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Jai Hind (, , ) is a salutation and slogan that originally meant "Victory to
Hindustan ''Hindūstān'' ( , from '' Hindū'' and ''-stān''), also sometimes spelt as Hindōstān ( ''Indo-land''), along with its shortened form ''Hind'' (), is the Persian-language name for the Indian subcontinent that later became commonly used by ...
", and in contemporary colloquial usage often means "Long live India" or "Salute to India". Coined by
Champakaraman Pillai Chempakaraman Pillai, alias Venkidi, (15 September 1891 – 26 May 1934) was an Indian-born political activist and revolutionary. Born in Thiruvananthapuram, to Tamil Pillai parents, he left for Europe as a youth, where he spent the rest of hi ...
and used during India's independence movement from
British rule The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...
, it emerged as a
battle cry A battle cry or war cry is a yell or chant taken up in battle, usually by members of the same combatant group. Battle cries are not necessarily articulate (e.g. "Eulaliaaaa!", "Alala"..), although they often aim to invoke patriotic or religious ...
and in political speeches.


Etymology and nomenclature

The word "jai" is derived from ''jaya'' (
Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...
), which means "triumph, victory, cheers, bravo, rejoice". The word ''jaya'' appears in
Vedic upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the '' Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the ...
literature such as in ''
Atharvaveda The Atharva Veda (, ' from ' and ''veda'', meaning "knowledge") is the "knowledge storehouse of ''atharvāṇas'', the procedures for everyday life".Laurie Patton (2004), Veda and Upanishad, in ''The Hindu World'' (Editors: Sushil Mittal and G ...
'' 8.50.8 and in post-Vedic literature such as the ''
Mahabharata The ''Mahābhārata'' ( ; sa, महाभारतम्, ', ) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India in Hinduism, the other being the ''Rāmāyaṇa''. It narrates the struggle between two groups of cousins in the Kuruk ...
''.


History

It is believed that In 1907, Champakaraman Pillai coined the term "Jai Hind", which was adopted as slogan of the
Indian National Army The Indian National Army (INA; ''Azad Hind Fauj'' ; 'Free Indian Army') was a collaborationist armed force formed by Indian collaborators and Imperial Japan on 1 September 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. Its aim was to secure In ...
in the 1940s at the suggestion of Abid Hasan. After India's independence, it emerged as a national slogan. But the above references sited for coining of phrase "Jai Hind" by Champakaraman Pillai does not have any authentic references about this claim. These references also does not tell when he coined this phrase and when it reached to Netaji. However there is an authentic reference that this phrase "Jai Hind" was actually coined by Abid Hasan According to grand-nephew
Sumantra Bose Sumantra Bose is an Indian political scientist and professor of international and comparative politics at the London School of Economics. He specialises in the study of ethnic and national conflicts and their management, with a particular focus on ...
, a historian, the phrase is devoid of any religious tones. The term became popular as a slogan and greeting of the Indian National Army organized by Bose and his colleagues, particularly between 1943–45. After India's independence, it emerged as a national slogan, and has been a common form of greeting the Indian people by political leaders and
prime ministers A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is no ...
such as
Jawaharlal Nehru Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist, social democrat— * * * * and author who was a central figure in India during the middle of the 20t ...
,
Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...
,
Rajiv Gandhi Rajiv Gandhi (; 20 August 1944 – 21 May 1991) was an Indian politician who served as the sixth prime minister of India from 1984 to 1989. He took office after the 1984 assassination of his mother, then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, to beco ...
, P.V. Narasimha Rao, and others. Indira Gandhi in particular often ended her political speeches with a triple shout of "''Jai Hind''". Since the mid-1990s, it came to be used as a greeting among Indian Army personnel. The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh chanting 'Jai Hind' from the ramparts of Red Fort on the occasion of 64th Independence Day, in Delhi on August 15, 2010.jpg, Former Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh Manmohan Singh (; born 26 September 1932) is an Indian politician, economist and statesman who served as the 13th prime minister of India from 2004 to 2014. He is also the third longest-serving prime minister after Jawaharlal Nehru and Indir ...
chanting "''Jai Hind''" from the ramparts of
Red Fort The Red Fort or Lal Qila () is a historic fort in Old Delhi, Delhi in India that served as the main residence of the Mughal Emperors. Emperor Shah Jahan commissioned construction of the Red Fort on 12 May 1638, when he decided to shift hi ...
,
Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders w ...
JAI HIND.jpg, The book "''Jai Hind''" by Ramchandra Moreshwar Karkare. 1947 India Flag 3½ annas.jpg, Independent India's first postage stamp. Jai Hind Post-mark.gif, Indian commemorative ''Jai Hind'' postmark.


