The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Kazakhstan: The

Republic of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekis ...

is a

landlocked A landlocked country is a country that does not have territory connected to an ocean or whose coastlines lie on endorheic basins. There are currently 44 landlocked countries and 4 landlocked de facto states. Kazakhstan is the world's largest ...

sovereign country A sovereign state or sovereign country, is a political entity represented by one central government that has supreme legitimate authority over territory. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined terri ...

located across both Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world as well as the world's largest

country, it has a territory of 2,727,300 km² (greater than Western Europe). It is bordered by Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

. The country also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. Vast in size, the land in Kazakhstan is very diverse in types of terrain: flatlands, steppes, taigas, rock-canyons, hills, deltas, mountains, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has the 62nd largest population in the world, with a population density of less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 per sq. mi.). Kazakhstan declared itself an independent country on December 16, 1991, the last Soviet republic to do so. Its communist-era leader, Nursultan Nazarbayev, became the country's new president. Since independence, Kazakhstan has pursued a balanced

foreign policy A State (polity), state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterall ...

and worked to develop its economy, especially its hydrocarbon industry. While the country's economic outlook is improving, President Nazarbayev maintains strict control over the country's politics. Several opposition leaders and journalists have been killed in recent years, and Western observers generally do not consider Kazakhstan's elections to be free and fair. Nevertheless, Kazakhstan's international prestige is building. It is now considered to be the dominant state in Central Asia.Medvedev Visit Underscores Kazakh Victory Over Uzbekistan For Regional Dominance
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty The country belongs to many international organizations, including the United Nations, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. In 2010, Kazakhstan will chair the

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization with observer status at the United Nations. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, prom ...

. In 2011, it formed a customs union with Russia and Belarus. Kazakhstan is ethnically and culturally diverse, in part due to the mass deportations of many ethnic groups to the country during

Stalin's Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secreta ...

rule. Kazakhs are the largest group, followed by Russians. Kazakhstan allows freedom of religion, and many different beliefs are represented in the country.

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

is the primary religion, followed by Orthodox Christianity. The official language is

Kazakh Kazakh, Qazaq or Kazakhstani may refer to: * Someone or something related to Kazakhstan *Kazakhs, an ethnic group *Kazakh language *The Kazakh Khanate * Kazakh cuisine * Qazakh Rayon, Azerbaijan *Qazax, Azerbaijan *Kazakh Uyezd, administrative dis ...

, though Russian is still commonly and most widely used for everyday communication.

General reference

* Pronunciation: * Common English country name: Kazakhstan * Official English country name: The

* Adjectives:

Kazakhs The Kazakhs (also spelled Qazaqs; Kazakh: , , , , , ; the English name is transliterated from Russian; russian: казахи) are a Turkic-speaking ethnic group native to northern parts of Central Asia, chiefly Kazakhstan, but also parts o ...

tani,

Demonym A demonym (; ) or gentilic () is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, ...

(s): * Etymology: Name of Kazakhstan *

International rankings of Kazakhstan These are the international rankings of Kazakhstan. International rankings International rankings 2015 International rankings 2016 International rankings 2017 International rankings 2018 International rankings 2019 Inter ...

* ISO country codes: KZ, KAZ, 398 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:KZ * Internet country code top-level domain:

.kz .kz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kazakhstan. Registrations can be made directly at the second level or at the third level beneath categories which have specific restrictions, and are generally limited to Kazakhstan-r ...

Geography of Kazakhstan

Geography of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia (with 14% of the country in Eastern Europe). With an area of about Kazakhstan is more than twice the combined size of the other four Central Asian states and 60% larger than Alaska. The country borders Turkmen ...

* Kazakhstan is: a landlocked country * Location: ** Kazakhstan is a region or subregion of: ***

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

and

Eastern Hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to pol ...

**** Eurasia ***** Asia ****** Central Asia ***** Europe ****** Eastern Europe (a small portion only; 381,567 km²) ** Time zones: *** Eastern Kazakhstan Time UTC+6 *** Western Kazakhstan Time UTC+5 ** Extreme points of Kazakhstan *** High: Khan Tengri *** Low: Caspian Depression ** Land boundaries: 12,185 km :: 6,846 km :: 2,203 km :: 1,533 km :: 1,224 km :: 379 km :* Coastline: ''none'' Kazakhstan borders the Caspian Sea and the

Aral Sea The Aral Sea ( ; kk, Арал теңізі, Aral teñızı; uz, Орол денгизи, Orol dengizi; kaa, Арал теңизи, Aral teńizi; russian: Аральское море, Aral'skoye more) was an endorheic basin, endorheic lake lyi ...

