The Norse people traveled abroad as

Viking Vikings ; non, víkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and se ...

s and

Varangian The Varangians (; non, Væringjar; gkm, Βάραγγοι, ''Várangoi'';Varangian
" Online Etymo ...

s. As such, they often named the locations and peoples they visited with

Old Norse Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian, is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their overseas settlemen ...

words unrelated to the local endonyms. Some of these names have been acquired from sagas,

runestone A runestone is typically a raised stone with a runic inscription, but the term can also be applied to inscriptions on boulders and on bedrock. The tradition began in the 4th century and lasted into the 12th century, but most of the runestones d ...

s or Byzantine chronicles.

List

A

; :

Aberdeen Aberdeen (; sco, Aiberdeen ; gd, Obar Dheathain ; la, Aberdonia) is a city in North East Scotland, and is the third most populous city in the country. Aberdeen is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas (as Aberdeen City), and ...

.Anderson, Joseph (Ed.) (1893) ''Orkneyinga Saga''. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. James Thin and Mercat Press (1990 reprint). ; :A Varangian fort near . ; :

Staraya Ladoga Staraya Ladoga (russian: Ста́рая Ла́дога, p=ˈstarəjə ˈladəɡə, lit=Old Ladoga), known as Ladoga until 1704, is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Volkhovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Volkhov River ne ...

in Russia. The hypothetical original Finnic name is ("lowland river"). ; :"water nymph island", "Erik's island". Eriska, Scotland. ; : "River home". A capital of the Goths, according to the Hervarar saga. ; :"East

skerry A skerry is a small rocky island, or islet, usually too small for human habitation. It may simply be a rocky reef. A skerry can also be called a low sea stack. A skerry may have vegetative life such as moss and small, hardy grasses. They ar ...

Auskerry Auskerry ( sco, Soond; non, Austrsker, east skerry) is a small island in eastern Orkney, Scotland. It lies in the North Sea south of Stronsay and has a lighthouse, completed in 1866. Description Auskerry is a small, flat, red sandstone islet, ...

, Orkney ; :"East way". The Baltic lands.

B

; :

Verona Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city municipality in the region and the second largest in nor ...

. ; Bertangaland :

Brittany Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period ...

. Mentioned in the

Þiðreks saga ''Þiðreks saga af Bern'' ('the saga of Þiðrekr of Bern', also ''Þiðrekssaga'', ''Þiðriks saga'', ''Niflunga saga'' or ''Vilkina saga'', with Anglicisations including ''Thidreksaga'') is an Old Norse chivalric saga centering the character ...

. ;

Bjarmaland Bjarmaland (also spelt ''Bjarmland'' and ''Bjarmia''; Latin: ''Biarmia''; Old English: ''Beormaland,'' Komi: Биармия ''Biarmia,'' Old Permic: 𐍑𐍙‎𐍐𐍒‎𐍜𐍙‎𐍐) was a territory mentioned in Norse sagas since the Vikin ...

:The southern shores of the

White Sea The White Sea (russian: Белое море, ''Béloye móre''; Karelian and fi, Vienanmeri, lit. Dvina Sea; yrk, Сэрако ямʼ, ''Serako yam'') is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is s ...

and the basin of the

Northern Dvina The Northern Dvina (russian: Се́верная Двина́, ; kv, Вы́нва / Výnva) is a river in northern Russia flowing through the Vologda Oblast and Arkhangelsk Oblast into the Dvina Bay of the White Sea. Along with the Pechora River ...

. Many historians assume the terms and to derive from the

Uralic The Uralic languages (; sometimes called Uralian languages ) form a language family of 38 languages spoken by approximately 25million people, predominantly in Northern Eurasia. The Uralic languages with the most native speakers are Hungarian (w ...

word ''

perm Perm or PERM may refer to: Places *Perm, Russia, a city in Russia ** Permsky District, the district **Perm Krai, a federal subject of Russia since 2005 **Perm Oblast, a former federal subject of Russia 1938–2005 **Perm Governorate, an administra ...

