Juan López de Padilla (1490 – 24 April 1521) was an

insurrection Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and ...

ary leader in the

Castilian War of the Communities Castilian or Castillian may refer to: * Castile, a historic region of Spain ** Castilian people, an ethnic group from Castile ** Castilian languages, a branch of the West Iberian languages consisting of all linguistic varieties descended from Ol ...

, where the people of Castile made a stand against policies of the Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V Charles V may refer to: * Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) * Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain * Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise * Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690) * Infa ...

and his

Flemish Flemish (''Vlaams'') is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (), Belgian Dutch ( ), or Southern Dutch (). Flemish is native to Flanders, a historical region in northern Belgium; ...

ministers.

Life

Padilla was born in

Toledo, Spain Toledo ( , ) is a city and municipality of Spain, capital of the province of Toledo and the ''de jure'' seat of the government and parliament of the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha. Toledo was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESC ...

, the eldest son of the ''commendator'' of Castile. In 1520, after the Castilian deputies had demanded in vain Charles V's return to Castile, regard for ''cortes''' rights and the administration of their economy by Spaniards, a "holy junta" was formed with Padilla as its head. At first, the junta attempted to establish a national government in the name of

Juana of Castile Joanna (6 November 1479 – 12 April 1555), historically known as Joanna the Mad ( es, link=no, Juana la Loca), was the nominal Queen of Castile from 1504 and Queen of Aragon from 1516 to her death in 1555. She was married by arrangement to Phi ...

, but lost the support of the

nobility Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The character ...

when it abolished their privileges and asserted

democracy Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which people, the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation ("direct democracy"), or to choo ...

. Though the nobles' army subsequently captured

Tordesillas Tordesillas () is a town and municipality in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, central Spain. It is located southwest of the provincial capital, Valladolid at an elevation of . The population was c. 9,000 . The town is located ...

, Padilla led the capture of Torrelobatón and other towns, but any advantage gained was neutralized by the junta after it granted an

armistice An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, as it may constitute only a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace. It is derived from the ...

. When hostilities resumed, their army was comprehensively defeated near Villalar, on 23 April 1521 and Padilla taken prisoner. He was publicly beheaded the following day. Afterwards, Padilla's wife, Doña

María Pacheco María López de Mendoza y Pacheco, commonly known as María Pacheco, (c. 1496 – March 1531) was a leader in the Revolt of the Comuneros in Spain, an uprising of the citizens against the monarchy. She was born in Granada, the daughter of Íñig ...

, defended Toledo against the royal troops for six months, but ultimately was compelled to take refuge in

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

Eponyms

*Juan de Padilla high school, in

Illescas, Toledo Illescas is a town and municipality of Spain located in the province of Toledo, Castilla–La Mancha. The municipality spans across a total area of 56.75 km2 and, as of 1 January 2020, it has a registered population of 30,229, which makes it the t ...

.IES Juan de Padilla (Illescas, Toledo)
Edu.jccm.es *Juan de Padilla street, in

Aranda de Duero Aranda de Duero is a city and municipality, capital of the Ribera del Duero comarca, in the south of the province of Burgos, in Castile and León, Spain. It has a population of roughly 33,000 people and lies on the River Duero. The closest int ...

Burgos Burgos () is a city in Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the province of Burgos. Burgos is situated in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, on the confluence of ...

*Juan de Padilla street, in

*Juan de Padilla street, in Málaga *Juan de Padilla street, in

Sevilla Seville (; es, Sevilla, ) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula ...

*Juan de Padilla street, in

Torrejón de la Calzada Torrejón de la Calzada is a municipality of the Community of Madrid The Community of Madrid (; es, Comunidad de Madrid ) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain. It is located in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, and of ...

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

References

Sources

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Padilla, Juan Lopez de 1490 births 1521 deaths People from Toledo, Spain Spanish rebels People executed by Spain by decapitation Executed Spanish people 16th-century executions by Spain People of the Revolt of the Comuneros

Life

Eponyms

Further reading

References

Sources