, remnants of the ancient

Paratethys Sea The Paratethys sea, Paratethys ocean, Paratethys realm or just Paratethys was a large shallow inland sea that stretched from the region north of the Alps over Central Europe to the Aral Sea in Central Asia. Paratethys was peculiar due to its pal ...

. * Population of Kazakhstan: 18,177,700 – 62nd most populous country * * Area of Kazakhstan: 2,724,900 km² * Atlas of Kazakhstan

Environment of Kazakhstan

Environment of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, has serious environmental issues such as radiation from nuclear testing sites, the shrinking of the Aral sea, and desertification of former agricultural land. These issues are due in large part to Kazakhstan's years under the Soviet ...

* Climate of Kazakhstan * Environmental issues in Kazakhstan * Renewable energy in Kazakhstan * Protected areas of Kazakhstan **

National parks of Kazakhstan References See also

*List of protected areas in Kazakhstan {{DEFAULTSORT:National parks of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan geography-related lists, National parks Lists of national parks, Kazakhstan National parks of Kazakhstan, Lists of tourist ...

Wildlife of Kazakhstan The wildlife of Kazakhstan includes its flora and fauna,Geptner, V. G., Sludskij, A. A. (1972). ''Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza.'' Vysšaia Škola, Moskva. (In Russian; English translation: Heptner, V.G., Sludskii, A. A., Komarov, A., Komoro ...

** Fauna of Kazakhstan *** Birds of Kazakhstan *** Mammals of Kazakhstan

Natural geographic features of Kazakhstan

Islands of Kazakhstan An island or isle is a piece of subcontinental land completely surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be call ...

* Lakes of Kazakhstan * Rivers of Kazakhstan * List of World Heritage Sites in Kazakhstan

Regions of Kazakhstan

Administrative divisions of Kazakhstan

Administrative divisions of Kazakhstan *

Provinces of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan is divided into 17 regions ( kk, облыстар/''oblystar''; singular: облыс/''oblys''; russian: области/''oblasti''; singular: область/''oblast). The regions are further subdivided into districts ( kk, ауда� ...

** Districts of Kazakhstan

= Provinces of Kazakhstan

Notes: * (1)

Almaty Almaty (; kk, Алматы; ), formerly known as Alma-Ata ( kk, Алма-Ата), is the List of most populous cities in Kazakhstan, largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of about 2 million. It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to ...

and Nur-Sultan cities have the status of State importance and do not relate to any province. * (2)

Baikonur Baikonur ( kk, Байқоңыр, ; russian: Байконур, translit=Baykonur), formerly known as Leninsk, is a city of republic significance in Kazakhstan on the northern bank of the Syr Darya river. It is currently leased and administered ...

city has a special status because it is currently being leased to Russia with

Baikonur cosmodrome The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( kk, Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, translit=Baiqoñyr ğaryş ailağy, ; russian: Космодром Байконур, translit=Kosmodrom Baykonur, ) is a spaceport in an area of southern Kazakhstan leased to R ...

through the year 2050.

= Districts of Kazakhstan

= Municipalities of Kazakhstan

= Municipalities of Kazakhstan *

Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

of Kazakhstan: Capital of Kazakhstan *

Cities of Kazakhstan As of March 2017, the share of Kazakhstan's urban population is 53%. Kazakhstan's modernization program and innovative development path are expected to accelerate the country's urbanization processes resulting in increased share of urban populat ...

Demography of Kazakhstan

Demographics of Kazakhstan

Government and politics of Kazakhstan

Politics of Kazakhstan The politics of Kazakhstan takes place in the framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Kazakhstan is head of state and nominates the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is ...

Form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

: presidential republic *

of Kazakhstan: Capital of Kazakhstan * Elections in Kazakhstan * Political parties in Kazakhstan * Taxation in Kazakhstan

Branches of the government of Kazakhstan

Government of Kazakhstan The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Үкіметі, tr, ''Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Ükımetı'') oversees a presidential republic. The President of Kazakhstan, currently Kassym- ...