'', which refers to "travelling merchants" and represents the

Old Permic The Old Permic script ( kv, Важ Перым гижӧм, ), sometimes known by its initial 2 characters as Abur or Anbur, is a "highly idiosyncratic adaptation" of the Cyrillic script once used to write medieval Komi (a member of the Permic bran ...

culture. ; :"Bear islands". Possibly

Disko Island Disko Island ( kl, Qeqertarsuaq, da, Diskoøen) is a large island in Baffin Bay, off the west coast of Greenland. It has an area of ,blakumen or blökumenn :

Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Roman ...

(

Vlach "Vlach" ( or ), also "Wallachian" (and many other variants), is a historical term and exonym used from the Middle Ages until the Modern Era to designate mainly Romanians but also Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, Istro-Romanians and other Easter ...

s) or

Cumans The Cumans (or Kumans), also known as Polovtsians or Polovtsy (plural only, from the Russian exonym ), were a Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation. After the Mongol invasion (1237), many so ...

. Blokumannaland may be the lands south of the

Lower Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...

. ; :

Isle of Bute The Isle of Bute ( sco, Buit; gd, Eilean Bhòid or '), known as Bute (), is an island in the Firth of Clyde in Scotland, United Kingdom. It is divided into highland and lowland areas by the Highland Boundary Fault. Formerly a constituent is ...

, Scotland. ; Βουσεγραδε :

Vyshhorod Vyshhorod ( uk, Ви́шгород) is a city in Kyiv Oblast (region) in central Ukraine, situated immediately north of Kyiv city, the national capital, and part of the Kyiv metropolitan area. It is on the right (western) bank of the Dnieper r ...

; bretar :

Welsh people The Welsh ( cy, Cymry) are an ethnic group native to Wales. "Welsh people" applies to those who were born in Wales ( cy, Cymru) and to those who have Welsh ancestry, perceiving themselves or being perceived as sharing a cultural heritage and ...

D

; Danparstaþir :A river near Árheimar, according to the Hervarar saga. Identified by some as the

Dnieper } The Dnieper () or Dnipro (); , ; . is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. It is the longest river of Ukraine and ...

river. ; * :"Giant-lifted". Proposed etymology for

Dollywaggon Pike Dollywaggon Pike is a fell in the English Lake District. It stands on the main spine of the Helvellyn range in the Eastern Fells, between Thirlmere and the Ullswater catchment. Name The spelling ‘Dollywaggon’ is used on Ordnance Survey 1: ...

, England. A. Harry Griffin.

The Guardian ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Gu ...

, ''

Country Diary ''Country Diary'' is a daily natural history column in the English newspaper ''The Guardian'', first published in November 1906. It is also now freely available on the newspaper's website. Past and present contributors include Pete Bowler, Arnol ...

''. (4 July 1994). ; Dómisnes :

Cape Kolka , lv, Kolkasrags , type =Cape , photo = Kolkas rags.jpg , photo_width = , photo_alt = , photo_caption = Cape Kolka , map = Latvia , map_width = , map_caption = , m ...

in Latvia ; Dunheith : The plains of the

Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , p ...

E

; :"Eric's Isle".

Eriskay Eriskay ( gd, Èirisgeigh), from the Old Norse for "Eric's Isle", is an island and community council area of the Outer Hebrides in northern Scotland with a population of 143, as of the 2011 census. It lies between South Uist and Barra and is ...

, Scotland. ; * Elfeng, * Elfangr or * Elfing :"River flowing through boggy meadows". Elbląg river in Northwest Poland.

F

; Fetlafjørðr : Betanzos Estuary ; finnar : Sami people ;, :Related to ("spear"). The

Franks The Franks ( la, Franci or ) were a group of Germanic peoples whose name was first mentioned in 3rd-century Roman sources, and associated with tribes between the Lower Rhine and the Ems River, on the edge of the Roman Empire.H. Schutz: Tools, ...

and the

Frankish kingdom Francia, also called the Kingdom of the Franks ( la, Regnum Francorum), Frankish Kingdom, Frankland or Frankish Empire ( la, Imperium Francorum), was the largest post-Roman barbarian kingdom in Western Europe. It was ruled by the Franks duri ...

