Hatice Halime Hatun
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Tacünnisa Hatice Halime Hatun ( ota, خديجة حليمة خاتون, "''respectful lady''" and "''the gentle/patient one''", - 1440), also known as Alime Hatun or Sultan Hatun, was a princess of the House of Candar as daughter of
İsfendiyar Bey İsfendiyar Bey (full name: İzzettin İsfendiyar) was the bey (ruler) of Candaroğlu Beylik an Anatolian beylik between 1385 and 1440 (Anatolia is the Asiatic part of Turkey). Although the name of the dynasty is ''Candar'', Ottoman Empire histori ...
, ruler of the Beylik of Candar. She was a consort of Sultan Murad II of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
. Following her death in 1440, her place as consort was taken by her niece Hatice Hatun, daughter of her brother Tâceddin Ibrâhim II Bey.


Biography

Born Tacünnisa Hatice Halime Sultan Hatun of the princely House of Candar, she was the daughter of Isfendiyâr, eighth ''
bey Bey ( ota, بك, beğ, script=Arab, tr, bey, az, bəy, tk, beg, uz, бек, kz, би/бек, tt-Cyrl, бәк, translit=bäk, cjs, пий/пек, sq, beu/bej, sh, beg, fa, بیگ, beyg/, tg, бек, ar, بك, bak, gr, μπέης) is ...
'' of the Candar Beylik. When Murad II, the
Ottoman sultan The sultans of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Osmanlı padişahları), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922. At its hei ...
, sided against Isfendiyar and alongside his rebellious son Kıvameddin Kazım Bey, to whom he betrothed one of his sisters, ''Fülane'' Sultan Hatun, Isfendiyar offered Murad peace and proposed to seal the deal with a double marriage. Murad accepted and in 1425, in Edirne, he married Isfendiyar's daughter, Halime Hatun, while another of Murad's sisters,
Selçuk Hatun Selçuk Hatun ( ota, سلچوق خاتون ; "''eloquent''"; 140725 October 1485) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed I and his Kumru Hatun. She was the half-sister of Murad II. Early life Selçuk Hatun was born in 1 ...
, married Tâceddin Ibrâhim II Bey, Isfendiyar's son and heir. In the same year, Halime bore Murad a son, Şehzade Isfendiyar, who died as newborn. With this dynastic union between the two houses, Murad II established an alliance with a powerful tribe against his most formidable enemy in Anatolia, the Beylik of Karaman, who had blocked his eastward expansion. The good relations between the two were preserved during the reign of the next sultan,
Mehmed II Mehmed II ( ota, محمد ثانى, translit=Meḥmed-i s̱ānī; tr, II. Mehmed, ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( ota, ابو الفتح, Ebū'l-fetḥ, lit=the Father of Conquest, links=no; tr, Fâtih Su ...
, who endowed members of the Candar dynasty with ''mülks'' (land grants) in the region of
Plovdiv Plovdiv ( bg, Пловдив, ), is the second-largest city in Bulgaria, standing on the banks of the Maritsa river in the historical region of Thrace. It has a population of 346,893 and 675,000 in the greater metropolitan area. Plovdiv is the c ...
and Didymoteicho, which were later transformed into ''
waqfs A waqf ( ar, وَقْف; ), also known as hubous () or ''mortmain'' property is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law. It typically involves donating a building, plot of land or other assets for Muslim religious or charitable ...
''. Hatice Halime Hatun was known as Murad's favorite consort, until Murad married Mara Branković in 1435. The jealousy between the two consorts initially resolved against Halime, who was expelled from the court and sent to
Bursa ( grc-gre, Προῦσα, Proûsa, Latin: Prusa, ota, بورسه, Arabic:بورصة) is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the ...
, but something happened between the autumn of 1436 and the spring of 1437 which prompted Murad to instead send Mara herself to
Bursa ( grc-gre, Προῦσα, Proûsa, Latin: Prusa, ota, بورسه, Arabic:بورصة) is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the ...
and recall Halime.


Death

Hatice Halime died in
Bursa ( grc-gre, Προῦσα, Proûsa, Latin: Prusa, ota, بورسه, Arabic:بورصة) is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the ...
in 1440.


After her death

A few years after Halime's death, Murad II married her niece Hatice Hatun, daughter of Halime's brother Tâceddin Ibrâhim II. In May 1450, Hatice bore Murad's last child, a son, Şehzade Ahmed, nicknamed ''Küçük Ahmed'' ("Ahmed the Younger") to distinguish him from his eponymous older half-brother, ''Büyük Ahmed'' ("Ahmed the Elder"). Murad died on February 1451, and his son
Mehmed II Mehmed II ( ota, محمد ثانى, translit=Meḥmed-i s̱ānī; tr, II. Mehmed, ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( ota, ابو الفتح, Ebū'l-fetḥ, lit=the Father of Conquest, links=no; tr, Fâtih Su ...
, born by of Hüma Hatun, assumed the throne. At the time, Murad's only other son alive was the newborn Ahmed of nine months. The succession, not regulated by a precise law, had always been a source of dispute within the Ottoman dynasty which had previously been the cause civil wars and as such, Mehmed decided to eliminate every risk by executing his newborn half-brother. Following his accession, on 18 February, he summoned Hatice to the throne room and, while she and his father Murad's consorts and concubines congratulated him on his accession and offered their condolences on his father's death, Mehmed sent Ali Bey, son of Gazi Evrenos, to Hatice's chambers with orders to either strangle or drown the child. Subsequently, Mehmed legitimized the act by issuing the Law of Fraticide, which until the end of the 17th century granted the sultan the power to execute, at his discretion, any male relative in line of succession to the throne.Namely the princes and their male descendants. However, male members of the dynasty descended from a princess were excluded, because descent in the female line was excluded from the line of succession. Later, Mehmed forced Hatice to marry Ishak Pasha, one of his father's officials and the new ''Beylerbey'' of Anatolia. The two had eight children, five sons named Halil Bey, Şadi Bey, Mustafa Çelebi, Piri Çelebi, and Ibrahim Bey, and three daughters named Hafsa Hatun, Fahrünnisa Hatun, and Şahzade Hatun.


Issue

By Murad II, she had a son: * Şehzade Isfendiyar (1425–1425)


References


Sources

* * * * * * * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Hatun, Halime Hatice 15th-century consorts of Ottoman sultans Princesses People from Devrekani 1410s births 1440 deaths