HMS Perth

HMS ''Perth'' was a steamship that was built in Scotland in 1915, renamed ''Lafonia'' in 1946 and ''Valfiorita'' in 1950, and scrapped in Italy in 1962. She was designed as a coastal passenger and cargo liner, but was completed in the First World War as an armed boarding steamer for the Royal Navy. In the Second World War she was converted into an ocean boarding vessel, and served also as a convoy rescue ship.

The ship did see merchant service: with the Dundee, Perth & London Shipping Company Ltd in the 1920s and 1930s, the Falkland Islands Company in the late 1950s, and with successive Italian from 1950 until she was scrapped in Italy in 1962.

The Dundee, Perth & London Shipping Co Ltd was founded in 1826. In its long history it had six ships called ''Perth'', named after the city of Perth in Perthshire. The ship built in 1915 was the fifth of these. She is the only Royal Navy ship ever to have been called ''Perth''.

Building

The Caledon Shipbuilding & Engineering Company built ''Perth'' as yard number 240. She was launched on 15 February 1915 and completed that July.

Her dimensions were similar to those of , which Caledon had built for the Dundee, Perth & London Shipping Co in 1911. ''Perth''s registered length was , her beam was and her depth was . Her tonnages were and . She had a three-cylinder triple-expansion steam engine that was rated at 345 NHP, which gave her a speed of .

The Dundee, Perth & London Shipping Co Ltd registered ''Perth'' in Dundee. Her UK official number was 123346 and her code letters were JLNW.

''Perth''

The Admiralty requisitioned the ship from new and had her completed as an armed boarding steamer. She was armed with three 4.7 inch guns and commissioned into the Royal Navy as HMS ''Perth''.

''Perth'' was in Royal Navy service by 25 October 1915. She was assigned to the East Indies Station. She left Dundee on 17 November, and sailed via Devonport, Gibraltar, Malta, Port Said, the Suez Canal and Aden to the island of Perim, where she arrived on 20 December. Perim is in the Bab-el-Mandeb, the strait between the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. Britain then used Perim as a coaling station and naval base. The Royal Navy assigned ''Perth'' to patrol in and around the Red Sea. She visited ports including Suez, Port Sudan, Kamaran, Jeddah, Aden, Berbera, Elaiya, Gizan, Mokha, Hodeida, Damo and Loheiya.

On 15 June 1916, ''Perth'' took part in a joint sea, air and land attack on the Ottoman Army garrison at Jeddah. ''Perth'' and the cruiser entered the inner harbour and bombarded the town walls. A seaplane from bombed Ottoman positions. The British bombardment supported Hejaz irregular forces, who had been attacking Jeddah since 10 June. The Ottoman garrison surrendered the next day. This cut off a supply route to the Ottoman garrison defending Mecca, which then fell to Hejaz irregulars on 4 July.

For repairs and refitting, ''Perth'' paid two visits to the Royal Indian Navy dockyard in Bombay in British India. The first was in October and early November 1916, and the second was in November and December 1917.

On 22 August 1918 ''Perth'' left Perim for the last time. She sailed via the Suez Canal, and Port Said to Alexandria, where she joined a convoy that went via Bizerta and Gibraltar to home waters. On 1 October the convoy was crossing the Bay of Biscay, on a zig-zag course to reduce the risk of attack. ''Perth'' was zig-zgging ahead of the convoy when she sighted the . ''Perth''s guns engaged the submarine at a range of . ''U-139'' returned fire, damaging ''Perth'' and killing her paymaster and a sub-lieutenant. The U-boat dived and torpedoed two cargo ships in the convoy: the British ''Bylands'' and Italian ''Manin''. ''Perth'' rescued ''Bylands'' crew, and inspected the abandoned ''Manin'', and then buried her dead at sea.

On 3 October ''Perth'' left the convoy for Milford Haven and then Pembroke Dock, where she arrived on 5 October to discharge cargo and be repaired. On 10 October she reached Avonmouth in England, where she exchanged her ammunition and bunkered. She returned to Milford Haven, where she left on 1 November escorting a convoy to Gibraltar, arriving on 7 November.

''Perth'' was still in Gibraltar when the Armistice of 11 November 1918 was signed. She left on 14 November, reached Plymouth in England on 17 November, and entered Devonport on 20 November. In December 1918 she was returned to her owners.

In the interwar period ''Perth'' fulfilled the rôle for which she had been designed: running a coastal cargo and passenger service between Dundee and ports on the east coast of England, usually Tilbury. She also made occasional voyages to Southend-on-Sea, Brighton, or the Netherlands. But passenger numbers declined, and by the late 1930s she was sailing only in the summer.

By 1920 ''Perth'' was equipped for wireless telegraphy, and by 1930 her Maritime call sign, call sign was GQXB. She had an echo sounding device by 1934.

In 1940 the Admiralty requisitioned her again, and she was converted into an ocean boarding vessel. During the war she served also as a convoy rescue ship, for which her equipment included high-frequency direction finding. In the Battle of the Atlantic she sailed in more than 60 convoys and rescued 455 seafarers, making her one of the most successful convoy rescue ships of the war.

''Lafonia'' and ''Valfiorita''

In 1946 the Falkland Islands Company bought the ship and renamed her ''Lafonia''. In 1950 Lloyd Mediterraneo SpA bought her, renamed her ''Valfiorita'' and registered her in Port of Civitavecchia, Rome. By 1959 she was equipped with wireless direction finding.

In 1960 Carlo Lolli-Ghetti & C, SpA bought her and registered her in Port of Venice, Venice or Ancona. She was scrapped in San Giorgio di Nogaro, with work starting on 5 November 1962.

See also

*, a similar Dundee, Perth & London Shipping Company coastal liner, which also served as an armed boarding steamer.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Perth

1915 ships
Armed boarding steamers of the Royal Navy
Merchant ships of Italy
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Passenger ships of the United Kingdom
Steamships of Italy
Steamships of the United Kingdom
World War I naval ships of the United Kingdom
World War II naval ships of the United Kingdom