. ; Furðustrandir :"Wonderstrands". An uncertain stretch of coastline in North America.

G

;

Gandvik In Norse mythology, Gandvík is a dangerous sea, known as the "Bay of Serpents" because of its tortuous shape. The 12th-13th century Dane Saxo Grammaticus stated that Gandvik was an old name for the Baltic Sea (a name misspelt Grandvik in some t ...

:A dangerous sea, the

Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and ...

, the Gulf of Bothnia or the

. ;

Garðaríki (anglicized Gardariki or Gardarike) or is the Old Norse term used in medieval times for the states of Kievan Rus. As the Varangians dealt mainly with Northern Kievan Rus' lands, their sagas regard the city of (, Veliky Novgorod) as the capi ...

, Garðaveldi :"the kingdom of cities".

Kievan Rus Kievan Rusʹ, also known as Kyivan Rusʹ ( orv, , Rusĭ, or , , ; Old Norse: ''Garðaríki''), was a state in Eastern Europe, Eastern and Northern Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century.John Channon & Robert Hudson, ''Penguin Hist ...

; gryting :"greut-" may mean "gravel, grit, earth". The Ostrogoths, according to the Hervarar saga. ; Gutagard :The trading post of the merchants from

Visby Visby () is an urban area in Sweden and the seat of Gotland Municipality in Gotland County on the island of Gotland with 24,330 inhabitants . Visby is also the episcopal see for the Diocese of Visby. The Hanseatic city of Visby is arguably th ...

(in Gotland) in Veliky Novgorod.

H

; Haddingjar :Related to Old Icelandic ''haddr'' meaning "woman's hair". The

Hasdingi The Hasdingi were one of the Vandal peoples of the Roman era. The Vandals were Germanic peoples, who are believed to have spoken an East Germanic language, and were first reported during the first centuries of the Roman empire in the area which is ...

Vandals The Vandals were a Germanic people who first inhabited what is now southern Poland. They established Vandal kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean islands, and North Africa in the fifth century. The Vandals migrated to the area betw ...

. ; Harvaða fjöllum :The

Carpathians The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at and the Scandinavian Mountains at . The range stretches ...

. ; * Heiðabýr, ᚼᛅᛁᚦᛅ᛭ᛒᚢ :"Heath-settlement".

Hedeby Hedeby (, Old Norse ''Heiðabýr'', German ''Haithabu'') was an important Danish Viking Age (8th to the 11th centuries) trading settlement near the southern end of the Jutland Peninsula, now in the Schleswig-Flensburg district of Schleswig-Holst ...

, a Danish trading settlement in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. ;

Helluland Helluland () is the name given to one of the three lands, the others being Vinland and Markland, seen by Bjarni Herjólfsson, encountered by Leif Erikson and further explored by Thorfinn Karlsefni Thórdarson around AD 1000 on the North Atlantic ...

:"Land of Flat Rocks" or "Land of Flat Stones". The first of the three lands the Greenland Norse found in North America. According to a footnote in

Arthur Middleton Reeves Arthur Middleton Reeves (1856 – 1891) was an American author and philologist, known for his work related to Icelandic and Old Norse studies. Biography Arthur Middleton Reeves was born October 7, 1856 in Cincinnati, Ohio and spent his early chil ...

's ''The Norse Discovery of America'' (1906), "the whole of the northern coast of America, west of Greenland, was called by the ancient Icelandic geographers Helluland it Mikla, or "Great Helluland"; and the island of Newfoundland simply Helluland, or Litla Helluland." Most scholars agree that Helluland corresponds to Baffin Island in the present-day Canadian territory of Nunavut. ;, : Isle of Arran. ; :" hilt land". Shetland ; Hlymrekr :

Limerick Limerick ( ; ga, Luimneach ) is a western city in Ireland situated within County Limerick. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. With a population of 94,192 at the 2016 ...

