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Jack Robert Lousma (born February 29, 1936) is an American astronaut,
The crew on this 59½ day flight included Alan Bean (spacecraft commander), Lousma (pilot), and Owen Garriott, Owen K. Garriott who acted as a science-pilot. The crew installed six replacement rate gyroscopes used for Spacecraft attitude control, attitude control of the spacecraft and a twin-pole Space sunshade, sunshade used for Spacecraft thermal control, thermal control, and they repaired nine major experiment or operational equipment items. Skylab-3 accomplished all its mission goals while completing 858 revolutions of the Earth, and traveling some in orbit. They devoted 305-man hours to extensive solar observations from above the atmosphere, which included viewing two major solar flares and numerous smaller flares and coronal transients. Also acquired and returned to Earth were 16,000 photographs and of magnetic tape documenting Earth resources observations. The crew completed 333 medical experiment performances and obtained valuable data on the effects of extended weightlessness on humans. Skylab-3 ended with a Pacific Ocean splashdown and recovery by .
Lousma was originally selected as the pilot of the two-man crew of STS-2, alongside commander Fred Haise. This was a planned mission scheduled to launch in mid-1979, which was intended to use the Teleoperator Retrieval System to boost the orbit of Skylab, to allow for the space station's potential further use. This mission was eventually scrubbed, owing to the delays in getting the Shuttle system ready for flight. As a result, following Haise's decision to leave NASA, Lousma was named as commander of STS-3.
STS-3, the third orbital test flight of Space Shuttle ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'', launched from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on March 22, 1982, into a circular orbit above the Earth. Lousma was the spacecraft commander and C. Gordon Fullerton was the pilot on this eight-day mission. Major flight test objectives included exposing ''Columbia'' to extremes in thermal stress and the first use of the Canadarm, Remote Manipulator System (RMS) to grapple and maneuver a payload (air and space craft), Payload in space. The crew also operated several scientific experiments in the orbiter's cabin and on the OSS-1 pallet in the payload bay. ''Columbia'' responded favorably to the thermal tests and was found to be better than expected as a scientific platform. The crew accomplished almost all the mission objectives assigned, and after a one-day delay due to bad weather, landed on the lake bed at White Sands, New Mexico, on March 30, 1982, the only shuttle flight to land there. ''Columbia'' traveled during 129.9 orbits and mission duration was 192 hours, 4 minutes, 49 seconds. Lousma left NASA on October 1, 1983, and retired from the Marine Corps on November 1, 1983.
The three Skylab astronaut crews were awarded the 1973 Robert J. Collier Trophy "For proving beyond question the value of man in future explorations of space and the production of data of benefit to all the people on Earth". Gerald Carr (astronaut), Gerald P. Carr accepted the 1975 Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy from Gerald Ford, President Ford, awarded to the Skylab astronauts.
Lousma was inducted with Fullerton into the International Space Hall of Fame during a ceremony with the governor of New Mexico in 1982 for their involvement in the STS-3 mission. The governor also presented them with the International Space Hall of Fame's Pioneer Award, and were the second group to receive this award. He was inducted the Michigan Aviation Hall of Fame in 1989. He was one of 24 Apollo astronauts who were inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1997.
He was presented an honorary doctorate of astronautical science from the University of Michigan in 1973, an honorary Doctor of Science , D.Sc. from Hope College in 1982, an honorary D.Sc. in business administration from Cleary University, Cleary College in 1986, and an honorary doctorate from Sterling College (Kansas), Sterling College in 1988.
Lousma has a closed-end street (Lousma Drive) named after him in Wyoming, Michigan (suburb of Grand Rapids) that begins west off of Roger B. Chaffee Memorial Blvd just south of 32nd Street SE, in an industrial park area.
Astronautix biography of Jack R. Lousma
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* {{DEFAULTSORT:Lousma, Jack R. 1936 births Living people 1973 in spaceflight 1982 in spaceflight American astronauts American astronaut-politicians Apollo program astronauts American aerospace engineers Aviators from Michigan Military personnel from Michigan United States Marine Corps astronauts United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees Politicians from Grand Rapids, Michigan Politicians from Ann Arbor, Michigan American people of Dutch descent American people of Frisian descent University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni Naval Postgraduate School alumni United States Marine Corps colonels United States Naval Aviators Michigan Republicans Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal Collier Trophy recipients Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal Space Shuttle program astronauts Skylab program astronauts Spacewalkers
aeronautical engineer
Aerospace engineering is the primary field of engineering concerned with the development of aircraft and spacecraft. It has two major and overlapping branches: aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering. Avionics engineering is sim ...
