This page lists the known war correspondents,

war photographer ''War Photographer'' is a documentary by Christian Frei about the photographer James Nachtwey. As well as telling the story of an iconic man in the field of war photography, the film addresses the broader scope of ideas common to all those in ...

s, war artists, and war cinematographers who were active during the

First First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and rec ...

and

Second Balkan War The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 ( O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913. Serbian and Greek armies r ...

s. The

First Balkan War The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

lasted from October 1912 to May 1913, and comprised actions of the

Balkan League The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, which at the ...

(

Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hungar ...

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders ...

Montenegro ) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Podgorica , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = M ...

and

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...

) against the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

. Montenegro declared war on 8 October and Bulgaria, Serbia and Greece followed suit on 17 October. The war concluded with signing of the Treaty of London on 30 May 1913. The

broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 29 June 1913. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Bucharest by the three powers on 10 August 1913. An estimated 200–300 journalists from around the world covered the war in the Balkans in November 1912.

Reporting on the war from Greece

The official censorship bureau was established at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Athens. Each journalist had to make an application to proceed to the front, and enclose a photograph, together with a certificate from their country's Ministry in Athens. The Greek Government then issued the journalist an identity card which identified the paper he or she represented, their photograph, and a copy of their signature. The journalist was given a spade-shaped blue-and-white badge the size of a small plate to pin on their chest, on which the letters "ΕΦ" were worked, being the initial letters of the Greek word for "Newspaper" (Εφημερίδα). The day after the Battle of Sarantaporo, journalists were allowed to proceed to the Epirus front.

Reporting on the war from Bulgaria

Following the outbreak of hostilities in 1912, almost 150 foreign correspondents rushed to Bulgaria, which was soon identified as the center of all major military developments.Eugene Michail. ''The British and the Balkans: Forming Images of Foreign Lands, 1900-1950'' (London: A&C Black, 2011), p. 16. The Bulgarian government was successful in identifying and controlling the journalists. The authorities required each journalist to carry a red identification card that included his or her photograph and signature, to wear a red

brassard A brassard or armlet is an armband or piece of cloth or other material worn around the upper arm; the term typically refers to an item of uniform worn as part of military uniform or by police or other uniformed persons. Unit, role, rank b ...

that had the letters "BK" meaning военен кореспондент and a number, and to carry a document informing the various persons who the journalist was and what the Army Headquarters would allow them to do.

Reporting on the war from Serbia

Forty-five journalists from all around the world assembled in Belgrade to cover the First Balkan War. Foreign journalists, unless cleared by the General Staff, were not permitted in forward positions for the duration of hostilities.Mark Cornwall, John Paul Newman (Eds.). Sacrifice and Rebirth: The Legacy of the Last Habsburg War (New York: Berghahn Books, 2016), p. 103.

Motion pictures and the Balkan Wars

The First Balkan War provided the most extensive testing ground before the First World War for the new technology of large-scale filming, with more than 20 camera operators travelling to the region. One of the first movies was created by Robert Isidor Schwobthaler, and Albert Herr.See
some details about the movie in the UCLA library.
/ref>

The Journalists

Photo gallery

File:Helene Leune.jpg, Hélène Vitivilia Leune in

Filippiada Filippiada ( el, Φιλιππιάδα) is a small town and a former municipality in the Preveza regional unit, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Ziros, of which it is a municipal unit. The munic ...

, Epirus, Greece, December 1912, photograph from the archives of the Actia Nicopolis Foundation,

Preveza Preveza ( el, Πρέβεζα, ) is a city in the region of Epirus, northwestern Greece, located on the northern peninsula at the mouth of the Ambracian Gulf. It is the capital of the regional unit of Preveza, which is part of the region of Epiru ...

. File:Jean Leune.jpg, Jean Leune at Bizani, Greece, March 1913 File:Helene Leune Georges Bourdon.jpg, Mrs. Jean Leune and Mr. Georges Bourdon of ''

Le Figaro ''Le Figaro'' () is a French daily morning newspaper founded in 1826. It is headquartered on Boulevard Haussmann in the 9th arrondissement of Paris. The oldest national newspaper in France, ''Le Figaro'' is one of three French newspapers of r ...

'', discover the corpses of seven notables of

Serres Sérres ( el, Σέρρες ) is a city in Macedonia, Greece, capital of the Serres regional unit and second largest city in the region of Central Macedonia, after Thessaloniki. Serres is one of the administrative and economic centers of Northe ...

, in the surroundings of Livounovo. Photo from ''

L'Illustration ''L'Illustration'' was a weekly French newspaper published in Paris from 1843 to 1944. It was founded by Édouard Charton with the first issue published on 4 March 1843, it became the first illustrated newspaper in France then, after 1906, the ...

'', 2 August 1913. File:Kostia Vlastos.jpg, Kostia Vlastos, as Greek Army sergeant in Preveza, Greece, December 1912, photograph from the archives of the Actia Nicopolis Foundation,

. File:Georges Bourdon signature.jpg, Signature of Georges Bourdon, appearing in ''

'', 2 August 1913. File:Bernard Laporte signature.jpg, Signature of Bernard Laporte, appearing in ''

'', 2 August 1913. File:Jean Leune signature.jpg, Signature of Jean Leune, appearing in ''

'', 2 August 1913. File:Unknown war correspondent, Epirus, January 1913.jpg, Unknown war correspondent of the

First Balkan war The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

, at the front of

Epirus sq, Epiri rup, Epiru , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Historical region , image_map = Epirus antiquus tabula.jpg , map_alt = , map_caption = Map of ancient Epirus by Heinri ...

, Greece. January 1913. Photograph collection of Actia Nicopolis Foundation, Preveza, Greece. File:Unknown war correspondent.jpg, Unknown war correspondent of the

, in the straights of Melouna, near

Kozani Kozani ( el, Κοζάνη, ) is a city in northern Greece, capital of Kozani regional unit and of Western Macedonia. It is located in the western part of Macedonia, in the northern part of the Aliakmonas river valley. The city lies above sea ...

. November 1912. Photograph collection of Actia Nicopolis Foundation, Preveza, Greece

References

{{Reflist Greece-related lists Bulgaria history-related lists Ottoman Empire-related lists Serbia-related lists