; Hólmgarðr, Holmgarðir :"Island enclosure", the fortress of Rurikovo Gorodische near

Veliky Novgorod Veliky Novgorod ( rus, links=no, Великий Новгород, t=Great Newtown, p=vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət), also known as just Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the ...

. ; Hóp :A location in Vinland. ; Hreiðmarar : An uncertain sea mentioned in the

Rök runestone The Rök runestone ( sv, Rökstenen; Ög 136) is one of the most famous runestones, featuring the longest known runic inscription in stone. It can now be seen beside the church in Rök, Ödeshög Municipality, Östergötland, Sweden. It is co ...

. Since it is liked to

Theodoric the Great Theodoric (or Theoderic) the Great (454 – 30 August 526), also called Theodoric the Amal ( got, , *Þiudareiks; Greek: , romanized: ; Latin: ), was king of the Ostrogoths (471–526), and ruler of the independent Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy ...

, it should be the

Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the ...

. ;

Hunaland Hunaland and its people are mentioned several times in the Poetic Edda, and in the Fornaldarsagas. Its origins are partly the old Frankish kingdom (the Franks were once called ''Hugones'', in Latin, and ''Hūgas'' in Old English) and partly in the ...

:A legendary location, inspired by the

('' Hugones'' in Latin) and the

Huns The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th century AD. According to European tradition, they were first reported living east of the Volga River, in an area that was part ...

. ;

Hunding Hunding is a municipality in the district of Deggendorf in Bavaria in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, a ...

s :"Son of a dog". The

Longobards The Lombards () or Langobards ( la, Langobardi) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774. The medieval Lombard historian Paul the Deacon wrote in the ''History of the Lombards'' (written between 787 and ...

. ; Hvítramannaland :"White Men's Land". A land near Vinland. Also called Great Ireland.

I

; Íngulssund :"Strait by

Anglesey Anglesey (; cy, (Ynys) Môn ) is an island off the north-west coast of Wales. It forms a principal area known as the Isle of Anglesey, that includes Holy Island across the narrow Cymyran Strait and some islets and skerries. Anglesey island ...

", Menai Strait ; Írland hið mikla, Írland it mikla :"

Great Ireland Great Ireland ( Old Norse: ''Írland hit mikla'' or ''Írland it mikla''), also known as White Men's Land (''Hvítramannaland''), and in Latin similarly as ''Hibernia Major'' and ''Albania'', was a land said by various Norsemen to be located n ...

". A land near Vinland. Also called Hvítramannaland.

J

; Jakobsland :"Land of

James James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (disambiguati ...

". The land around

Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern Spain. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of S ...

. ; Jómsborg :Fortress of the

Jomsvikings The Jomsvikings were purportedly a legendary order of Viking mercenaries or conquerors of the 10th and 11th centuries. Though reputed to be staunchly dedicated to the worship of the Old Norse gods, they would allegedly fight for any lord who ...

in an uncertain location in Pomerania. ; Jórsalahaf :"sea of Jerusalem". The

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western Europe, Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa ...

. It is given as the location of ("

Narbonne Narbonne (, also , ; oc, Narbona ; la, Narbo ; Late Latin:) is a commune in Southern France in the Occitanie region. It lies from Paris in the Aude department, of which it is a sub-prefecture. It is located about from the shores of the ...

"). ; Jórsalir :

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

. It exhibits a re-interpretation of the second element as ''-'', denoting a hall or temple, common in Old Norse toponyms. ;

Jórvík Scandinavian York ( non, Jórvík) Viking Yorkshire or Norwegian York is a term used by historians for the south of Northumbria (modern-day Yorkshire) during the period of the late 9th century and first half of the 10th century, when it was do ...

York York is a cathedral city with Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. It is the historic county town of Yorkshire. The city has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a ...