In popular culture

A follower of
Subhas Chandra Bose Subhas Chandra Bose ( ; 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945 * * * * * * * * *) was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Imperia ...
, Ramchandra Moreshwar Karkare, of Gwalher (Gwalior) Madhya Bharat, wrote the patriotic drama ''Jai Hind'' in March 1947, and published a book in
Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
with the same title. Later, Karkare became Congress president of Central India Province. The
Jai Hind postmark The Jai Hind postmark was the first commemorative postmark of Independent India, and was issued on the day of independence, 15 August 1947. The post mark was withdrawn on 31 December 1947 but reintroduced at Girdikot Post Office, Jodhpur in June 1 ...
was the first commemorative
postmark A postmark is a postal marking made on an envelope, parcel, postcard or the like, indicating the place, date and time that the item was delivered into the care of a postal service, or sometimes indicating where and when received or in transit. ...
of Independent India. The first stamps of an independent India were issued on November 21, 1947 with ''Jai Hind'' inscribed on them, in 1.5 anna, 3.5 anna and 12 anna denominations. Along with ''Jai Hind'', these bore images of the
Lion Capital of Ashoka The Lion Capital of Ashoka is the Capital (architecture), capital, or head, of a column erected by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in Sarnath, India, . Its crowning features are four life-sized lions set back to back on a drum-shaped abacus (arch ...
, the
national flag A national flag is a flag that represents and symbolizes a given nation. It is flown by the government of that nation, but usually can also be flown by its citizens. A national flag is typically designed with specific meanings for its colours ...
, and an aircraft respectively. "जय हिन्द" is also stated on the first, Independence series of Indian stamps. The phrase is used on
All India Radio All or ALL may refer to: Language * All, an indefinite pronoun in English * All, one of the English determiners * Allar language (ISO 639-3 code) * Allative case (abbreviated ALL) Music * All (band), an American punk rock band * ''All'' (All a ...
at the end of a broadcast. It occurs in the patriotic song ''
Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo "Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo" ( "O' people of my country") is a patriotic song written in Hindi by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and sung by singer Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino-Indian Wa ...
'' sung by
Lata Mangeshkar Lata Mangeshkar () (born as Hema Mangeshkar; 28 September 1929 – 06 February 2022) was an Indian playback singer and occasional music composer. She is widely considered to have been the greatest and most influential singers in India. Her cont ...
in 1963. The phrase also appeared in early slogans of state-owned
Air India Air India is the flag carrier airline of India, headquartered at New Delhi. It is owned by Talace Private Limited, a Special-Purpose Vehicle (SPV) of Tata Sons, after Air India Limited's former owner, the Government of India, completed the sa ...
, with a 1965
Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...
debate mentioning it as part of the tagline "One Nation, One Leader, One India, Jai Hind".
Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti- ...
sent a piece of crocheted, cotton lace made from yarn he spun by himself, with the central motif of ''Jai Hind'', to
Queen Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II, her death in 2022. She was queen ...
and
Prince Philip Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, later Philip Mountbatten; 10 June 1921 – 9 April 2021) was the husband of Queen Elizabeth II. As such, he served as the consort of the British monarch from E ...
, as a gift on the occasion of their wedding in 1947.


