iceland (as its name suggests), where it is only seen during winter. The genus name is from Latin ''larus'', whic ...
, ''Larus glaucoides'' * Lesser black-backed gull, ''Larus fuscus'' (C) *
Slaty-backed gull The slaty-backed gull (''Larus schistisagus'') is a large, white-headed gull that breeds on the north-eastern coast of the Palearctic, but travels widely during nonbreeding seasons. It is similar in appearance to the western gull and the glaucou ...
, ''Larus schistisagus'' * Glaucous-winged gull, ''Larus glaucescens'' *
Glaucous gull The glaucous gull (''Larus hyperboreus'') is a large gull, the second-largest gull in the world. It breeds in Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and winters south to shores of the Holarctic. The genus name is from Latin ''larus'', which a ...
, ''Larus hyperboreus'' * Great black-backed gull, ''Larus marinus'' (C) *
Sooty tern The sooty tern (''Onychoprion fuscatus'') is a seabird in the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans, returning to land only to breed on islands throughout the equatorial zone. Taxonomy The sooty tern was described by Carl Linnaeu ...
, ''Onychoprion fuscatus'' (A) *
Aleutian tern The Aleutian tern (''Onychoprion aleuticus'') is a migratory bird living in the subarctic region of the globe most of the year. It is frequently associated with the Arctic tern, which it closely resembles. While both species have a black cap, th ...
, ''Onychoprion aleuticus'' * Little tern/ Least tern, ''Sternula albifrons/antillarum'' (U) * Caspian tern, ''Hydroprogne caspia'' (R) * Black tern, ''Chlidonias niger'' (C) * White-winged tern, ''Chlidonias leucopterus'' (C) * Common tern, ''Sterna hirundo'' (C) *
Arctic tern The Arctic tern (''Sterna paradisaea'') is a tern in the family Laridae. This bird has a circumpolar breeding distribution covering the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of Europe (as far south as Brittany), Asia, and North America (as far south a ...
, ''Sterna paradisaea'' * Sandwich tern, ''Thalasseus sandvicensis'' (A)


Penguins

Order: SphenisciformesFamily: Spheniscidae The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish,
squid True squid are molluscs with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes, though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called squid despite not strictly fitting t ...
, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. * Humboldt penguin, ''Spheniscus humboldti'' (A)


Loons

Order:
Gaviiformes Gaviiformes is an order of aquatic birds containing the loons or divers and their closest extinct relatives. Modern gaviiformes are found in many parts of North America and northern Eurasia (Europe, Asia and debatably Africa), though prehistori ...
Family: Gaviidae Loons are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but are almost hopeless on land, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body. * Red-throated loon, ''Gavia stellata'' *
Arctic loon The black-throated loon (''Gavia arctica''), also known as the Arctic loon and the black-throated diver, is a migratory aquatic bird found in the northern hemisphere, primarily breeding in freshwater lakes in northern Europe and Asia. It winter ...
, ''Gavia arctica'' (R) *
Pacific loon The Pacific loon or Pacific diver (''Gavia pacifica''), is a medium-sized member of the loon, or diver, family. Taxonomy and etymology The Pacific loon, previously considered conspecific with the similar black-throated loon, was classified as ...
, ''Gavia pacifica'' * Common loon, ''Gavia immer'' * Yellow-billed loon, ''Gavia adamsii''


Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus ''Diomedea'' have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. *
Salvin's albatross Salvin's albatross (''Thalassarche salvini'') or Salvin's mollymawk, is a large seabird that breeds mainly on the Bounty Islands of New Zealand, with scant amounts on islands across the Southern Ocean. A medium-sized mollymawk, it was long consi ...
, ''Thalassarche salvini'' (A) *
Laysan albatross The Laysan albatross (''Phoebastria immutabilis'') is a large seabird that ranges across the North Pacific. The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are home to 99.7% of the population. This small (for its family) gull-like albatross is the second-most ...
, ''Phoebastria immutabilis'' * Black-footed albatross, ''Phoebastria nigripes'' * Short-tailed albatross, ''Phoebastria albatrus'' (R)


Northern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae The storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. *
Fork-tailed storm-petrel The fork-tailed storm petrel (''Hydrobates furcatus'') is a small seabird of the storm petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is the second-most abundant and widespread storm petrel (after Leach's storm petrel) and is the only bird in its family that is ...
, ''Hydrobates furcatus'' *
Swinhoe's storm-petrel Swinhoe's storm petrel or Swinhoe's petrel (''Hydrobates monorhis'') is a small, all-brown seabird of the storm petrel family Hydrobatidae. Etymology The scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek. ''Hydrobates'' is from ''hydro'' "water", a ...
, ''Hydrobates monorhis'' (U) *
Leach's storm-petrel Leach's storm petrel or Leach's petrel (''Hydrobates leucorhous'') is a small seabird of the tubenose order. It is named after the British zoologist William Elford Leach. The scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek. ''Hydrobates'' is from ...
, ''Hydrobates leucorhous''


Shearwaters and petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary. *
Northern fulmar The northern fulmar (''Fulmarus glacialis''), fulmar, or Arctic fulmar is a highly abundant seabird found primarily in subarctic regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. There has been one confirmed sighting in the Southern Hemis ...
, ''Fulmarus glacialis'' * Providence petrel, ''Pterodroma solandri'' (A) * Murphy's petrel, ''Pterodroma ultima'' (U) *
Mottled petrel The mottled petrel (''Pterodroma inexpectata'') or kōrure is a species of seabird and a member of the gadfly petrels. It usually attains in length with a wingspan. This species is highly pelagic, rarely approaching land, except to nest and re ...
, ''Pterodroma inexpectata'' *
Cook's petrel Cook's petrel (''Pterodroma cookii'') or the blue-footed petrel, is a Procellariform seabird. It is a member of the gadfly petrels and part of the subgroup known as Cookilaria petrels, which includes the very similar Stejneger's petrel. Morphol ...
, ''Pterodroma cookii'' (A) *
Buller's shearwater Buller's shearwater (''Ardenna bulleri'') is a Pacific species of seabird in the family Procellariidae; it is also known as the grey-backed shearwater or New Zealand shearwater. A member of the black-billed wedge-tailed ''Thyellodroma'' group, a ...
, ''Ardenna bulleri'' *
Short-tailed shearwater The short-tailed shearwater or slender-billed shearwater (''Ardenna tenuirostris''; formerly ''Puffinus tenuirostris''), also called yolla or moonbird, and commonly known as the muttonbird in Australia, is the most abundant seabird species in A ...
, ''Ardenna tenuirostris'' * Sooty shearwater, ''Ardenna griseus'' * Great shearwater, ''Ardenna gravis'' (C) *
Pink-footed shearwater The pink-footed shearwater (''Ardenna creatopus'') is a species of seabird. The bird is in length, with a wingspan. It is polymorphic, having both darker- and lighter-phase populations. Together with the equally light-billed flesh-footed shea ...
, ''Ardenna creatopus'' (R) * Flesh-footed shearwater, ''Ardenna carneipes'' (R) *
Manx shearwater The Manx shearwater (''Puffinus puffinus'') is a medium-sized shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. The scientific name of this species records a name shift: Manx shearwaters were called Manks puffins in the 17th century. Puffin is an ...
, ''Puffinus puffinus'' (R)


Frigatebirds

Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. * Magnificent frigatebird, ''Fregata magnificens'' (A)


Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. * Nazca booby, ''Sula granti'' (A) *
Brown booby The brown booby (''Sula leucogaster'') is a large seabird of the booby family Sulidae, of which it is perhaps the most common and widespread species. It has a pantropical range, which overlaps with that of other booby species. The gregarious brow ...
, ''Sula leucogaster'' (C) *
Red-footed booby The red-footed booby (''Sula sula'') is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. Adults always have red feet, but the colour of the plumage varies. They are powerful and agile fliers, but they are clumsy in takeoffs and landings. They are f ...
, ''Sula sula'' (C) * Northern gannet, ''Morus bassanus'' (U)


Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed. *
Brandt's cormorant Brandt's cormorant (''Urile penicillatus'') is a strictly marine bird of the cormorant family of seabirds that inhabits the Pacific coast of North America. It ranges, in the summer, from Alaska to the Gulf of California, but the population nort ...
, ''Urile penicillatus'' (R) *
Red-faced cormorant The red-faced cormorant (''Urile urile''), red-faced shag or violet shag, is a bird species of the family Phalacrocoracidae. Its range spans from the eastern tip of Hokkaidō in Japan, northern korean peninsula, via the Kuril Islands, the sou ...
, ''Urile urile'' * Pelagic cormorant, ''Urile pelagicus'' * Double-crested cormorant, ''Nannopterum auritum''


Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes. *
American white pelican The American white pelican (''Pelecanus erythrorhynchos'') is a large aquatic soaring bird from the order Pelecaniformes. It breeds in interior North America, moving south and to the coasts, as far as Central America and South America, in winte ...
, ''Pelecanus erythrorhynchos'' (A) * Brown pelican, ''Pelecanus occidentalis'' (C)


Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills. * American bittern, ''Botaurus lentiginosus'' (C) * Eurasian bittern, ''Botaurus stellaris'' (U) (This species is not on the AOS ''Check-list'') *
Yellow bittern The yellow bittern (''Ixobrychus sinensis'') is a small bittern. It is of Old World origins, breeding in the northern Indian Subcontinent, east to the Russian Far East, Japan and Indonesia. It is mainly resident, but some northern birds migrate ...
, ''Ixobrychus sinensis'' (A) *
Great blue heron The great blue heron (''Ardea herodias'') is a large wading bird in the heron family Ardeidae, common near the shores of open water and in wetlands over most of North America and Central America, as well as the Caribbean and the Galápagos ...
, ''Ardea herodias'' *
Gray heron The grey heron (''Ardea cinerea'') is a long-legged wading bird of the heron family, Ardeidae, native throughout temperate Europe and Asia and also parts of Africa. It is resident in much of its range, but some populations from the more northern ...
, ''Ardea cinerea'' (C) * Great egret, ''Ardea alba'' (C) * Intermediate egret, ''Ardea intermedia'' (A) * Chinese egret, ''Egretta eulophotes'' (A) * Little egret, ''Egretta garzetta'' (A) *
Snowy egret The snowy egret (''Egretta thula'') is a small white heron. The genus name comes from Provençal French for the little egret, , which is a diminutive of , 'heron'. The species name ''thula'' is the Araucano term for the black-necked swan, app ...
, ''Egretta thula'' (U) * Tricolored heron, ''Egretta tricolor'' (A) *
Cattle egret The cattle egret (''Bubulcus ibis'') is a cosmopolitan species of heron (family Ardeidae) found in the tropics, subtropics, and warm-temperate zones. It is the only member of the monotypic genus ''Bubulcus'', although some authorities regard it ...
, ''Bubulcus ibis'' (C) *
Chinese pond-heron The Chinese pond heron (''Ardeola bacchus'') is an East Asian freshwater bird of the heron family, (Ardeidae). It is one of six species of birds known as "pond herons" (genus '' Ardeola''). It is parapatric (or nearly so) with the Indian pon ...
, ''Ardeola bacchus'' (C) *
Green heron The green heron (''Butorides virescens'') is a small heron of North and Central America. ''Butorides'' is from Middle English ''butor'' "bittern" and Ancient Greek ''-oides'', "resembling", and ''virescens'' is Latin for "greenish". It was long c ...
, ''Butorides virescens'' (A) *
Black-crowned night-heron The black-crowned night heron (''Nycticorax nycticorax''), or black-capped night heron, commonly shortened to just night heron in Eurasia, is a medium-sized heron found throughout a large part of the world, including parts of Europe, Asia, and ...
, ''Nycticorax nycticorax'' (C)


Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae The family Threskiornithidae includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings. Their bodies are elongated, the neck more so, with long legs. The bill is also long, curved downward in the ibises, straight and markedly flattened in the spoonbills. *
White-faced ibis The white-faced ibis (''Plegadis chihi'') is a wading bird in the ibis family, Threskiornithidae. This species breeds colonially in marshes, usually nesting in bushes or low trees. Its breeding range extends from the western United States south ...
, ''Plegadis chihi'' (A)


New World vultures

Order: CathartiformesFamily:
Cathartidae The New World vulture or condor family, Cathartidae, contains seven extant species in five genera. It includes five extant vultures and two extant condors found in warm and temperate areas of the Americas. The "New World" vultures were widespread ...
The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers, however, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses. * Turkey vulture, ''Cathartes aura'' (C)


Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesFamily:
Pandionidae ''Pandion'' is a genus of birds of prey, known as ospreys, the only genus of family Pandionidae. Most taxonomic treatments have regarded this genus as describing a single extant species, separated to subspecies or races, while some treatments rec ...
Pandionidae is a monotypic family of fish-eating birds of prey. Its single species possesses a very large and powerful hooked beak, strong legs, strong talons, and keen eyesight. * Osprey, ''Pandion haliaetus''


Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. * Golden eagle, ''Aquila chrysaetos'' *
Northern harrier The northern harrier (''Circus hudsonius''), or ring-tailed hawk, is a bird of prey. It breeds throughout the northern parts of the northern hemisphere in Canada and the northernmost USA. The northern harrier migrates to more southerly areas ...
, ''Circus hudsonius'' * Chinese sparrowhawk, ''Accipiter soloensis'' (U) *
Eurasian sparrowhawk The Eurasian sparrowhawk (''Accipiter nisus''), also known as the northern sparrowhawk or simply the sparrowhawk, is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. Adult male Eurasian sparrowhawks have bluish grey upperparts and orange-barred ...
, ''Accipiter nisus'' (U) (This species is not on the AOS ''Check-list'') * Sharp-shinned hawk, ''Accipiter striatus'' * Cooper's hawk, ''Accipiter cooperii'' (U) * Eurasian goshawk, ''Accipiter gentilis'' (A) *
American goshawk The American goshawk (''Astur atricapillus'') is a species of raptor (bird), raptor in the family Accipitridae. It was first described by Alexander Wilson (ornithologist), Alexander Wilson in 1812. The American goshawk was previously considered c ...
, ''Accipiter atricapillus'' * Black kite, ''Milvus migrans'' (A) *
Bald eagle The bald eagle (''Haliaeetus leucocephalus'') is a bird of prey found in North America. A sea eagle, it has two known subspecies and forms a species pair with the white-tailed eagle (''Haliaeetus albicilla''), which occupies the same niche as ...
, ''Haliaeetus leucocephalus'' * White-tailed eagle, ''Haliaeetus albicilla'' (C) *
Steller's sea-eagle Steller's sea eagle (''Haliaeetus pelagicus''), also known as Pacific sea eagle or white-shouldered eagle, is a very large diurnal bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. It was described first by Peter Simon Pallas in 1811. No subspecies are r ...
, ''Haliaeetus pelagicus'' (C) * Swainson's hawk, ''Buteo swainsoni'' (R) * Red-tailed hawk, ''Buteo jamaicensis'' *
Rough-legged hawk The rough-legged buzzard or rough-legged hawk (''Buteo lagopus'') is a medium-large bird of prey. It is found in Arctic and Subarctic regions of North America, Europe, and Russia during the breeding season and migrates south for the winter. It ...
, ''Buteo lagopus'' * Long-legged buzzard, ''Buteo rufinus'' (A)


Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. *
Oriental scops-owl The oriental scops owl (''Otus sunia'') is a species of scops owl found in eastern and southern Asia. Description This is a small, variably plumaged, yellow-eyed owl with ear-tufts which are not always erect. It can be distinguished from the co ...
, ''Otus sunia'' (A) * Western screech-owl, ''Megascops kennicottii'' (R) * Great horned owl, ''Bubo virginianus'' * Snowy owl, ''Bubo scandiacus'' * Northern hawk owl, ''Surnia ulula'' *
Northern pygmy-owl The northern pygmy owl (''Glaucidium californicum'') is a small owl native to western North America. Taxonomy Some taxonomic authorities, including the International Ornithologists' Union, separate this species from the mountain pygmy owl, th ...
, ''Glaucidium gnoma'' (R) * Barred owl, ''Strix varia'' *
Great gray owl The great grey owl (''Strix nebulosa'') (also great gray owl in American English) is a very large owl, documented as the world's largest species of owl by length. It is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere, and it is the only species in th ...
, ''Strix nebulosa'' * Long-eared owl, ''Asio otus'' (C) *
Short-eared owl The short-eared owl (''Asio flammeus'') is a widespread grassland species in the family Strigidae. Owls belonging to genus ''Asio'' are known as the eared owls, as they have tufts of feathers resembling mammalian ears. These "ear" tufts may or ...
, ''Asio flammeus'' * Boreal owl, ''Aegolius funereus'' * Northern saw-whet owl, ''Aegolius acadicus'' * Northern boobook, ''Ninox japonica'' (A)


Hoopoes

Order: UpupiformesFamily: Upupidae This black, white and pink bird is quite unmistakable, especially in its erratic flight, which is like that of a giant butterfly. It is the only member of its family. The song is a trisyllabic ''oop-oop-oop'', which gives rise to its English and scientific names. * Eurasian hoopoe, ''Upupa epops'' (A)


Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. *
Belted kingfisher The belted kingfisher (''Megaceryle alcyon'') is a large, conspicuous water kingfisher, native to North America. All kingfishers were formerly placed in one family, Alcedinidae, but recent research suggests that this should be divided into three ...
, ''Megaceryle alcyon''


Woodpeckers

Order: PiciformesFamily:
Picidae Woodpeckers are part of the bird family Picidae, which also includes the piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions. M ...
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. *
Eurasian wryneck The Eurasian wryneck or northern wryneck (''Jynx torquilla'') is a species of wryneck in the woodpecker family. This species mainly breeds in temperate regions of Europe and Asia. Most populations are migratory, wintering in tropical Africa and ...
, ''Jynx torquilla'' (C) * Lewis's woodpecker, ''Melanerpes lewis'' (A) *
Yellow-bellied sapsucker The yellow-bellied sapsucker (''Sphyrapicus varius'') is a medium-sized woodpecker that breeds in Canada and the northeastern United States. Taxonomy The yellow-bellied sapsucker was described and illustrated using a hand-coloured plate by the E ...
, ''Sphyrapicus varius'' (R) *
Red-breasted sapsucker The red-breasted sapsucker (''Sphyrapicus ruber'') is a medium-sized woodpecker of the forests of the west coast of North America. Description Adults have a red head and upper chest; they have a white lower belly and rump. They are black on the ...
, ''Sphyrapicus ruber'' *
American three-toed woodpecker The American three-toed woodpecker (''Picoides dorsalis'') is a medium-sized woodpecker (family Picidae), which is native to North America. Description This woodpecker has a length of , a wingspan of , and an average weight of ; its maximum li ...
, ''Picoides dorsalis'' *
Black-backed woodpecker The black-backed woodpecker (''Picoides arcticus''), also known as the Arctic three-toed woodpecker, is a medium-sized woodpecker ( long) inhabiting the forests of North America. Taxonomy The black-backed woodpecker was described and illustrat ...
, ''Picoides arcticus'' *
Great spotted woodpecker The great spotted woodpecker (''Dendrocopos major'') is a medium-sized woodpecker with pied black and white plumage and a red patch on the lower belly. Males and young birds also have red markings on the neck or head. This species is found acros ...
, ''Dendrocopos major'' (C) * Downy woodpecker, ''Dryobates pubescens'' *
Hairy woodpecker The hairy woodpecker (''Leuconotopicus villosus'') is a medium-sized woodpecker that is found over a large area of North America. It is approximately in length with a wingspan. With an estimated population in 2020 of almost nine million individ ...
, ''Dryobates villosus'' *
Northern flicker The northern flicker or common flicker (''Colaptes auratus'') is a medium-sized bird of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, and the Cayman Islands, and is one of the few woodpecker spec ...
, ''Colaptes auratus'' * Pileated woodpecker, ''Dryocopus pileatus'' (U)


Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily:
Falconidae The falcons and caracaras are around 60 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family is divided into three subfamilies, Herpetotherinae, which inclu ...
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons. *
Eurasian kestrel The common kestrel (''Falco tinnunculus'') is a bird of prey species belonging to the kestrel group of the falcon family Falconidae. It is also known as the European kestrel, Eurasian kestrel, or Old World kestrel. In the United Kingdom, where no ...
, ''Falco tinnunculus'' (C) * American kestrel, ''Falco sparverius'' *
Merlin Merlin ( cy, Myrddin, kw, Marzhin, br, Merzhin) is a mythical figure prominently featured in the legend of King Arthur and best known as a mage, with several other main roles. His usual depiction, based on an amalgamation of historic and le ...
, ''Falco columbarius'' * Eurasian hobby, ''Falco subbuteo'' (C) * Gyrfalcon, ''Falco rusticolus'' *
Peregrine falcon The peregrine falcon (''Falco peregrinus''), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan bird of prey (Bird of prey, raptor) in the family (biology), family Falco ...
, ''Falco peregrinus''


Tyrant flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tyrannidae Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous. * Ash-throated flycatcher, ''Myiarchus cinerascens'' (A) * Great crested flycatcher, ''Myiarchus crinitus'' (C) * Tropical kingbird, ''Tyrannus melancholicus'' (C) * Western kingbird, ''Tyrannus verticalis'' (C) * Eastern kingbird, ''Tyrannus tyrannus'' (C) * Scissor-tailed flycatcher, ''Tyrannus forficatus'' (C) *
Olive-sided flycatcher The olive-sided flycatcher (''Contopus cooperi'') is a small to medium sized passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the Tyrant flycatcher family. It is a migratory species that travels from South to North America to breed during the summer. It ...
, ''Contopus cooperi'' *
Western wood-pewee The western wood pewee (''Contopus sordidulus'') is a small tyrant flycatcher. Adults are gray-olive on the upperparts with light underparts, washed with olive on the breast. They have two wing bars and a dark bill with yellow at the base of the ...
, ''Contopus sordidulus'' *
Yellow-bellied flycatcher The yellow-bellied flycatcher (''Empidonax flaviventris'') is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. Description Adults have greenish upperparts and yellowish underparts (especially on the throat), with a dusky wash on the ...
, ''Empidonax flaviventris'' (R) *
Alder flycatcher The alder flycatcher (''Empidonax alnorum'') is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. The genus name ''Empidonax'' is from Ancient Greek ''empis'', "gnat", and ''anax'', "master". The specific ''alnorum'' is Latin and means ...
, ''Empidonax alnorum'' *
Willow flycatcher The willow flycatcher (''Empidonax traillii'') is a small insect-eating, neotropical migrant bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. There are four subspecies of the willow flycatcher currently recognized, all of which breed in North America (inc ...
, ''Empidonax traillii'' (C) *
Least flycatcher The least flycatcher (''Empidonax minimus'') (also called chebec, or chebecker, after the sound it makes) is a small insect-eating bird. It is the smallest ''Empidonax'' flycatcher in eastern North America. Taxonomy The closest relative to the ...
, ''Empidonax minimus'' (R) *
Hammond's flycatcher Hammond's flycatcher (''Empidonax hammondii'') is a flycatcher in the family Tyrannidae. This small insectivorous bird inhabits the coniferous and mixed forests of western North America. The name of this bird commemorates William Alexander Hammon ...
, ''Empidonax hammondii'' * Dusky flycatcher, ''Empidonax oberholseri'' (C) *
Western flycatcher The western flycatcher (''Empidonax difficilis'') is a small insectivorous bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is native to western North America, where it breeds in the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Coast forests and mountain ranges from California ...
, ''Empidonax difficilis'' *
Black phoebe The black phoebe (''Sayornis nigricans'') is a passerine bird in the tyrant-flycatcher family. It breeds from southwest Oregon and California south through Central and South America. It occurs year-round throughout most of its range and migrates ...
, ''Sayornis nigricans'' (A) *
Eastern phoebe The eastern phoebe (''Sayornis phoebe'') is a small passerine bird. The genus name ''Sayornis'' is constructed from the specific part of Charles Lucien Bonaparte's name for Say's phoebe, ''Muscicapa saya'', and Ancient Greek ''ornis'', "bird". ...
, ''Sayornis phoebe'' (C) *
Say's phoebe Say's phoebe (''Sayornis saya'') is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. A common bird across western North America, it prefers dry, desolate areas. This bird was named for Thomas Say, the American naturalist. Taxonomy Say's phoebe ...
, ''Sayornis saya''


Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills. *
Cassin's vireo Cassin's vireo (''Vireo cassinii'') is a small North American songbird, ranging from southern British Columbia in Canada through the western coastal states of the United States. This bird migrates, spending the winter from southern Arizona (th ...
, ''Vireo cassinii'' (R) *
Blue-headed vireo The blue-headed vireo (''Vireo solitarius'') is a Neotropical migrating song bird found in North and Central America. There are currently two recognized subspecies that belong to the blue-headed vireo. It has a range that extends across Canada an ...
, ''Vireo solitarius'' (A) *
Philadelphia vireo The Philadelphia vireo (''Vireo philadelphicus'') is a small North American songbird in the vireo family (''Vireonidae''). "Vireo" is a Latin word referring to a green migratory bird, perhaps the female golden oriole, possibly the European green ...
, ''Vireo philadelphicus'' (C) *
Warbling vireo The warbling vireo (''Vireo gilvus'') is a small North American songbird. Its breeding habitat is open deciduous and mixed woods from Alaska to Mexico and the Florida Panhandle. It often nests in widely spaced trees, often cottonwood or aspen, ...
, ''Vireo gilvus'' *
Red-eyed vireo The red-eyed vireo (''Vireo olivaceus'') is a small American songbird. It is somewhat warbler-like but not closely related to the New World warblers (Parulidae). Common across its vast range, this species is not considered threatened by the IUCN. ...
, ''Vireo olivaceus'' (C)


Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey. * Brown shrike, ''Lanius cristatus'' (C) * Red-backed shrike, ''Lanius collurio'' (A) * Northern shrike, ''Lanius borealis''


Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence. *
Canada jay The Canada jay (''Perisoreus canadensis''), also known as the gray jay, grey jay, camp robber, or whisky jack, is a passerine bird of the family Corvidae. It is found in boreal forests of North America north to the tree line, and in the Rock ...
, ''Perisoreus canadensis'' *
Steller's jay Steller's jay (''Cyanocitta stelleri'') is a bird native to western North America and the mountains of Central America, closely related to the blue jay found in eastern North America. It is also known as the long-crested jay, mountain jay, and pin ...
, ''Cyanocitta stelleri'' * Clark's nutcracker, ''Nucifraga columbiana'' (C) *
Black-billed magpie The black-billed magpie (''Pica hudsonia''), also known as the American magpie, is a bird in the corvid family found in the western half of North America. It is black and white, with black areas on the wings and tail showing iridescent hints o ...
, ''Pica hudsonia'' * American crow, ''Corvus brachyrhynchos'' * Common raven, ''Corvus corax''


Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. * Black-capped chickadee, ''Poecile atricapilla'' * Mountain chickadee, ''Poecile gambeli'' (C) *
Chestnut-backed chickadee The chestnut-backed chickadee (''Poecile rufescens''), formerly ''Parus rufescens'', is a small passerine bird in the tit family, Paridae. It is found in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and western Canada, from southern Alaska to sout ...
, ''Poecile rufescens'' * Boreal chickadee, ''Poecile hudsonica'' * Gray-headed chickadee, ''Poecile cinctus'' * Great tit, ''Parus major'' (U) (This species is not on the AOS ''Check-list'')


Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. * Eurasian skylark, ''Alauda arvensis'' (R) * Horned lark, ''Eremophila alpestris''


Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa. *
Thick-billed warbler The thick-billed warbler (''Arundinax aedon'') breeds in the temperate east Palearctic, from south Siberia to west Mongolia. It is migratory, wintering in tropical South Asia and South-east Asia. It is a very rare vagrant to western Europe. Th ...
, ''Arundinax aedon'' (A) * Sedge warbler, ''Acrocephalus schoenobaenus'' (A) *
Icterine warbler The icterine warbler (''Hippolais icterina'') is an Old World warbler in the tree warbler genus ''Hippolais''. It breeds in mainland Europe except the southwest, where it is replaced by its western counterpart, the melodious warbler. It is migr ...
, ''Acrocephalus icterina'' (A) * Blyth's reed warbler, ''Acrocephalus dumetorum'' (A)


Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Locustellidae Locustellidae is a newly recognized family of small insectivorous songbirds ("warblers"), formerly placed in the Old World warbler "wastebin" family. It contains the grass warblers, grassbirds, and the ''Bradypterus'' "bush warblers". These bird ...
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over. *
Pallas's grasshopper warbler Pallas's grasshopper warbler (''Helopsaltes certhiola''), also known as the rusty-rumped warbler, is an Old World warbler in the grass warbler genus ''Helopsaltes''. It breeds in the eastern Palearctic: from the Altai Mountains, Mongolia and Tra ...
, ''Helopsaltes certhiola'' (A) *
Middendorff's grasshopper warbler The Middendorff's grasshopper warbler (''Helopsaltes ochotensis'') is a species of Old World warbler in the family Locustellidae. It breeds in eastern Siberia to northern Japan, Kamchatka Peninsula and northern Kuril Islands. It winters in the Phi ...
, ''Helosaltes ochotensis'' (C) *
Lanceolated warbler The lanceolated warbler (''Locustella lanceolata'') is an Old World warbler in the grass warbler genus ''Locustella''. It breeds from northeast European Russia across the Palearctic to northern Hokkaidō, Japan. It is migratory, wintering in ...
, ''Locustella lanceolata'' (C) *
River warbler The river warbler (''Locustella fluviatilis'') is an Old World warbler in the grass warbler genus ''Locustella''. It breeds in eastern and central Europe, and into the western Palearctic. It is migratory, wintering in inland southern Africa, f ...
, ''Locustella fluviatilis'' (A)


Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae The family Hirundinidae is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. These adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and short bills with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. * Bank swallow, ''Riparia riparia'' *
Tree swallow The tree swallow (''Tachycineta bicolor'') is a migratory bird of the family Hirundinidae. Found in the Americas, the tree swallow was first described in 1807 by French ornithologist Louis Vieillot as ''Hirundo bicolor''. It has since been mov ...
, ''Tachycineta bicolor'' *
Violet-green swallow The violet-green swallow (''Tachycineta thalassina'') is a small North American passerine bird in the Hirundinidae, swallow family. These aerial insectivores are distributed along the west coast from Alaska to Mexico, extending as far east as Mon ...
, ''Tachycineta thalassina'' *
Northern rough-winged swallow The northern rough-winged swallow (''Stelgidopteryx serripennis'') is a small, migratory swallow. It is very similar to the southern rough-winged swallow, ''Stelgidopteryx ruficollis''. Taxonomy and etymology The genus name, ''Stelgidopteryx'' ...
, ''Stelgidopteryx serripennis'' (R) *
Purple martin The purple martin (''Progne subis'') is a passerine bird in the swallow family Hirundinidae. It is the largest swallow in North America. Despite its name, the purple martin is not truly purple. The dark blackish-blue feathers have an iridescent s ...
, ''Progne subis'' (C) * Barn swallow, ''Hirundo rustica'' *
Cliff swallow The cliff swallow or American cliff swallow (''Petrochelidon pyrrhonota'') is a member of the passerine bird family Hirundinidae, the swallows and martins. The generic name ''Petrochelidon'' is derived from Ancient Greek ''petros'' meaning "roc ...
, ''Petrochelidon pyrrhonota'' *
Common house-martin Common may refer to: Places * Common, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland * Boston Common, a central public park in Boston, Massachusetts * Cambridge Common, common land area in Cambridge, Massachusetts * Clapham Common, originally com ...
, ''Delichon urbicum'' (C)