Executive branch of the government of Kazakhstan

* Head of state: Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan * Head of government: Karim Masimov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan

Legislative branch of the government of Kazakhstan

* Parliament of Kazakhstan (

bicameral Bicameralism is a type of legislature, one divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single grou ...

) ** Upper house: Senate of Kazakhstan **

Lower house A lower house is one of two Debate chamber, chambers of a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has co ...

: Mazhilis

Judicial branch of the government of Kazakhstan

Court system of Kazakhstan *

Supreme Court of Kazakhstan The Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the highest of three levels of courts of Kazakhstan, sitting above regional appeals courts, and city or district courts (courts of first instance). The Supreme Judicial Council recommends nominee ...

Foreign relations of Kazakhstan

Foreign relations of Kazakhstan Foreign relations of Kazakhstan are primarily based on economic and political security. The Nazarbayev administration has tried to balance relations with Russia and the United States by sending petroleum and natural gas to its northern neighbor a ...

* Diplomatic missions in Kazakhstan *

Diplomatic missions of Kazakhstan This is a list of diplomatic missions of Kazakhstan, excluding honorary consulates. Kazakhstan is a landlocked Central Asian country. Africa * ** Cairo (Embassy) * ** Addis Ababa (Embassy) * ** Rabat (Embassy) * ** Pretoria (Embassy) Americas * ...

International organization membership

The Republic of Kazakhstan is a member of: * Asian Development Bank (ADB) * Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) * Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) * Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) * Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC) * Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) *

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is an international financial institution founded in 1991. As a multilateral developmental investment bank, the EBRD uses investment as a tool to build market economies. Initially focus ...

(EBRD) * Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) *

General Confederation of Trade Unions The General Confederation of Trade Unions or GCTU (russian: Всеобщая Конфедерация Профсоюзов, ''Vseobshchya Konfederatsya Profsoyuzov'' or VKP) is an international trade union confederation. It was founded on 16 Apr ...

(GCTU) *

International Atomic Energy Agency The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an intergovernmental organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. It was established in 1957 ...

(IAEA) *

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is an international financial institution, established in 1944 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, that is the lending arm of World Bank Group. The IBRD offers l ...

(IBRD) * International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) *

International Criminal Police Organization The International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO; french: link=no, Organisation internationale de police criminelle), commonly known as Interpol ( , ), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and cri ...

(Interpol) *

International Development Association The International Development Association (IDA) (french: link=no, Association internationale de développement) is an international financial institution which offers concessional loans and grants to the world's poorest developing countries. Th ...

(IDA) *

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is a worldwide humanitarian aid organization that reaches 160 million people each year through its 192-member National Societies. It acts before, during and after disas ...

(IFRCS) * International Finance Corporation (IFC) *

International Fund for Agricultural Development The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD; french: link=no, Fonds international de développement agricole (FIDA)) is an international financial institution and a specialised agency of the United Nations that works to address ...

(IFAD) * International Labour Organization (ILO) *

International Maritime Organization The International Maritime Organization (IMO, French: ''Organisation maritime internationale'') is a specialised agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. The IMO was established following agreement at a UN conference ...

(IMO) * International Monetary Fund (IMF) * International Olympic Committee (IOC) * International Organization for Migration (IOM) * International Organization for Standardization (ISO) *

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, an ...

(ICRM) * International Telecommunication Union (ITU) * International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) *

Inter-Parliamentary Union The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU; french: Union Interparlementaire, UIP) is an inter-parliamentary institution, international organization of national parliaments. Its primary purpose is to promote democratic governance, accountability, and coop ...

(IPU) * Islamic Development Bank (IDB) * Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) *

Nonaligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide. The movement originated in the aftermath ...

(NAM) (observer) * Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) * Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) *

(OSCE) * Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) *

Organization of American States The Organization of American States (OAS; es, Organización de los Estados Americanos, pt, Organização dos Estados Americanos, french: Organisation des États américains; ''OEA'') is an international organization that was founded on 30 April ...

(OAS) (observer) * Partnership for Peace (PFP) * Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) * United Nations (UN) * United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) *

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

(UNESCO) * United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) * Universal Postal Union (UPU) * World Confederation of Labour (WCL) * World Customs Organization (WCO) * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) * World Health Organization (WHO) * World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) * World Meteorological Organization (WMO) * World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) * World Trade Organization (WTO) (observer)

Law and order in Kazakhstan

Law of Kazakhstan * Constitution of Kazakhstan *

Human rights in Kazakhstan Human rights in Kazakhstan are uniformly described as poor by independent observers. Human Rights Watch says that "Kazakhstan heavily restricts freedom of assembly, speech, and religion. In 2014, authorities closed newspapers, jailed or fined do ...

