The Hitachi SR2201 was a

distributed memory In computer science, distributed memory refers to a multiprocessor computer system in which each processor has its own private memory. Computational tasks can only operate on local data, and if remote data are required, the computational task mu ...

parallel system that was introduced in March 1996 by Hitachi. Its processor, the 150 MHz HARP-1E based on the

PA-RISC PA-RISC is an instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Hewlett-Packard. As the name implies, it is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) architecture, where the PA stands for Precision Architecture. The design is also referred to as ...

1.1 architecture, solved the

cache miss In computing, a cache ( ) is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewher ...

penalty by pseudo

vector processing In computing, a vector processor or array processor is a central processing unit (CPU) that implements an instruction set where its instructions are designed to operate efficiently and effectively on large one-dimensional arrays of data called ...

(PVP). In PVP, data was loaded by prefetching to a special

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, bypassing the cache. Each processor had a peak performance of 300 MFLOPS, giving the SR2201 a peak performance of 600 GFLOPS. Up to 2048 RISC processors could be connected via a high-speed three-dimensional crossbar network, which was able to transfer data at 300 MB/s over each link. In February 1996, two 1024-node systems were installed at the

University of Tokyo , abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1877, the university was the first Imperial University and is currently a Top Type university of the Top Global University Project b ...

and the

University of Tsukuba is a public research university located in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is a top 10 Designated National University, and was ranked Type A by the Japanese government as part of the Top Global University Project. The university has 28 colle ...

. The latter was extended to the non-commercial CP-PACS system. An upgrade to a 2048-node system, which reached a peak speed of 614 GFLOPS, was completed at the end of September 1996. The CP-PACS was run by the Center for Computational Physics, formed for that purpose. The 1024 processor system of the SR2201 achieved 220.4 GFLOPS on the LINPACK benchmark, which corresponded to 72% of the peak performance.A. J. van der Steen, Overview of recent supercomputers, Publication of the NCF, Stichting Nationale Computer Faciliteiten, the Netherlands, January 1997.

References

External links

Hitachi SR2201 Massively Parallel Processor
Hitachi Ltd.

University of Tsukuba.
Center for Computational Physics
University of Tsukuba. {{DEFAULTSORT:Hitachi Sr2201 Hitachi Hitachi supercomputers 64-bit computers