Horatio Nelson Goulty (1832/33 – 7 July 1869) was an English architect. He designed several buildings in

Brighton Brighton () is a seaside resort and one of the two main areas of the City of Brighton and Hove in the county of East Sussex, England. It is located south of London. Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze A ...

and was an important figure in the town's public affairs in the early

Victorian era In the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardia ...

Biography

Early life

Horatio Nelson Goulty was born in 1832 or 1833 in

, East Sussex. His father was Reverend John Nelson Goulty, the pastor of Union Chapel and a cousin of

Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Duke of Bronte (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a British flag officer in the Royal Navy. His inspirational leadership, grasp of strategy, and unconventional tactics brought abo ...

(1758–1805). As a result, Lord Nelson was his uncle. Goulty was married and had two children.

Career

In 1850, Goulty and his father were two of the four founders of the Extra Mural Cemetery in Brighton. The others were architect

Amon Henry Wilds Amon Henry Wilds (1784 or 1790 – 13 July 1857) was an English architect. He was part of a team of three architects and builders who—working together or independently at different times—were almost solely responsible for a surge in resid ...

and doctor and politician John Cordy Burrows. Although Wilds has been credited in some sources with the design of the two cemetery chapels (only one of which survives), Goulty's obituary in the ''Freemasons' Magazine and Masonic Mirror'' attributes the buildings to him. Goulty's influence in Brighton's public life increased when he became councillor for Park ward, one of six

wards Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a priso ...

created in 1854 to govern the newly created Municipal Borough of Brighton. Named after Queen's Park, this electoral division covered the east of the town. He supported the town's Children's Hospital, which was founded by local doctor R.P.B. Taaffe at 178 Western Road on 3 August 1868 with the name ''Brighton Hospital for Sick Children''. It now occupies a different site and is known as the Royal Alexandra Hospital. He also served as a secretary of the Local School of Art in Brighton, a Sunday Schools inspector and a

deacon A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Major Christian churches, such as the Catholic Churc ...

at a

Nonconformist Nonconformity or nonconformism may refer to: Culture and society * Insubordination, the act of willfully disobeying an order of one's superior *Dissent, a sentiment or philosophy of non-agreement or opposition to a prevailing idea or entity ** ...

chapel. Goulty was responsible for two new

Congregational Congregational churches (also Congregationalist churches or Congregationalism) are Protestant churches in the Calvinist tradition practising congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its ...

churches in East Sussex during the 1860s. Cliftonville Congregational Church, a congregation based in central

Hove Hove is a seaside resort and one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove, along with Brighton in East Sussex, England. Originally a "small but ancient fishing village" surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th cen ...

, used his Sunday School building (erected in 1861) for worship until his grey stone Early English

Gothic Revival Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic, neo-Gothic, or Gothick) is an architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England. The movement gained momentum and expanded in the first half of the 19th century, as increasingly ...

-style church building was finished. The church is still in active use under the name Central United Reformed Church. In 1866, he used a different architectural style—plain Neoclassical—for his design of the Newhaven Congregational Chapel at Newhaven, which replaced a building of 1797. The

stucco Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and a ...

-faced stone building served as a church until 1938, after which it fell into dereliction and later became an antiques market. In 1864, he designed the Norfolk Hotel, located at 149 Kings Road in Brighton. The French Renaissance Revival-style building is

Grade II-listed In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...

and remains in use as a luxury hotel. The author of ''Moorecroft's Guide'' (1866), a guidebook about the resort, called it "more beautiful than any other building in Brighton". He later designed the Grand Concert Hall which opened in 1866 on the southeast side of West Street, near the seafront, but was in use for only 16 years because it was destroyed by fire in 1882. He also reconstructed the

Hanningtons Hanningtons was a department store located in Brighton, part of the English coastal city of Brighton and Hove. Prominently situated in a central position in Brighton, it had an unbroken history of trading for nearly 200 years until its closure ...

department store on North Street, also in Brighton, and school buildings in

Hurstpierpoint Hurstpierpoint is a village in West Sussex, England, southwest of Burgess Hill, and west of Hassocks railway station. It sits in the civil parish of Hurstpierpoint and Sayers Common which has an area of 2029.88 ha and a population of ...

, and was commissioned by several early

building societies A building society is a financial institution owned by its members as a mutual organization. Building societies offer banking and related financial services, especially savings and mortgage lending. Building societies exist in the United Kingd ...

for architectural and surveying work. Between 1867 and 1868, he designed the Brighton Hammam, a

Victorian Turkish bath Victorian Turkish bath or simply Turkish bath (though not to be confused with the traditional baths in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire) is a type of public bathhouse which was derived from the ''hammam'' (bathhouse) of the Islamic world and those ...

, for the newly formed Brighton Turkish Baths Company Ltd. In addition to Goulty, the Company Secretary and all six of the original directors were Freemasons. The Hammam, built by Goulty and Gibbins, was located at 57–59 West Street and cost £14,000. One commentator described the exterior as "rising like some

Moorish The term Moor, derived from the ancient Mauri, is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages. Moors are not a distinct or se ...

temple, resplendent with crimson and gilt". After closure in 1910, the building was converted into the Academy Cinema and was demolished in 1973. He became a

Freemason Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...

in December 1863. He was also a member of the Order of the

Knights Templar , colors = White mantle with a red cross , colors_label = Attire , march = , mascot = Two knights riding a single horse , equipment ...

Death

He died on 7 July 1869 in

Shoreham-by-Sea Shoreham-by-Sea (often shortened to Shoreham) is a coastal town and port in West Sussex, England. The town is bordered to its north by the South Downs, to its west by the Adur Valley and to its south by the River Adur and Shoreham Beach on the ...

, West Sussex, England. His funeral was held 12 days later at the Extra Mural Cemetery, where between 800 and 1,000 mourners were in attendance.

Notes

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Goulty, Horatio Nelson 1830s births 1869 deaths Architects from Brighton 19th-century English architects Freemasons of the United Grand Lodge of England