The Hattersley loom was developed by George Hattersley and Sons of

Keighley Keighley ( ) is a market town and a civil parish in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford. Keighley is north-west of Bradford city centre, north-west of Bi ...

West Yorkshire West Yorkshire is a metropolitan and ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and Humber Region of England. It is an inland and upland county having eastward-draining valleys while taking in the moors of the Pennines. West Yorkshire came into exi ...

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

. The company had been started by Richard Hattersley after 1784, with his son, George Hattersley, later entering the business alongside him. The company developed a number of innovative

loom A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but th ...

s, of which the Hattersley Standard Loom – developed in 1921 – was a great success.

Hattersley Standard Loom

The Hattersley Standard Loom was designed and built in 1921. Thousands of models were expected to be sold, which would bring considerable financial success to the company. After the recapitalisation boom of 1919, cotton yarn production peaked in 1926 and further investment was sparse. Rayon, an artificial silk, was invented in the 1930s in nearby Silsden, and the Hattersley Silk Loom was adapted to weave this new fabric. Leeds_Industrial_Museum_Hattersley_standard_loom_7043.JPG, rear view Leeds Industrial Museum Hattersley standard loom 7046.JPG, left drop box Leeds Industrial Museum Hattersley standard loom dobby 7064.JPG, different drop box control chains Leeds Industrial Museum Hattersley standard loom healds 7045.JPG, right drop box Leeds_Industrial_Museum_Hattersley_standard_loom_shuttle_in_dropbox_7055.JPG, left drop box with shuttle Leeds Industrial Museum Hattersley standard loom 7051.JPG, another rear view Leeds Industrial Museum Hattersley standard loom 7052.JPG, shaft dobby mechanism Leeds Industrial Museum Hattersley standard loom batten 7048.JPG, front view with reed

Hattersley Domestic Loom

The plain Hattersley Domestic Loom was specially developed for

cottage A cottage, during Feudalism in England, England's feudal period, was the holding by a cottager (known as a Cotter (farmer), cotter or ''bordar'') of a small house with enough garden to feed a family and in return for the cottage, the cottager ...

or home use and designed to replace the wooden

handloom A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but th ...

; the Domestic is similar in construction to a

power loom A power loom is a mechanized loom, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. The first power loom was designed in 1786 by Edmund Cartwright and first built that same year. ...

. It was introduced ca.1900 and the makers claimed that a speed of 160 picks per minute could be easily attained with from 2 to 8 shafts weaving a variety of fabrics. Because foot pedals, or

treadle A treadle (from oe, tredan, "to tread") is a mechanism operated with a pedal for converting reciprocating motion into rotating motion. Along with cranks, treadmills, and treadwheels, treadles allow human and animal machine power in the absenc ...

s, operate the loom it is still classed as a handloom, but it is much easier and faster to weave as all the motions of the loom are connected via

crankshaft A crankshaft is a mechanical component used in a piston engine to convert the reciprocating motion into rotational motion. The crankshaft is a rotating shaft containing one or more crankpins, that are driven by the pistons via the connecting ...

and

gear A gear is a rotating circular machine part having cut teeth or, in the case of a cogwheel or gearwheel, inserted teeth (called ''cogs''), which mesh with another (compatible) toothed part to transmit (convert) torque and speed. The basic pr ...

wheels. The

cast metal In metalworking and jewelry making, casting is a process in which a liquid metal is delivered into a mold (usually by a crucible) that contains a negative impression (i.e., a three-dimensional negative image) of the intended shape. The metal is ...

chair, manufactured along with the loom, can be raised or lowered to suit, and the seat rocks forward and back as the weaver

s the loom.Interpretative panel at Bradford Industrial Museum There is an example in the Bradford Industrial Museum. The only known example of the Hattersley Domestic Weaving System in New Zealand is in use by Roderick McLean of McLean and Company in Oamaru.

Jacquard Tapestry Loom

Artworks could be replicated en masse by use of the Hattersley Jacquard (Tapestry) Loom. For example, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer's painting ''Bolton Abbey in Ye Olden Times'' was produced in tapestry form by a Jacquard Loom at a Franco-British exhibition in 1908. There is a Hattersley Jacquard (tapestry) loom located at

Queen Street Mill Queen Street Mill is a former weaving mill in Harle Syke, a suburb to the north-east of Burnley, Lancashire, that is a It was built in 1894 for the Queen Street Manufacturing Company. It closed on 12 March 1982 and was mothballed, but was su ...

Burnley Burnley () is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a 2001 population of 73,021. It is north of Manchester and east of Preston, at the confluence of the River Calder and River Bru ...

. Queen Street Mill - Woven Tapestry - geograph.org.uk - 528580.jpg, An example of a woven reproduction of ''Bolton Abbey in Ye Olden Times'', at

Museum. The original bright colours have faded. Jacquard_loom_p1040320.jpg, Jacquard head with Verdol endless paper card.

References

External links

History page from Hattersley Narrow Fabrics Ltd.
{{Weaving Weaving equipment