Other uses

The phrase has also given its name to *''
Jai Hind Jai Hind (, , ) is a salutation and slogan that originally meant "Victory to Hindustan", and in contemporary colloquial usage often means "Long live India" or "Salute to India". Coined by Champakaraman Pillai and used during India's independenc ...
'' (1994), a Tamil movie with
Arjun Sarja Srinivasa "Arjun" Sarja is an Indian actor, producer, and director who works predominantly in the Tamil film industry, in addition to Kannada and Telugu languages as well. Referred to by the media and his fans as " Action King" for his roles in ...
as hero * ''Jai Hind'' (1999), a Hindi film, made by actor-director
Manoj Kumar Harikrishan Goswami (born 24 July 1937), better known by his screen name Manoj Kumar, is an Indian actor, filmmaker, screenwriter, lyricist and editor who worked in Hindi cinema. He is known for acting and making films with patriotic theme ...
* The comedy show ''
Jay Hind! ''Jay Hind!'' is an Indian Hindi-language standup comedy and late-night talk show hosted by Sumeet Raghavan, which was broadcast on the internet. It was launched on 15 August 2009, and published new episodes twice a week. The final episode was ...
'' *
Jai Hind College Jai Hind College (Marathi: जय हिंद कॉलेज) is an autonomous college in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, affiliated to the University of Mumbai. It was established in 1948. In 2000, ''India Today'' named Jai Hind College as one ...
,
Mumbai Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second- ...
* ''
Jai Hind Jai Hind (, , ) is a salutation and slogan that originally meant "Victory to Hindustan", and in contemporary colloquial usage often means "Long live India" or "Salute to India". Coined by Champakaraman Pillai and used during India's independenc ...
'', a Gujarati newspaper * ''
JaiHind TV Jaihind Television is an Indian Malayalam-language channel, based in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. It was launched on 17 August 2007, in Delhi by the Indian National Congress President and United Progressive Alliance Chairperson Sonia Gandhi. T ...
''.


See also

*
Bharat Mata Bhārat Mātā ( Mother India in English) is a national personification of India (Bharat ) as a mother goddess. In the visual arts she is commonly depicted dressed in a red or saffron-coloured sari and holding a national flag; she sometimes s ...
* Banga Mata * Sri Lanka Mata *
Hindustan Zindabad Hindustan Zindabad (, hi, हिन्दुस्तान ज़िन्दाबाद, ur, Lit. ''Long live Hindustan'') is a Hindustani phrase and battle cry most commonly used in India in speeches and communications pertaining to or re ...
*
Jai Jawan Jai Kisan ' Jai Jawan Jai Kisan (" en, Hail the Soldier, Hail the Farmer") was a slogan of Lal Bahadur Shastri,the second Prime Minister of India spoken in 1965 at a public gathering Uruwa, Prayagraj. Soon after Shastri took over the prime ministership o ...
*
Joy Bangla Joy Bangla ( bn, জয় বাংলা) is a slogan and war cry used in Bangladesh and India's West Bengal, Tripura, Barak Valley and Manbhum District to indicate nationalism towards the geopolitical, cultural and historical region of Ben ...
*
Jai Maharashtra Jai Maharashtra is a 24/7 Marathi news channel launched on 1 May 2013. Shri Sudhakar Shetty owns the channel. Its broadcasting area is Maharashtra, India. This channel is available on the direct to home providers such as Tata Sky and Dish TV ...
*
Jaya Jaya He Telangana Jaya Jaya He Telangana is a song that was purported to be the state song of the Indian state of Telangana. It was composed by Ande Sri. The song was adopted by many organisations and schools in Telangana during the Telangana movement, replacing ...
*
Jai Jai Garavi Gujarat Jai Jai Garavi Gujarat (; "Victory to Proud Gujarat") is a poem written by Gujarati poet Narmadashankar Dave in 1873. It is used as a state anthem during ceremonies of the Government of Gujarat. Composition Narmad is considered the first modern ...
*
Vande Mataram ''Vande Mataram'' (Sanskrit: वन्दे मातरम् IAST: , also spelt ''Bande Mataram''; বন্দে মাতরম্, ''Bônde Mātôrôm''; ) is a poem written in sanskritised Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in the ...


References

{{Authority control Indian political slogans National symbols of India Indian National Army Indian independence movement Slogans Battle cries Hindi words and phrases