, retired United States Marine Corps officer, former naval aviator, NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
astronaut, and politician. He was a member of the second crew, Skylab-3, on the Skylab
Skylab was the first United States space station, launched by NASA, occupied for about 24 weeks between May 1973 and February 1974. It was operated by three separate three-astronaut crews: Skylab 2, Skylab 3, and Skylab 4. Major operations ...
space station in 1973. In 1982, he commanded STS-3
STS-3 was NASA's third Space Shuttle mission, and was the third mission for the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. It launched on March 22, 1982, and landed eight days later on March 30, 1982. The mission, crewed by Jack R. Lousma and C. Gordon Ful ...
, the third Space Shuttle
The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program ...
mission. Lousma was inducted into the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame
The United States Astronaut Hall of Fame, located inside the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex Heroes & Legends building on Merritt Island, Florida, honors American astronauts and features the world's largest collection of their personal memora ...
in 1997. He is the last living crew member of both of his spaceflights.
Lousma was later the Republican Party nominee for a seat in the United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and pow ...
from Michigan in 1984 United States Senate election in Michigan, 1984, losing to incumbent Carl Levin who won his second of six terms.
Early life and education
Lousma was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, on February 29, 1936. He is of Dutch (Friesland, Frisian) descent. His father's name was spelled Louwsma, but he kept the 'w' off of his son's birth certificate to make the name easier to spell. He graduated from Angell Elementary School, Tappan Middle School, and Pioneer High School (Ann Arbor, Michigan), Pioneer High School in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1954. Lousma was a Scouts BSA (Boy Scouts of America), Boy Scout and earned the rank of Tenderfoot Scout. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering from the University of Michigan in 1959. He played on the Michigan Wolverines football, football team as a backup quarterback until an elbow injury ended his career. He earned a Master of Science degree in aeronautical engineering from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in 1965.Military service
Lousma became a United States Marine Corps officer in 1959, and received his United States Aviator Badge, aviator wings in 1960 after completing training at the Naval Air Training Command. He was then assigned to VMFA(AW)-224, VMA-224, 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW), as an attack pilot and later served with VMA-224, 1st Marine Air Wing, at Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan. He was a reconnaissance pilot with VMCJ-2, 2nd MAW, at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina, before being assigned to the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas. He has logged 7,000 hours of flight time; including 700 hours in general aviation aircraft, 1,619 hours in space, 4,500 hours in jet aircraft, and 240 hours in helicopters.NASA career
Lousma was one of the 19 astronauts selected in NASA Astronaut Group 5 in April 1966. He served as a member of the astronaut support crews for the Apollo 9, Apollo 10, 10, and Apollo 13, 13 missions. He was the Flight controller, CAPCOM recipient of the "''Houston, we've had a problem''" message from Apollo 13. He may have also been selected as either the command module pilot or the lunar module pilot for Canceled Apollo missions, Apollo 20, which was canceled. He was the pilot for Skylab-3 from July 28 to September 25, 1973, and was commander on STS-3, from March 22 until March 30, 1982, logging a total of over 1,619 hours in space. Lousma also spent 11 hours on two spacewalks outside the Skylab space station. He served as backup docking module pilot of the United States flight crew for the Apollo–Soyuz, Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) mission which was completed successfully in July 1975.Spaceflight experience
The crew on this 59½ day flight included Alan Bean (spacecraft commander), Lousma (pilot), and Owen Garriott, Owen K. Garriott who acted as a science-pilot. The crew installed six replacement rate gyroscopes used for Spacecraft attitude control, attitude control of the spacecraft and a twin-pole Space sunshade, sunshade used for Spacecraft thermal control, thermal control, and they repaired nine major experiment or operational equipment items. Skylab-3 accomplished all its mission goals while completing 858 revolutions of the Earth, and traveling some in orbit. They devoted 305-man hours to extensive solar observations from above the atmosphere, which included viewing two major solar flares and numerous smaller flares and coronal transients. Also acquired and returned to Earth were 16,000 photographs and of magnetic tape documenting Earth resources observations. The crew completed 333 medical experiment performances and obtained valuable data on the effects of extended weightlessness on humans. Skylab-3 ended with a Pacific Ocean splashdown and recovery by .
Lousma was originally selected as the pilot of the two-man crew of STS-2, alongside commander Fred Haise. This was a planned mission scheduled to launch in mid-1979, which was intended to use the Teleoperator Retrieval System to boost the orbit of Skylab, to allow for the space station's potential further use. This mission was eventually scrubbed, owing to the delays in getting the Shuttle system ready for flight. As a result, following Haise's decision to leave NASA, Lousma was named as commander of STS-3.