K

; Karlsá :

Cádiz Cádiz (, , ) is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the Province of Cádiz, one of eight that make up the autonomous community of Andalusia. Cádiz, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, ...

; Kaup :"Purchase". A hill near

Mokhovoye, Kaliningrad Oblast Mokhovoye (russian: Мохово́е; german: Wiskiauten; lt, Viskiautai) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a settlement) in Zelenogradsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, less than 4 km from Zelenogradsk and fr ...

in Russia. ; :"islands of the merchants".

Copeland Islands The Copeland Islands is a group of three islands in the north Irish Sea, north of Donaghadee, County Down, Northern Ireland, consisting of Lighthouse Island (also known as Old Island), Copeland Island (also known as Big Island), and Mew Island. ...

, Northern Ireland. ; Kænugarðr, Kœnugarðr :"Boatyard".

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe. Kyi ...

. ;

Kjalarnes Kjalarnes () is the least populous district in the municipality of Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland, with a population of around 600 inhabitants. Overview Kjalarnes was an independent municipality, until it joined Reykjavík in 1998. It takes a ...

:"Keel point". A location in Vinland. ; Kænland,

Kvenland Kvenland, known as ''Cwenland'', ''Qwenland'', ''Kænland'', and similar terms in medieval sources, is an ancient name for an area in Fennoscandia and Scandinavia. Kvenland, in that or nearly that spelling, is known from an Old English account w ...

:A territory in Northern Finland or Northern Sweden. ; :"King's castle".

Cunningsburgh Cunningsburgh, formerly also known as Coningsburgh ( non, Konungsborgr meaning "King's castle"), is a hamlet and ancient parish in the south of Mainland, Shetland, Mainland, Shetland, Scotland. The hamlet is on the coast, nine miles south south w ...

, Shetland. ; :"Cross farm or cross roads, market place".

Crosby, Isle of Man Crosby ( on, Kross-bør – Cross farm or cross roads, market place) () is a small village located west of Douglas in the parish of Marown in the Isle of Man. Description The village of Crosby is situated in the center of the parish of Marown o ...

. ; kumrskar þjóðir :"Cumbrian people", the Strathclyde Britons. ; kylfingar :A people of uncertain origin active in Northern Europe.

L

; Langbarðaland :A Byzantine province in Southern Italy, formerly ruled by the

. The Varangian troops deployed there were remembered in the Italy runestones. ; Leifsbuðir :" Leif's temporary shelters". A settlement in Vinland. ; Ljóðhús :"song house"? Isle of Lewis in the United Kingdom.

M

; Madksjo : "Sea of worms". Sea near Vinland. ;

Markland Markland () is the name given to one of three lands on North America's Atlantic shore discovered by Leif Eriksson around 1000 AD. It was located south of Helluland and north of Vinland. Although it was never recorded to be settled by Norsemen, ...

:"Forest Land". A land south of Helluland in North America. ; Meginzuborg :

Mainz Mainz () is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Mainz is on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite to the place that the Main joins the Rhine. Downstream of the confluence, the Rhine flows to the north-west, with Ma ...

; Melansborg, Meilangsborg :

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

; Miklagarðr :"Big stronghold".

Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...

. ; * Miliniska, Μιλινισκα :

Smolensk Smolensk ( rus, Смоленск, p=smɐˈlʲensk, a=smolensk_ru.ogg) is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest ...

;Myrkviðr :"Dark wood"Simek (2007:224) or "black forest".Gentry (2002:101—102) The name of several European forests.

N

;Namsborg, Nancsaborg :Nantes ;Niflungaland :Related to mist. The land of the Nibelungs, the kingdom of the Burgundians. ;Njorvasund :The Strait of Gibraltar ;Norðreyjar :"Northern islands", Orkney and Shetland. ; *Nýgarðr :"New enclosure", a proposed etymology for

O

;Orkneyjar :"Seal islands". Orkney. ;Öxnafurða :"Oxen's ford". Oxford ;papar :Irish monks found by the Norsemen in Iceland and Faroe.

