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Ghost Town Village (formerly "Ghost Town in the Sky at Ghost Mountain Park") is an abandoned
Wild West The American frontier, also known as the Old West or the Wild West, encompasses the geography, history, folklore, and culture associated with the forward wave of American expansion in mainland North America that began with European colonial ...
-themed
amusement park An amusement park is a park that features various attractions, such as rides and games, as well as other events for entertainment purposes. A theme park is a type of amusement park that bases its structures and attractions around a central ...
in
Maggie Valley, North Carolina Maggie Valley is a town in Haywood County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,150 at the 2010 census. A popular tourist destination, it is home to Cataloochee Ski Area and the former Ghost Town in the Sky amusement park. Maggie ...
, United States that is currently, as of October 2019, under contract for possible sale. It sits atop Buck Mountain, with a top elevation of . Ghost Town is promoted as "North Carolina's mile-high theme park."


History


Location

The park is located on a ridge extending from Buck Mountain border, an extension of the Cataloochee Divide, to the
Great Smoky Mountains National Park Great Smoky Mountains National Park is an American national park in the southeastern United States, with parts in North Carolina and Tennessee. The park straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains, whi ...
. The park's entrance is located on U.S. Highway 19, the main road through the town of
Maggie Valley Maggie Valley is a town in Haywood County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,150 at the 2010 census. A popular tourist destination, it is home to Cataloochee Ski Area and the former Ghost Town in the Sky amusement park. Maggie V ...
. An unusual aspect of this park is that it is located atop a mountain which originally could only be accessed by visitors via a
chair lift An elevated passenger ropeway, or chairlift, is a type of aerial lift, which consists of a continuously circulating steel wire rope loop strung between two end terminals and usually over intermediate towers, carrying a series of chairs. They ...
or an inclined
funicular A funicular (, , ) is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite en ...
railway. Attempts to move visitors to the park by bus proved problematic.(At one time visiting the closed park was possible via an abandoned road, but it is a private property and as of October 2019 the new owners have increased security and limited access.) These methods of transport to the park started at the parking area beside Jonathan Creek at an elevation of , climbing to the lower level of the park at , a climb of . The recreated "Ghost Town" sits at , with the highest elevation in the park being about .


Construction

Ghost Town was the brainchild of R.B. Coburn, a Covington, VA native who moved to Maggie Valley, North Carolina. Originally, it was planned that the park would be placed between the towns of
Waynesville, North Carolina Waynesville is a town and the county seat of Haywood County, North Carolina. It is the largest town in North Carolina west of Asheville. Waynesville is located about southwest of Asheville between the Great Smoky and Blue Ridge Mountains. As ...
and
Clyde, North Carolina Clyde is a town in Haywood County, North Carolina, United States. The 2010 census recorded the population at 1,223 people. It is part of the Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area. History Prior to European colonization, the area that is now Cly ...
, but future owner Alaska Presley suggested the mountain top locale. Local investors provided much of the needed capital for the park in the form of
debenture In corporate finance, a debenture is a medium- to long-term debt instrument used by large companies to borrow money, at a fixed rate of interest. The legal term "debenture" originally referred to a document that either creates a debt or acknowl ...
bonds, beginning in 1959. The name of the park was provided by the child of one of the investors. The park was designed by Russell Pearson and constructed for approximately $1 million in 1960, and inspired by Coburn's trips to the western United States. Over two hundred locals help construct the 40 replica buildings that comprised the Western Town, located at the Mountain’s peak. About 120,000 square feet of building were constructed, using 300,000 feet of lumber, 200,000 feet of plywood, and 20,000 pounds of nails.


Opening

The park opened on May 1, 1961 and quickly became one of Western North Carolina's most popular tourist attractions. It showcased a double incline railway to bring park visitors to the top of Buck Mountain, a journey of more than 3,300 feet. The park added a two seat chair lift, which at the time was the longest in North Carolina and the second longest in the USA. In the early 1960s, the park hosted several stars of TV Westerns, such as Laramie and Wagon Trail. Hourly staged gun fights on the main street were a big draw as well.