STS-3, the third orbital test flight of Space Shuttle ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'', launched from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on March 22, 1982, into a circular orbit above the Earth. Lousma was the spacecraft commander and C. Gordon Fullerton was the pilot on this eight-day mission. Major flight test objectives included exposing ''Columbia'' to extremes in thermal stress and the first use of the Canadarm, Remote Manipulator System (RMS) to grapple and maneuver a payload (air and space craft), Payload in space. The crew also operated several scientific experiments in the orbiter's cabin and on the OSS-1 pallet in the payload bay. ''Columbia'' responded favorably to the thermal tests and was found to be better than expected as a scientific platform. The crew accomplished almost all the mission objectives assigned, and after a one-day delay due to bad weather, landed on the lake bed at White Sands, New Mexico, on March 30, 1982, the only shuttle flight to land there. ''Columbia'' traveled during 129.9 orbits and mission duration was 192 hours, 4 minutes, 49 seconds. Lousma left NASA on October 1, 1983, and retired from the Marine Corps on November 1, 1983.
Political experience
A Republican, Lousma lost the 1984 United States Senate election in Michigan against incumbent Carl Levin, receiving 47% of the vote. The astronaut-politician survived a bitter primary fight against former Republican congressman James Whitney Dunn, Jim Dunn to capture the nomination with 63% of the vote. Ronald Reagan's landslide re-election was a boon to Lousma, but he was hurt late in the campaign when video surfaced of him telling a group of Japanese auto manufacturers that his family owned a Toyota car.Personal life
Lousma and Gratia Kay were married in 1956. They have four children: Timothy J. (born December 23, 1963), Matthew O. (born July 14, 1966), Mary T. (born September 22, 1968), Joseph L. (born September 14, 1980). A long time resident of Scio Township, near Ann Arbor, Michigan, he moved with his wife to Texas in September 2013.Awards and honors
Lousma was awarded the Johnson Space Center Certificate of Commendation (1970); the NASA Distinguished Service Medal (1973); presented the Navy Distinguished Service Medal and Astronaut badge#U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard astronauts, Navy Astronaut Wings (1974), the City of Chicago Gold Medal (1974), the Marine Corps Aviation Association's Exceptional Achievement Award (1974), the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale awarded him the Vladimir Komarov, V. M. Komarov Diploma for 1973, the AIAA Octave Chanute Award for 1975, the American Astronautical Society, AAS Flight Achievement Award for 1974; inducted into a second NASA Distinguished Service Medal (1982), the Department of Defense Distinguished Service Medal (1982), National Collegiate Athletic Association, NCAA Silver Anniversary Award (1983).
The three Skylab astronaut crews were awarded the 1973 Robert J. Collier Trophy "For proving beyond question the value of man in future explorations of space and the production of data of benefit to all the people on Earth". Gerald Carr (astronaut), Gerald P. Carr accepted the 1975 Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy from Gerald Ford, President Ford, awarded to the Skylab astronauts.
Lousma was inducted with Fullerton into the International Space Hall of Fame during a ceremony with the governor of New Mexico in 1982 for their involvement in the STS-3 mission. The governor also presented them with the International Space Hall of Fame's Pioneer Award, and were the second group to receive this award. He was inducted the Michigan Aviation Hall of Fame in 1989. He was one of 24 Apollo astronauts who were inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1997.
He was presented an honorary doctorate of astronautical science from the University of Michigan in 1973, an honorary Doctor of Science , D.Sc. from Hope College in 1982, an honorary D.Sc. in business administration from Cleary University, Cleary College in 1986, and an honorary doctorate from Sterling College (Kansas), Sterling College in 1988.
Lousma has a closed-end street (Lousma Drive) named after him in Wyoming, Michigan (suburb of Grand Rapids) that begins west off of Roger B. Chaffee Memorial Blvd just south of 32nd Street SE, in an industrial park area.
See also
* The Astronaut Monument * 1984 United States Senate election in MichiganReferences
External links
Astronautix biography of Jack R. Lousma
*
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Lousma, Jack R. 1936 births Living people 1973 in spaceflight 1982 in spaceflight American astronauts American astronaut-politicians Apollo program astronauts American aerospace engineers Aviators from Michigan Military personnel from Michigan United States Marine Corps astronauts United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees Politicians from Grand Rapids, Michigan Politicians from Ann Arbor, Michigan American people of Dutch descent American people of Frisian descent University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni Naval Postgraduate School alumni United States Marine Corps colonels United States Naval Aviators Michigan Republicans Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal Collier Trophy recipients Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal Space Shuttle program astronauts Skylab program astronauts Spacewalkers