P

;Palteskja :After the Polota river. Polotsk in Belarus. ;Peituborg :Poitiers.

R

;Ráðstofa :Rostov ;Reidgotaland, Reidgothland, Reidgotland, Hreidgotaland or Hreiðgotaland :''Hreiðr'' can mean "bird's nest", but ''hreið-'' is also a name-prefix meaning "beautiful", "eager", "great", "famous", "noble". Another possibility is that it was originally ''reið'' "ride, journey". The same tribal name was used for the Gutes of Gotland. The identification of the territory varies between the sources: the island of Gotland, Götaland, the land of the Goths, i.e. Gothiscandza, Denmark and Sweden, Jutland. The Hreidgoths (''hraiðgutum'') may also be the Ostrogoths in south-eastern Europe. ;Rothemadum :Rothomagum, Rouen in the Haakon Haakonssøns saga. ; :"Roth (surname), Roth's island", "Rother's Isle" or a corruption of the Gaelic meaning "fort".

, Scotland. ;Rúðuborg, Rúða :Rouen

S

;Sandey :Iona ;saxar :Related to Proto-Germanic *''sahsą'' ("knife, dagger"). The Saxons. ;Saxelfr :"Saxon Elbe". The river Elbe. ; Saxland :"Land of the Saxons". Germany. ;Skarðaborg :"Fortified place of Thorgils Skarthi" or "gap hill". Scarborough, North Yorkshire. ;Seeburg :Grobiņa in Latvia. ;Seljupollar :A Guarda ;Serkland, Særkland, Srklant, Sirklant, Serklat :"Land of the Saracens". The Middle East, sometimes Georgia (country), Georgia. Mentioned in the Serkland Runestones. ; :Seine ;,"Haakon Haakonsøns Saga"
Norwegian translation by Peter Andreas Munch. saganet.is. Retrieved 3 June 2008., , or Murray (1966) ''The Hebrides''. p. 146. :"Misty isle", "cloud isle". Etymology of Skye, Skye, Scotland. ;''Skræling'' : From wiktionary:skrækja, skrækja, meaning "bawl, shout, or yell" or from , meaning "dried skin", in reference to the animal pelts worn by the Inuit. The name the Norse Greenlanders gave the previous Indigenous peoples of the Americas, inhabitants of North America and Thule culture, Greenland. ;Skuggifjord :Hudson Strait ;Straumfjörð :"Current-fjord", "Stream-fjord" or "Tide-fjord". A fjord in Vinland. Straumsey ("Current-isle") lies at the mouth of Straumfjörð. ;Suðreyjar :"Southern islands". Hebrides. ;Suðrvegr :"South way", Germany. ;Susat :Soest, Germany ;Súrsdalar :Suzdal

T

;Tarlungaland :Probably a corruption of ''Karlungaland'', i.e., the land of the Carolingians. ;Τελιουτζα :Liubech ;Túskaland :Touraine ;Tyrfing :The Thervingi Goths. ;Tyrvist :Tiree ;Τζερνιγωγα :Chernihiv

V

;Valland :"Land of the **Walhaz". Land of the Celtic language, Celtic- and Romance language, Romance-speaking peoples. ;Wendland (disambiguation), Vendland :"Land of the Wends". Slavic areas East from Lübeck. ;Vernisa :Worms, Germany. ;vestmenn :"Westmen", the Gaels of Ireland and Britain. ;Vikinglow, Wykynlo :Wicklow ;Vindau :Ventspils in Latvia. Named after the Venta River. ;Vineta :A mythical city in the Baltic of disputed location. ;Vínland :"Wine land", "pasture land". The area of coastal North America explored by Norse Vikings. ;Vitaholmr :"demarcation islet", Vytachiv

References

External links

Dictionary of Old Norse Prose
{{Exonyms per language Old Norse, Exonyms Exonyms, Old Norse

List

A

B

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

V

See also

References

External links