** LGBT rights in Kazakhstan **

Freedom of religion in Kazakhstan The Constitution of Kazakhstan provides for freedom of religion, and the various religious communities worship largely without government interference. Local officials attempt on occasion to limit the practice of religion by some nontraditional ...

Law enforcement in Kazakhstan Law enforcement in Kazakhstan is handled by the Kazakhstan police () and law courts, largely unchanged from the era of Soviet control, and is shared between the country's National Security Committee, Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Office o ...

Military of Kazakhstan

Military of Kazakhstan The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, , russian: Вооружённые силы Республики Казахстан) is the unified armed forces of ...

* Command ** Commander-in-chief: * Forces **

Army of Kazakhstan The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, , russian: Вооружённые силы Республики Казахстан) is the unified armed forces o ...

** Navy of Kazakhstan ** Air Force of Kazakhstan

History of Kazakhstan

History of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, the largest country fully within the Eurasian Steppe, has been a historical crossroads and home to numerous different peoples, states and empires throughout history. Throughout history, peoples on the territory of modern Kazakhsta ...

Culture of Kazakhstan

Culture of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan has a well-articulated culture based on the nomadic pastoral economy of the inhabitants. Islam was introduced to Kazakhstan in the 7th to 12th centuries. Besides lamb, many other traditional foods retain symbolic value. Kazakh culture ...

Cuisine of Kazakhstan Traditional Kazakh cuisine is the traditional food of the Kazakh people. It is focused on mutton and horse meat, as well as various milk products. For hundreds of years, Kazakhs were herders who raised fat-tailed sheep, Bactrian camels, and horse ...

Languages of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan is a multiethnic country where the indigenous ethnic group, the Kazakhs, comprise the majority of the population. As of 2021, the population of Kazakhstan is 70.4% Kazakhs, 15.5% Russians, 3.2% Uzbeks, 2.0% Ukrainians, 1.5% Uyghurs and ...

Media in Kazakhstan The mass media in Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстанның республикасы бұқаралық ақпарат құралдары, ''Qazaqstannyń respýblıkasy buqaralyq aqparat quraldary'') refers to mass media outlets based in The Repu ...

* National symbols of Kazakhstan ** Coat of arms of Kazakhstan ** Flag of Kazakhstan ** National anthem of Kazakhstan * People of Kazakhstan **

***

Russians in Kazakhstan There has been a substantial population of Russians in Kazakhstan since the 19th century. Although their numbers have been reduced since the breakup of the Soviet Union, they remain prominent in Kazakh society today. Russians formed a plurality ...

*** Ukrainians in Kazakhstan *** Germans of Kazakhstan ***

Armenians in Kazakhstan Armenians in Central Asian states: Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, were mainly settled there during the Soviet era for various reasons. History According to old historical records, Armenian warriors and traders onc ...

***

Greeks in Kazakhstan The Greeks in Kazakhstan are mainly the descendants of Pontic Greeks who were deported there by Joseph Stalin, from southern Russia and the Caucasus region, at first the Crimean Greeks on 1944, under the resolution 5984 of June 2, 1944. then the C ...

***

Kazakh Jews The history of the Jews in Kazakhstan connects back to the history of Bukharan and Juhuro Mountain Jews. Kazakh Jews have a long history. There are approximately several thousand Jews in Kazakhstan right at present. Most Kazakh Jews are Ash ...

* Prostitution in Kazakhstan *

Public holidays in Kazakhstan This is a list of public holidays in Kazakhstan: Public holidays Other holidays * National Guard Day - January 10 * Day of the State Security Service of Kazakhstan - April 21 * Police Day - June 23 * Border Guards Day - August 18 * Day of Rem ...

* Religion in Kazakhstan **

Buddhism in Kazakhstan Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

Christianity in Kazakhstan Christianity in Kazakhstan is the second most practiced religion after Islam. There are 4,214,232 Christians in Kazakhstan (according to the 2009 census). The majority of Christian citizens are Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians, who belong to ...

