Government Junta of Chile (1829)
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Government Junta of Chile ( es, Junta de Gobierno) (December 24, 1829 - February 18, 1830) was the political structure established to rule
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
following the defeat of the Liberal army at the Battle of Ochagavía. It ruled the country until February 18, 1830, when
Francisco Ruiz-Tagle Francisco Antonio Pascual de la Ascensión Ruiz de Tagle y Portales (; c. 1790 – March 23, 1860) was a Chilean political figure. In 1830, he was briefly Provisional President of the Republic of Chile, elected by Congress. Biography He was b ...
assumed as the new
Acting President An acting president is a person who temporarily fills the role of a country's president when the incumbent president is unavailable (such as by illness or a vacation) or when the post is vacant (such as for death, injury, resignation, dismissal ...
.


Creation

When the Chilean Civil War of 1829 broke out between the conservative centralists and the liberal federalists, President
Francisco Antonio Pinto Francisco Antonio Pinto y Díaz de la Puente (; July 23, 1785 – July 18, 1858) was a Chilean politician who served as President of Chile between 1827 and 1829. Early life He was born in Santiago, the son of Joaquín Pinto and Mercedes D ...
was forced twice to leave the post of president to
Francisco Ramón Vicuña Francisco Ramón de Vicuña Larraín (; September 9, 1775 – January 13, 1849) was a Chilean political figure. He served twice as acting President of Chile in 1829. Francisco Vicuña was of Basque descent. Early life He was born in Santiag ...
. First, from July 14 to October 19, when Vicuña assumed as ''President Delegate'', and then finally when he resigned on November 2 and Vicuña assumed power. On December 7, 1829 the conservative troops under General
José Joaquín Prieto José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...
, commander of the southern army, approached Santiago from the South. The conservative army decided to halt the march onto Santiago for a while and camped a few miles outside the city. The government under Vicuña fled northward towards
Coquimbo Coquimbo is a port city, commune and capital of the Elqui Province, located on the Pan-American Highway, in the Coquimbo Region of Chile. Coquimbo is situated in a valley south of La Serena, with which it forms Greater La Serena with more than ...
but were captured before arriving there. On December 14, 1829 General Prieto and his troops met the liberal army under
Francisco de la Lastra General Francisco de la Lastra y de la Sotta (; October 4, 1777 – May 13, 1852) was a Chilean military officer and the first Supreme Director of Chile (1814). Biography He was born in Santiago de Chile, the son of Antonio de la Lastra Cor ...
and defeated them at the Battle of Ochagavía. After the battle, the two military leaders, Prieto and de la Lastra, signed a peace treaty which complicated the political situation further since the real decision power on the Liberal side was in the hands of
Ramón Freire Ramón Freire Serrano (; November 29, 1787 – December 9, 1851) was a Chilean political figure. He was head of state on several occasions, and enjoyed a numerous following until the War of the Confederation. Ramón Freire was one of the pr ...
and not in the de la Lastra, who acted in this matter without previous consent. Meanwhile, President Vicuña and his ministers were imprisoned by the victorious conservative troops in Valparaiso. Chile was without a leader for a few weeks (from December 7 to 24, 1829) until a Government Junta was organized and took control, under a neutral
José Tomás Ovalle José Tomás Ovalle y Bezanilla (; December 21, 1787 – March 21, 1831) was a Chilean political figure. He served twice as provisional president of Chile. Early life He was born in Santiago, the son of Vicente María Ovalle Guzmán and of María ...
(the only one who was acceptable to both sides), in order to avoid the continuance of hostilities.


Members


History

This junta ruled the country from December 24, 1829 to February 18, 1830. Real power was still retained by
Ramón Freire Ramón Freire Serrano (; November 29, 1787 – December 9, 1851) was a Chilean political figure. He was head of state on several occasions, and enjoyed a numerous following until the War of the Confederation. Ramón Freire was one of the pr ...
who organized a liberal convention with the intention of calling for new general elections and the formation of a new Congress. At the same time, the conservatives who were in control of Santiago also called for their own convention, where an agreement was reached between
Ramón Freire Ramón Freire Serrano (; November 29, 1787 – December 9, 1851) was a Chilean political figure. He was head of state on several occasions, and enjoyed a numerous following until the War of the Confederation. Ramón Freire was one of the pr ...
and
José Antonio Rodríguez Aldea José Antonio Rodríguez Aldea (August 6, 1779 – June 3, 1841) was a Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarc ...
, head of the O'Higgins party, which nominated
Francisco Ruiz-Tagle Francisco Antonio Pascual de la Ascensión Ruiz de Tagle y Portales (; c. 1790 – March 23, 1860) was a Chilean political figure. In 1830, he was briefly Provisional President of the Republic of Chile, elected by Congress. Biography He was b ...
as acting president.


Additional information


See also

*
History of Chile The territory of Chile has been populated since at least 3000 BC. By the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors began to colonize the region of present-day Chile, and the territory was a colony between 1540 and 1818, when it gained independence from ...
* List of Government Juntas of Chile *
List of Heads of State This is a list of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly in presidential systems, there is only one leader being both head of state and head of government. In other cases, mainly in semi-presidential and parliament ...
Government of Chile Chilean Civil War of 1829–30 {{chile-hist-stub