Leaf warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The Arctic warbler breeds east into Alaska. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with grayish-green to grayish-brown colors. *
Willow warbler The willow warbler (''Phylloscopus trochilus'') is a very common and widespread leaf warbler which breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe and the Palearctic, from Ireland east to the Anadyr River basin in eastern Siberia. It is strongly ...
, ''Phylloscopus trochilus'' (C) *
Common chiffchaff The common chiffchaff (''Phylloscopus collybita''), or simply the chiffchaff, is a common and widespread leaf warbler which breeds in open woodlands throughout northern and temperate Europe and the Palearctic. It is a migratory passerine which ...
, ''Phylloscopus collybita'' (C) * Wood warbler, ''Phylloscopus sibilatrix'' (C) * Dusky warbler, ''Phylloscopus fuscatus'' (C) * Pallas's leaf warbler, ''Phylloscopus proregulus'' (A) * Yellow-browed warbler, ''Phylloscopus inornatus'' (C) *
Arctic warbler The Arctic warbler (''Phylloscopus borealis'') is a widespread leaf warbler in birch or mixed birch forest near water throughout its breeding range in Fennoscandia and the northern Palearctic. It has established a foothold in North America, b ...
, ''Phylloscopus borealis'' *
Kamchatka leaf warbler The Kamchatka leaf warbler (''Phylloscopus examinandus'') is a species of leaf warbler (family Phylloscopidae). It was formerly included in the "Old World warbler" assemblage. It is closely related to the Arctic warbler and the Japanese leaf warb ...
, ''Phylloscopus examinandus'' (C)


Sylviid Warblers, parrotbills, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia, and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. *
Lesser whitethroat The lesser whitethroat (''Curruca curruca'') is a common and widespread typical warbler which breeds in temperate Europe, except the southwest, and in the western and central Palearctic. This small passerine bird is strongly migratory, winteri ...
, ''Sylvia curruca'' (A)


Kinglets

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Regulidae A kinglet is a small bird in the family Regulidae. Species in this family were formerly classified with the Old World warblers. "Regulidae" is derived from the Latin word ''regulus'' for "petty king" or prince, and refers to the coloured crowns ...
The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their names. * Ruby-crowned kinglet, ''Corthylio calendula'' * Golden-crowned kinglet, ''Regulus satrapa''


Waxwings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. * Bohemian waxwing, ''Bombycilla garrulus'' * Cedar waxwing, ''Bombycilla cedrorum''


Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Sittidae The nuthatches () constitute a genus, ''Sitta'', of small passerine birds belonging to the family Sittidae. Characterised by large heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet, nuthatches advertise their territory using loud, simple songs. Mo ...
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet. * Red-breasted nuthatch, ''Sitta canadensis''


Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. * Brown creeper, ''Certhia americana''


Wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. *
Rock wren The rock wren (''Salpinctes obsoletus'') is a small songbird of the wren family native to western North America, Mexico and Central America. It is the only species in the genus ''Salpinctes''. Description Measurements: * Length: 4.9-5.9 i ...
, ''Salpinctes obsoletus'' (A) *
Pacific wren The Pacific wren (''Troglodytes pacificus'') is a very small North American bird and a member of the mainly New World wren family Troglodytidae. It was once lumped with '' Troglodytes hiemalis'' of eastern North America and '' Troglodytes trogl ...
, ''Troglodytes pacificus'' * Marsh wren, ''Cistothorus palustris'' (A)


Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance. * Gray catbird, ''Dumetella carolinensis'' (C) * Brown thrasher, ''Toxostoma rufum'' (C) * Northern mockingbird, ''Mimus polyglottos'' (C)


Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are medium-sized passerines with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. * European starling, ''Sturnus vulgaris'' (Introduced to North America)


Dippers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae Dippers are small, stout, birds that feed in cold, fast moving streams. * American dipper, ''Cinclus mexicanus''


Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. * Mountain bluebird, ''Sialia currucoides'' (R) *
Townsend's solitaire Townsend's solitaire (''Myadestes townsendi'') is a medium-sized thrush, the only solitaire native to America north of Mexico. Range and habitat This solitaire ranges from southern Alaska, British Columbia and Alberta to northern Zacatecas in Me ...
, ''Myadestes townsendi'' *
Veery The veery (''Catharus fuscescens'') is a small North American Thrush (bird), thrush species, a member of a group of closely related and similar species in the genus ''Catharus'', also including the gray-cheeked thrush (''C. minimus''), Bicknell's ...
, ''Catharus fuscescens'' (C) *
Gray-cheeked thrush The grey-cheeked thrush (''Catharus minimus'') is a medium-sized thrush. This species is in length, and has the white-dark-white underwing pattern characteristic of ''Catharus'' thrushes. It is a member of a close-knit group of migrant species ...
, ''Catharus minimus'' *
Swainson's thrush Swainson's thrush (''Catharus ustulatus''), also called olive-backed thrush and russet-backed thrush, is a medium-sized thrush. It is a member of genus ''Catharus'' and is typical of it in terms of its subdued coloration and beautiful, ascending ...
, ''Catharus ustulatus'' * Hermit thrush, ''Catharus guttatus'' * Wood thrush, ''Hylocichla mustelina'' (A) *
Eyebrowed thrush The eyebrowed thrush (''Turdus obscurus'') is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. The scientific name comes from Latin ''Turdus'', "thrush" and ''obscurus'' "dark". It breeds in dense coniferous forest and taiga eastwards from Siberia and M ...
, ''Turdus obscurus'' (R) *
Dusky thrush The dusky thrush (''Turdus eunomus'') is a member of the thrush family which breeds eastwards from central Siberia to Kamchatka wintering to Japan, South China and Myanmar. It is closely related to the more southerly breeding Naumann's thrush ...
, ''Turdus eunomus'' (C) *
Naumann's thrush Naumann's thrush (''Turdus naumanni'') is a member of the Thrush (bird), thrush family Turdidae which breeds eastwards from central Siberia to North Manchuria, Amurland and Sakhalin. It is closely related to the more northerly breeding dusky thru ...
, ''Turdus naumanni'' (U) * Fieldfare, ''Turdus pilaris'' (A) * Redwing, ''Turdus iliacus'' (A) *
Song thrush The song thrush (''Turdus philomelos'') is a Thrush (bird), thrush that breeds across the West Palearctic. It has brown upper-parts and black-spotted cream or buff underparts and has three recognised subspecies. Its distinctive Birdsong, song, ...
, ''Turdys philomelos'' (A) *
American robin The American robin (''Turdus migratorius'') is a migratory bird of the true thrush genus and Turdidae, the wider thrush family. It is named after the European robin because of its reddish-orange breast, though the two species are not closel ...
, ''Turdus migratorius'' *
Varied thrush The varied thrush (''Ixoreus naevius'') is a member of the thrush family, Turdidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Ixoreus''. Taxonomy The varied thrush was formally described by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin ...
, ''Ixoreus naevius''


Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae This a large family of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World. Most of the species below only occur in North America as vagrants. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. * Gray-streaked flycatcher, ''Muscicapa griseisticta'' (C) *
Asian brown flycatcher The Asian brown flycatcher (''Muscicapa dauurica'') is a small passerine bird in the flycatcher family Muscicapidae. The word ''Muscicapa'' comes from the Latin ''musca'', a fly and ''capere'', to catch. The specific ''dauurica'' refers to Dau ...
, ''Muscicapa dauurica'' (C) * Spotted flycatcher, ''Muscicapa striata'' (A) *
Dark-sided flycatcher The dark-sided flycatcher (''Muscicapa sibirica'') is a small passerine bird belonging to the genus ''Muscicapa'' in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It has a wide breeding distribution in the East Palearctic with northern birds m ...
, ''Muscicapa sibirica'' (C) *
Siberian blue robin The Siberian blue robin (''Larvivora cyane'') is a small passerine bird that was formerly classified as a member of the thrush family, Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to belong to the Old World flycatcher family, Muscicapidae. It ...
, ''Larvivora cyane'' (A) *
Rufous-tailed robin The rufous-tailed robin (''Larvivora sibilans'') is a small passerine bird. Its breeding range extends from southern Siberia and the Sea of Okhotsk to southern China and southeastern Asia. It has a number of alternative English names: pseudo ...
, ''Larvivora sibilans'' (C) * Bluethroat, ''Cyanecula svecica'' *
Siberian rubythroat The Siberian rubythroat (''Calliope calliope'') is a small passerine bird first described by Peter Simon Pallas in 1776. It was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family, Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World ...
, ''Calliope calliope'' (R) *
Red-flanked bluetail The red-flanked bluetail (''Tarsiger cyanurus''), also known as the orange-flanked bush-robin, is a small passerine bird that was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World ...
, ''Tarsiger cyanurus'' (C) *
Narcissus flycatcher The narcissus flycatcher (''Ficedula narcissina'') is a passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family. It is native to the East Palearctic, from Sakhalin to the north, through Japan across through Korea, mainland China, and Taiwan, winter ...
, ''Ficedula narcissina'' (A) * Mugimaki flycatcher, ''Ficedula mugimaki'' (U) * Taiga flycatcher, ''Ficedula albicilla'' (C) *
Common redstart The common redstart (''Phoenicurus phoenicurus''), or often simply redstart, is a small passerine bird in the genus ''Phoenicurus''. Like its relatives, it was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family, (Turdidae), but is now known to be ...
, ''Phoenicurus phoenicurus'' (A) *
Stonechat ''Saxicola'' (Latin: ''saxum'', rock + ''incola'', dwelling in.), the stonechats or chats, is a genus of 15 species of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World. They are insectivores occurring in open scrubland and grassland with scatte ...
, ''Saxicola maurus'' (C) *
Rufous-tailed rock-thrush The common rock thrush (''Monticola saxatilis''), also known as rufous-tailed rock thrush or simply rock thrush, is a chat belonging to the family Muscicapidae. It was formerly placed in the family Turdidae. The scientific name is from Latin. ...
, ''Monticola saxatilis'' (A) * Northern wheatear, ''Oenanthe oenanthe'' *
Pied wheatear The pied wheatear (''Oenanthe pleschanka'') is a wheatear, a small insectivorous passerine bird that was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World flycatcher (family Musci ...
, ''Oenanthe pleschanka'' (A)


Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae The accentors are small, fairly drab birds with thin sharp bills superficially similar, but unrelated to, sparrows. They are endemic to the
Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...
and only appear in North America as a vagrant. * Siberian accentor, ''Prunella montanella'' (C)


Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects. *
House sparrow The house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae, found in most parts of the world. It is a small bird that has a typical length of and a mass of . Females and young birds are coloured pale brown and grey, a ...
, ''Passer domesticus'' (C) (Introduced to North America)


Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Motacillidae The wagtails, longclaws, and pipits are a family, Motacillidae, of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. Around 70 species occur in five genera. The longclaws are entirely restricted to the Afrotropics, and the wagtails are predominan ...
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country. *
Eastern yellow wagtail The eastern yellow wagtail (''Motacilla tschutschensis'') is a small passerine in the wagtail family Motacillidae, which also includes the pipits and longclaws. It was often classified as a subspecies of the Western yellow wagtail. This species ...
, ''Motacilla tschutschensis'' *
Gray wagtail The grey wagtail (''Motacilla cinerea'') is a member of the wagtail family, Motacillidae, measuring around 18–19 cm overall length. The species looks somewhat similar to the yellow wagtail but has the yellow on its underside restricted to ...
, ''Motacilla cinerea'' (C) * White wagtail, ''Motacilla alba'' (R) * Tree pipit, ''Anthus trivialis'' (C) *
Olive-backed pipit The olive-backed pipit (''Anthus hodgsoni'') is a small passerine bird of the pipit (''Anthus'') genus, which breeds across southern, north central and eastern Asia, as well as in the north-eastern European Russia. It is a long-distance migrant ...
, ''Anthus hodgsoni'' (C) *
Pechora pipit The Pechora pipit (''Anthus gustavi'') is a small passerine bird which breeds in the East Palearctic tundra and densely vegetated areas near river banks ranges from the Pechora River to the Chukchi Peninsula. It also breeds in Kamchatka and the ...
, ''Anthus gustavi'' (C) * Red-throated pipit, ''Anthus cervinus'' *
American pipit The buff-bellied pipit or American pipit (''Anthus rubescens'') is a small songbird found on both sides of the northern Pacific. It was first described by Marmaduke Tunstall in his 1771 ''Ornithologia Britannica''. It was formerly classified as a ...
, ''Anthus rubescens''


Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. * Brambling, ''Fringilla montifringilla'' *
Evening grosbeak The evening grosbeak (''Hesperiphona vespertina'') is a passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae found in North America. Taxonomy The IOC checklist and the ''Handbook of the Birds of the World'' place the evening grosbeak and the closel ...
, ''Coccothraustes vespertinus'' (C) *
Hawfinch The hawfinch (''Coccothraustes coccothraustes'') is a passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is the only species placed in the genus ''Coccothraustes''. Its closest living relatives are the Chinese grosbeak (''Eophona migratoria'') ...
, ''Coccothraustes coccothraustes'' (C) *
Common rosefinch The common rosefinch (''Carpodacus erythrinus'') or scarlet rosefinch is the most widespread and common rosefinch of Asia and Europe. Taxonomy In a molecular phylogenetic study of the finch family published in 2012, Zuccon and colleagues found t ...
, ''Carpodacus erythrinus'' (C) *
Pallas's rosefinch Pallas's rosefinch (''Carpodacus roseus'') is a species of bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is found in China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, and Russia. Birds are occasionally reported from further west and there are records fro ...
, ''Carpodacus roseus'' (A) * Pine grosbeak, ''Pinicola enucleator'' * Eurasian bullfinch, ''Pyrrhula pyrrhula'' (C) * Asian rosy-finch, ''Leucosticte tephrocotis'' (A) *
Gray-crowned rosy-finch The gray-crowned rosy finch or gray-crowned rosy-finch (''Leucosticte tephrocotis'') is a species of passerine bird in the family Fringillidae native to Alaska, western Canada, and the north-western United States. Due to its remote and rocky al ...
, ''Leucosticte tephrocotis'' *
House finch The house finch (''Haemorhous mexicanus'') is a bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is native to western North America and has been introduced to the eastern half of the continent and Hawaii. This species and the other two American rosef ...
, ''Haemorhous mexicanus'' (C) *
Purple finch The purple finch (''Haemorhous purpureus'') is a bird in the finch family, Fringillidae. Taxonomy This species and the other "American rosefinches" were formerly included with the rosefinches of Eurasia in the genus ''Carpodacus''; however, the ...
, ''Haemorhous purpureus'' (R) *
Cassin's finch Cassin's finch (''Haemorhous cassinii'') is a bird in the finch family, Fringillidae. This species and the other "American rosefinches" are placed in the genus ''Haemorhous''. Description Measurements: * Length: 6.3 in (16 cm) * Weight: 0.8-1 ...
, ''Haemorhous cassinii'' (C) * Oriental greenfinch, ''Chloris sinica'' (C) * Common redpoll, ''Acanthis flammea'' *
Hoary redpoll The Arctic redpoll or hoary redpoll (''Acanthis hornemanni'') is a bird species in the finch family Fringillidae. It breeds in tundra birch forest. It has two subspecies, ''A. h. hornemanni'' (Greenland or Hornemann's Arctic redpoll) of Greenlan ...
, ''Acanthis hornemanni'' *
Red crossbill The red crossbill or common crossbill (''Loxia curvirostra'') is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. Crossbills have distinctive mandibles, crossed at the tips, which enable them to extract seeds from conifer cones and other ...
, ''Loxia curvirostra'' *
White-winged crossbill The two-barred crossbill or white-winged crossbill (''Loxia leucoptera'') is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. Etymology The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. ''Loxia'' is from , "crosswise", and means "white-winged" ...
, ''Loxia leucoptera'' * Eurasian siskin, ''Spinus spinus'' (C) *
Pine siskin The pine siskin (''Spinus pinus'') is a North American bird in the finch family. It is a migratory bird with an extremely sporadic winter range. Taxonomy The pine siskin was formally described in 1810 by the American ornithologist Alexander ...
, ''Spinus pinus'' * American goldfinch, ''Spinus tristis'' (C)


Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas. * Lapland longspur, ''Calcarius lapponicus'' * Chestnut-collared longspur, ''Calcarius ornatus'' (U) *
Smith's longspur Smith's longspur (''Calcarius pictus'') is a bird from the family Calcariidae, which also contains the other species of longspurs. A bird of open habitats, it breeds in northern Canada and Alaska, and winters in the southern United States. Primar ...
, ''Calcarius pictus'' * Snow bunting, ''Plectrophenax nivalis'' *
McKay's bunting McKay's bunting (''Plectrophenax hyperboreus'') is a passerine bird in the longspur family Calcariidae. It is most closely related to the snow bunting (''P. nivalis''). Hybrids between the two species have been observed, leading some authorities ...
, ''Plectrophenax hyperboreus'' (En)Montgomerie, R. and B. Lyon (2020). McKay's Bunting (Plectrophenax hyperboreus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.mckbun.01 Retrieved February 27, 2021.


Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae Emberizidae is a family of passerine birds containing a single genus. Until 2017, the New World sparrows (Passerellidae) were also considered part of this family. * Pine bunting, ''Emberiza leucocephalos'' (C) *
Yellow-browed bunting The yellow-browed bunting (''Emberiza chrysophrys'') is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern taxonomists from the finches (Fringillidae). The genus name ''Emberiza'' is from Old German ''Embrit ...
, ''Emberiza chrysophrys'' (A) *
Little bunting The little bunting (''Emberiza pusilla'') is a passerine bird belonging to the bunting family (Emberizidae). Taxonomy First described by Peter Simon Pallas in 1776, the little bunting is a monotypic species, with no geographical variation acros ...
, ''Emberiza pusilla'' (C) *
Rustic bunting The rustic bunting (''Emberiza rustica'') is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches, Fringillidae. The genus name ''Emberiza'' is from Old German ''Embritz'', a bunting. ...
, ''Emberiza rustica'' (R) *
Yellow-throated bunting The yellow-throated bunting (''Emberiza elegans''), also known as the elegant bunting, is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae. It is found in China, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Russia, and Taiwan. Its natural habitats are temperate forest ...
, ''Emberiza elegans'' (A) * Yellow-breasted bunting, ''Emberiza aureola'' (C) * Gray bunting, ''Emberiza variabilis'' (C) *
Pallas's bunting Pallas's reed bunting (''Emberiza pallasi''), also known as Pallas's bunting, is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches, Fringillidae. Taxonomy The bird family Emberizid ...
, ''Emberiza pallasi'' (C) * Reed bunting. ''Emberiza schoeniclus'' (C)


New World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns. * Lark sparrow, ''Chondestes grammacus'' (C) *
Chipping sparrow The chipping sparrow (''Spizella passerina'') is a species of New World sparrow, a passerine bird in the family Passerellidae. It is widespread, fairly tame, and common across most of its North American range. There are two subspecies, the east ...
, ''Spizella passerina'' * Clay-colored sparrow, ''Spizella pallida'' (C) *
Brewer's sparrow Brewer's sparrow (''Spizella breweri'') is a small, slim species of American sparrow in the family Passerellidae. This bird was named after the ornithologist Thomas Mayo Brewer. Description and systematics Adults have grey-brown backs and speck ...
, ''Spizella breweri'' (R) *
Fox sparrow The fox sparrow (''Passerella iliaca'') is a large New World sparrow. It is the only member of the genus ''Passerella'', although some authors split the species into four (see below). Taxonomy More specific information regarding plumage is avai ...
, ''Passerella iliaca'' *
American tree sparrow The American tree sparrow (''Spizelloides arborea''), also known as the winter sparrow, is a medium-sized New World sparrow. It had been classified under the genus ''Spizella'', but multilocus molecular evidence suggested placement in its own ge ...
, ''Spizelloides arborea'' * Dark-eyed junco, ''Junco hyemalis'' * White-crowned sparrow, ''Zonotrichia leucophrys'' *
Golden-crowned sparrow The golden-crowned sparrow (''Zonotrichia atricapilla'') is a large New World sparrow found in the western part of North America. Systematics The golden-crowned sparrow is one of five species in the genus ''Zonotrichia'', a group of large Americ ...
, ''Zonotrichia atricapilla'' *
Harris's sparrow Harris's sparrow (''Zonotrichia querula'') is a large sparrow. Their breeding habitat is the north part of central Canada (primarily the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, ranging slightly into northern Manitoba and Saskatchewan), making it C ...
, ''Zonotrichia querula'' (C) * White-throated sparrow, ''Zonotrichia albicollis'' (R) * Vesper sparrow, ''Pooecetes gramineus'' (A) *
LeConte's sparrow LeConte's sparrow (''Ammospiza leconteii'') is one of the smallest New World sparrow species in North America.Terres, J.K. (1980). The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds. New York: Alfred A. Knopf It is a very secretive bird th ...
, ''Ammospiza leconteii'' (A) *
Savannah sparrow The Savannah sparrow (''Passerculus sandwichensis'') is a small New World sparrow. It was the only member of the genus '' Passerculus'' and is typically the only widely accepted member. Comparison of mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and 3 sequ ...
, ''Passerculus sandwichensis'' * Song sparrow, ''Melospiza melodia'' *
Lincoln's sparrow Lincoln's sparrow (''Melospiza lincolnii'') is a small American sparrow, sparrow native to North America. It is a less common passerine bird that often stays hidden under thick ground cover, but can be distinguished by its sweet, wrenlike song. Li ...
, ''Melospiza lincolnii'' *
Swamp sparrow The swamp sparrow (''Melospiza georgiana'') is a medium-sized New World sparrow related to the song sparrow. Description Measurements: * Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm) * Weight: 0.5-0.8 oz (15-23 g) * Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm) ...
, ''Melospiza georgiana'' (R) * Spotted towhee, ''Pipilo maculatus'' (C)


Troupials and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Icteridae Icterids () or New World blackbirds make up a family, the Icteridae (), of small to medium-sized, often colorful, New World passerine birds. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. The ...
The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. * Yellow-headed blackbird, ''Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus'' (C) * Bobolink, ''Dolichonyx oryzivorus'' (C) * Western meadowlark, ''Sturnella neglecta'' (C) *
Orchard oriole The orchard oriole (''Icterus spurius'') is the smallest species of icterid. The subspecies of the Caribbean coast of Mexico, ''I. s. fuertesi'', is sometimes considered a separate species, the ochre oriole or Fuertes's oriole. Description Mea ...
, ''Icterus spurius'' (A) *
Hooded oriole The hooded oriole (''Icterus cucullatus'') is a medium-sized New World oriole. The male of this species ranges in color from a bright orange to a paler yellow, with a black back, face, tail and bib, with the wing containing two white bars. The fe ...
, ''Icterus cucullatus'' (A) * Bullock's oriole, ''Icterus bullockii'' (C) * Red-winged blackbird, ''Agelaius phoeniceus'' * Brown-headed cowbird, ''Molothrus ater'' (R) *
Rusty blackbird The rusty blackbird (''Euphagus carolinus'') is a medium-sized New World blackbird, closely related to grackles ("rusty grackle" is an older name for the species). It is a bird that prefers wet forested areas, breeding in the boreal forest and mu ...
, ''Euphagus carolinus'' *
Brewer's blackbird Brewer's blackbird (''Euphagus cyanocephalus'') is a medium-sized New World blackbird. It is named after the ornithologist Thomas Mayo Brewer. Description Adult males have black Feather, plumage with an iridescent purple head and neck and glo ...
, ''Euphagus cyanocephalus'' (C) * Common grackle, ''Quiscalus quiscula'' (C)