Hinduism in Kazakhstan Hinduism in Kazakhstan is represented mainly by the ISKCON followers and by expatriate Hindus from India. The Census in Kazhakhstan doesn't recognize Hinduism. According to an estimate, there are about 500 Hare Krishna devotees in Kazakhstan. The ...

Islam in Kazakhstan Islam is the largest religion practiced in Kazakhstan, with estimates of about 72% of the country's population being Muslim. Ethnic Kazakhs are predominantly Sunni Muslims of the Hanafi school.Judaism in Kazakhstan * List of World Heritage Sites in Kazakhstan

Art in Kazakhstan

Cinema of Kazakhstan Cinema of Kazakhstan refers to the film industry based in Kazakhstan. Cinema in Kazakhstan can be traced back to the early 20th century. Today, Kazakhstan produces approximately fifteen full-length films each year. History 1930s-1980s: the Sovie ...

* Literature of Kazakhstan * Music of Kazakhstan *

Television in Kazakhstan Television in Kazakhstan was first introduced in 1958. There are 116 private channels and 4 national commercial television. Qazaqstan is the State Television Channel of Kazakhstan. Other country-wide television stations are Khabar and Yel Arn ...

Sports in Kazakhstan

Sports in Kazakhstan *

Football in Kazakhstan Football in Kazakhstan is governed by the national body the Football Federation of Kazakhstan. The FFK organises the men's, women's and futsal national teams. Football is the most popular sport in the country, followed by ice hockey. History Ka ...

* Kazakhstan at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Kazakhstan

Economy of Kazakhstan The economy of Kazakhstan is the largest in Central Asia in both absolute and per capita terms. Kazakhstan has attracted to 2021 more than US$370 billion of foreign investments since becoming an independent republic after the collapse of the f ...

* Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 55th (fifty-fifth) * Agriculture in Kazakhstan * Banking in Kazakhstan ** National Bank of Kazakhstan * Communications in Kazakhstan **

Internet in Kazakhstan The Internet in Kazakhstan (ccTLD: .kz) is growing rapidly. Between 2001 and 2005, the number of Internet users increased from 200,000 to 1 million. By 2007, Kazakhstan reported Internet penetration levels of 8.5 percent, rising to 12.4 percent in 2 ...

* Companies of Kazakhstan * Currency of Kazakhstan:

Tenge The tenge ( or ; kk, теңге, teñge, ; Currency symbol, sign: ₸ ; ISO 4217, code: KZT) is the currency of Kazakhstan. It is divided into 100 tiyn ( kk, тиын, tıyın also transliterated as ''tiyin''). History After the breakup of th ...

ISO 4217 ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual cu ...

: KZT * Energy in Kazakhstan **

Energy policy of Kazakhstan Energy in Kazakhstan describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Kazakhstan and the politics of Kazakhstan related to energy. Kazakhstan is net energy exporter. Kazakhstan has oil, gas, coal and uranium reserves. Kazakhs ...

* Health care in Kazakhstan *

Mining in Kazakhstan The mineral industry of Kazakhstan is one of the most competitive and fastest growing sectors of the country. Kazakhstan ranks second to Russia among the countries of the CIS in its quantity of mineral production. It is endowed with large reserve ...

* Kazakhstan Stock Exchange *

Tourism in Kazakhstan Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country by area and the largest landlocked country. Tourism is not a major component of the economy. As of 2014, tourism has accounted for 0.3% of Kazakhstan GDP, but the government had plans to increase it to 3% ...

* Transport in Kazakhstan ** Airports in Kazakhstan **

Rail transport in Kazakhstan Rail or rails may refer to: Rail transport *Rail transport and related matters *Rail (rail transport) or railway lines, the running surface of a railway Arts and media Film * ''Rails'' (film), a 1929 Italian film by Mario Camerini * ''Rail'' ( ...

** Roads in Kazakhstan

Education in Kazakhstan

Health in Kazakhstan

Health in Kazakhstan The Healthcare in Kazakhstan is a post-Soviet healthcare system under reform. The World Health Organization (WHO), in 2000, ranked the Kazakhstani healthcare system as the 64th in overall performance, and 135th by overall level of health (among 1 ...

References

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is a United Nations (UN) body established in December 1991 by the General Assembly to strengthen the international response to complex emergencies and natural disast ...

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Kazakhstan Kazakhstan