Jan Kubisz
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Jan Kubisz (24 January 1848 – 25 March 1929) was a
Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...
educator and poet from the region of
Cieszyn Silesia Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český T ...
. His poem '' Płyniesz Olzo po dolinie'' (You Flow, Olza, Down the Valley), centered on the
Olza River The ( cs, Olše, german: Olsa) is a river in Poland and the Czech Republic, a right (eastern) tributary of the River Oder. It flows from the Silesian Beskids mountains through southern Cieszyn Silesia in Poland and the Frýdek-Místek and Karvin ...
, became unofficial anthem of
Cieszyn Silesia Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český T ...
, especially Poles in Trans-Olza.


Biography

Jan Kubisz was born 24 January 1848 in Końska,
Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence ...
. Kubisz attended primaryschool in Końska and Protestant gymnasium in Cieszyn in 1860–1865 where he was taught in
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...
since were no Polish-language high schools in the region at time of his youth. Kubisz later graduated from a teachers' seminary in Cieszyn and in 1869 began teaching at Polish school in Gnojnik at the age of 21. Kubisz lived at the school for the next 41 years. In 1910, Kubisz built his own house in the village, which remains an important landmark. During his work as a teacher, Kubisz remained active in several Polish organizations. At the age of 20 in 1868, Kubisz published his first poem, which appeared in the '' Gwiazdka Cieszyńska'' weekly magazine. In 1882, Kubisz published ''Niezapominajka'' under pen name ''Szlązak''. The ''Niezapominajka'' poetry collection focused mainly on national issues and glorified Cieszyn Silesia and customs of local people. In 1889 another poetry collection, ''Śpiewy starego Jakuba'' appeared. This collection focused on the social and national issues of his region. Poem ''Nad Olzą'' (On the Olza), later known as '' Płyniesz Olzo po dolinie'' (You Flow, Olza, Down the Valley) which is a part of this collection later became unofficial anthem of
Cieszyn Silesia Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český T ...
. Kubisz also published his works in the Cieszyn press. In 1902 a large poetry book ''Z niwy śląskiej'' was published in Lwów thanks to Kubisz's friends. Kubisz's most acclaimed work, ''Pamiętnik starego nauczyciela'' (Diary of Old Teacher), was published in 1928 on the eve of Kubisz's life. The work describes the life and customs of the Cieszyn Silesia people at the end of 19th century and Kubisz's experiences as a teacher. ''Pamiętnik starego nauczyciela'' continues to be an important work used by historians,
ethnographer Ethnography (from Greek ''ethnos'' "folk, people, nation" and ''grapho'' "I write") is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject o ...
s and linguists. Two years before Kubisz's death on 25 March 1929 in
Hnojník ( pl, , german: Hnoynik, Gnoynik) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,500 inhabitants. The municipality has a significant Polish minority. Etymology The ...
,
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
, Pastor Andrzej Buzek said of Kubisz: Kubisz is remembered on both sides of Cieszyn Silesia. In Końska, there is a monument erected in 1968 in his birthplace. Another memorial, built in 1988, is located at Castle Hill Park in
Cieszyn Cieszyn ( , ; cs, Těšín ; german: Teschen; la, Tessin; szl, Ćeszyn) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitan ...
. There is also a street and a gymnasium named after him in Cieszyn and Polish primary school in Hnojník is also named after Kubisz.


Works

* ''Niezapominajka'' (1882) – poetry collection * ''Śpiewy starego Jakuba'' (1889) – poetry collection * ''Z niwy śląskiej'' (1902) – poetry collection * ''Pamiętnik starego nauczyciela'' (1928) – diary


References


External links


Pamiętnik starego nauczyciela
online at Książnica Cieszyńska Library
Śpiewy starego Jakóba
online at Książnica Cieszyńska Library
Z niwy śląskiej
online at Biblioteka Śląska Library {{DEFAULTSORT:Kubisz, Jan 1848 births 1929 deaths Writers from Třinec Polish people from Trans-Olza Polish schoolteachers Polish Lutherans Polish male poets