New World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae The wood-warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some like the ovenbird and the two
waterthrush The waterthrushes are a genus of New World warbler, ''Parkesia''. The genus was split from ''Seiurus'', which previously contained both waterthrush species and the ovenbird. When the genera split, the ovenbird was the only member left in ''Seiuru ...
es are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. * Ovenbird, ''Seiurus aurocapilla'' (C) *
Northern waterthrush The northern waterthrush (''Parkesia noveboracensis'') is a species of ground-feeding migratory New World warbler of the genus ''Parkesia''. It breeds in the northern part of North America in Canada and the northern United States including Alaska ...
, ''Parkesia noveboracensis'' * Black-and-white warbler, ''Mniotilta varia'' (C) *
Tennessee warbler The Tennessee warbler (''Leiothlypis peregrina'') is a New World warbler that breeds in eastern North America and winters in southern Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. The specific name ''peregrina'' is from Latin '' pe ...
, ''Leiothlypis peregrina'' (R) *
Orange-crowned warbler The orange-crowned warbler (''Leiothlypis celata'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Taxonomy The orange-crowned warbler was formally described in 1822 by the American zoologist Thomas Say under the binomial name ''Sylvia c ...
, ''Leiothlypis celata'' * Nashville warbler, ''Leiothlypis ruficapilla'' (C) * MacGillivray's warbler, ''Geothlypis tolmiei'' *
Mourning warbler The mourning warbler (''Geothlypis philadelphia'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Mourning warblers are native to eastern and central North America as well as some countries in Central America.Gough, G.A., Sauer, J.R. ''Patu ...
, ''Geothlypis philadelphia'' (C) * Kentucky warbler, ''Geothlypis formosa'' (U) *
Common yellowthroat The common yellowthroat (''Geothlypis trichas'') is a New World warbler. In the U.S. Midwest, it is also known as the yellow bandit. It is an abundant breeder in North America, ranging from southern Canada to central Mexico. The genus name ''Geot ...
, ''Geothlypis trichas'' * American redstart, ''Setophaga ruticilla'' *
Cape May warbler The Cape May warbler (''Setophaga tigrina'') is a species of New World warbler. It breeds in northern North America. Its breeding range spans all but the westernmost parts of southern Canada, the Great Lakes region, and New England. It is migrat ...
, ''Setophaga tigrina'' (C) * Northern parula, ''Setophaga americana'' (A) *
Magnolia warbler The magnolia warbler (''Setophaga magnolia'') is a member of the wood warbler family Parulidae. Etymology The genus name ''Setophaga'' is from Ancient Greek ''ses'', "moth", and ', "eating", and the specific ''magnolia'' refers to the type lo ...
, ''Setophaga magnolia'' (C) * Bay-breasted warbler, ''Setophaga castanea'' (A) *
Yellow warbler The yellow warbler (''Setophaga petechia'') is a New World warbler species. Yellow warblers are the most widespread species in the diverse genus ''Setophaga'', breeding in almost the whole of North America, the Caribbean, and down to northern S ...
, ''Setophaga petechia'' * Chestnut-sided warbler, ''Setophaga pensylvanica'' (C) * Blackpoll warbler, ''Setophaga striata'' *
Black-throated blue warbler The black-throated blue warbler (''Setophaga caerulescens'') is a small passerine bird of the New World warbler family. Its breeding ranges are located in the interior of deciduous and mixed coniferous forests in eastern North America. Over the ...
, ''Setophaga caerulescens'' (A) *
Palm warbler The palm warbler (''Setophaga palmarum'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Description Measurements: * Length: * Weight: * Wingspan: Taxonomy The species comprises two distinct subspecies that may merit specific stat ...
, ''Setophaga palmarum'' (R) *
Yellow-rumped warbler The yellow-rumped warbler (''Setophaga coronata'') is a regular North American bird species that can be commonly observed all across the continent. Its extensive distribution range connects both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the U.S. as well ...
, ''Setophaga coronata'' * Yellow-throated warbler, ''Setophaga dominica'' (A) *
Prairie warbler The prairie warbler (''Setophaga discolor'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Description These birds have yellow underparts with dark streaks on the flanks, and olive overparts with rusty streaks on the back; they have a ye ...
, ''Setophaga discolor'' (A) * Black-throated gray warbler, ''Setophaga nigrescens'' (C) *
Townsend's warbler Townsend's warbler (''Setophaga townsendi'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Taxonomy Townsend's warbler was species description, formally described in 1837 by the American naturalist John Kirk Townsend under the binomial nam ...
, ''Setophaga townsendi'' *
Hermit warbler The hermit warbler (''Setophaga occidentalis'') is a small perching bird. It is a species of New World warbler or wood-warbler. They are a migratory bird, the breeding range spanning the majority of the west coast of the United States. Their wint ...
, ''Setophaga occidentalis'' (U) * Black-throated green warbler, ''Setophaga virens'' (A) * Canada warbler, ''Cardellina canadensis'' (A) *
Wilson's warbler Wilson's warbler (''Cardellina pusilla'') is a small New World warbler. It is greenish above and yellow below, with rounded wings and a long, slim tail. The male has a black crown patch; depending on the subspecies, that mark is reduced or absent ...
, ''Cardellina pusilla''


Cardinals and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae The cardinals are a family of robust seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. * Scarlet tanager, ''Piranga olivacea'' (A) *
Western tanager The western tanager (''Piranga ludoviciana''), is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family (Thraupidae), other members of its genus and it are classified in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). The species's plumag ...
, ''Piranga ludoviciana'' * Rose-breasted grosbeak, ''Pheucticus ludovicianus'' (C) * Black-headed grosbeak, ''Pheucticus melanocephalus'' (R) *
Blue grosbeak The blue grosbeak (''Passerina caerulea''), is a medium-sized North American passerine bird in the cardinal family Cardinalidae. It is mainly migratory, wintering in Central America and breeding in northern Mexico and the southern United States. ...
, ''Passerina caerulea'' (A) *
Lazuli bunting The lazuli bunting (''Passerina amoena'') is a North American songbird named for the gemstone lapis lazuli. Description Measurements: * Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm) * Weight: 0.5-0.6 oz (13-18 g) * Wingspan: 8.7 in (22 cm) The male i ...
, ''Passerina amoena'' (C) * Indigo bunting, ''Passerina cyanea'' (C) * Dickcissel, ''Spiza americana'' (A)


References


See also

*
List of birds of Denali National Park and Preserve This is a comprehensive listing of the bird species recorded in Denali National Park and Preserve, which is in the U.S. state of Alaska. Unless otherwise noted, this list is based on one published by the National Park Service (NPS) dated October ...
* List of birds of Kenai Fjords National Park *
List of birds of the Aleutian Islands The avifauna of the Aleutian Islands included 376 species according to Gibson and Byrd (2007), ''Bird Checklists of the World'' (Avibase), and the American Ornithological Society (AOS) as of March 2021. Of them, 44 (12%) are year-round residents ...
*
List of birds This article lists living orders and families of birds. The links below should then lead to family accounts and hence to individual species. The passerines (perching birds) alone account for well over 5,000 species. In total there are about 1 ...
* Lists of birds by region *
List of birds of North America The lists of birds in the light blue box below are divided by biological family. The lists are based on ''The AOS Check-list of North American Birds'' of the American Ornithological Society and ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' su ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Birds Of Alaska Alaska Lists of fauna of Alaska