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The IBM 602 Calculating Punch, introduced in 1946, was an electromechanical
calculator An electronic calculator is typically a portable electronic device used to perform calculations, ranging from basic arithmetic to complex mathematics. The first solid-state electronic calculator was created in the early 1960s. Pocket-sized ...
capable of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The 602 was IBM's first machine that did division. (The
IBM 601 The IBM 601 Multiplying Punch was a unit record machine that could read two numbers from a punched card and punch their product in a blank field on the same card. The factors could be up to eight decimal digits long. The 601 was introduced in 1931 ...
, introduced in 1931, only multiplied.) Like other IBM calculators, it was programmed using a control panel. Input data was read from a
punched card A punched card (also punch card or punched-card) is a piece of stiff paper that holds digital data represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. Punched cards were once common in data processing applications or to di ...
, the results could be punched in the same card or a trailing card. The 602 was available in four models: Model 1, Model 2, Model 50, and Model 51. The "Series 50" models were low-cost versions that ran at a slower speed, with half as many program steps, and fewer storage registers and counters. Two additional counters were available as an optional feature. Program steps execute in one
machine cycle The instruction cycle (also known as the fetch–decode–execute cycle, or simply the fetch-execute cycle) is the cycle that the central processing unit (CPU) follows from boot-up until the computer has shut down in order to process instruction ...
, except for steps performing multiplication or division which take as many machine cycles as needed for the operation. Punching rate is roughly four columns per machine cycle. The total number of machine cycles required per card varies depending on the data and programming. Programming the 602 for each problem involved two things: #A ''control panel'' wired for the sequence of the calculation #A ''Skip Bar'' with "inserts" placed for the first column of each field to punch


See also

*
IBM 603 The IBM 603 Electronic Multiplier was the first mass-produced commercial electronic calculating device; it used full-size vacuum tubes to perform multiplication and addition.
*
IBM CPC The IBM Card-Programmed Electronic Calculator or ''CPC'' was announced by IBM in May 1949. Later that year an improved machine, the CPC-II, was also announced. The original CPC Calculator has the following units interconnected by cables: *Electr ...
**
IBM 604 The IBM 604 Electronic Calculating Punch was the world's first mass-produced electronic calculator along with its predecessor the IBM 603.
** IBM 605 *
IBM 608 The IBM 608 Transistor Calculator, a plugboard-programmable unit, was the first IBM product to use transistor circuits without any vacuum tubes and is believed to be the world's first all-transistorized calculator to be manufactured for the commerc ...


References

*{{cite book , last = IBM , title = IBM Reference Manual: 602 Calculating Punch , id = A22-0506-1 , date = January 1960 , url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/602/A22-0506-1_602_Jan60.pdf


External links


Columbia University Computing History: The IBM 602 Calculating Punch
602 __NOTOC__ Year 602 ( DCII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 602 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era b ...
Programmable calculators Computer-related introductions in 1946