1960s-1986

At one point, 620,000 people visited Ghost Town each year.Bill Studenc, "Maggie Valley Considers Loan for Ghost Town," ''Asheville Citizen-Times'', May 14, 2009. It averaged about 500,000 per year, with the chairlift moving 1,200 people per hour. The park became a major economic driver for the town The park was sold in 1973 to National Services for a stock swap. One source stated that the park suffered under this ownership as the small park was not a major concern for the company. In 1982, performers from the park performed at the
World's Fair A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specif ...
in Knoxville. TN. In 1983, country music stars including
Mel Tillis Lonnie Melvin Tillis (August 8, 1932 – November 19, 2017) was an American country music singer and songwriter. Although he recorded songs since the late 1950s, his biggest success occurred in the 1970s as part of the outlaw country movement, ...
,
Reba McEntire Reba Nell McEntire (born March 28, 1955), or simply Reba, is an American country music singer and actress. Dubbed " the Queen of Country", she has sold more than 75 million records worldwide. Since the 1970s, McEntire has placed over 100 single ...
and the
Statler Brothers The Statler Brothers (sometimes simply referred to as The Statlers) were an American country music, gospel, and vocal group. The quartet was formed in 1955 performing locally, and from 1964 to 1972, they sang as opening act and backup singers fo ...
performed at the park. In 1984, a roller coaster planned, sponsored by
Coors Beer The Coors Brewing Company started as an American brewery and beer company in Golden, Colorado. In 2005, Adolph Coors Company, the holding company that owned Coors Brewing, merged with Molson, Inc. to become Molson Coors. The first Coors brew ...
at a cost of one million dollars. The name of the coaster was a nod to the sponsor. The area was cleared for the coaster. In 1986, Coburn bought it back in 1986 and constructed the park's famous Red Devil
roller coaster A roller coaster, or rollercoaster, is a type of amusement ride that employs a form of elevated railroad track designed with tight turns, steep slopes, and sometimes inversions. Passengers ride along the track in open cars, and the rides are o ...
.


Decline

In its later years under Coburn's ownership, the park suffered from mismanagement and a lack of maintenance. The Red Devil, Goldrusher, Sea Dragon, Monster, Mountain Town Swings, Undertaker, Dream Catcher, Casino, Round Up, Lil Devil and Silver Bullet rides were regularly breaking down and rarely opened, causing many visitors to tell others not to go. The chairlift and incline railway also required constant maintenance and repair. Coburn spent thousands of dollars maintaining them. The attendance number declined to 340,000 by 2008.Andre Rodriguez, "Ghost Town Back in Business," ''Asheville Citizen-Times'', May 28, 2009.


Closure

On July 16, 2002, the chairlift stopped, stranding passengers for over two hours. With fewer people visiting Ghost Town because of the bad condition of the park, Coburn closed Ghost Town a few days after the chairlift failure and put the park up for sale. The park remained closed and unmaintained for the next four years, leading many to believe that nobody would buy the park because of the bad condition of the rides.


Re-opening


2007

Ghost Town was sold in August 2006 to Ghost Town Partners, LLC and reopened on May 25, 2007 after $38 million was spent on renovations and improvements.Jason Sandford, "Ghost Town in the Sky, one of WNC's most unique tourist attractions comes back to life", ''Asheville Citizen-Times'', July 7, 2012. Loans of $10 million were obtained from
BB&T BB&T Corporation (previously known as the Branch Banking and Trust Company) was one of the largest banking and financial services firms in the United States, based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. In 2019, BB&T announced its intentions to merge ...
; All of the rides were reopened except the incline railway, the train and the Monster. The opening of the park in May was scheduled closely by Dean Teaster and Hank Woodburn so the motion picture ''Dean Teaster's Ghost Town,'' which was filmed in the western town could premiere that same weekend. While attendance numbers were not announced, tourism to Haywood County increased 22%. Plans were announced to restore the railway, the train and the monster in the next season.


2008

The
Financial crisis of 2007–2008 Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is related to, but not synonymous with economics, the study of production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and services (the discipline of fi ...
had a negative effect on tourism and attendance at the park.


2009

In 2009, after more than $11 million had been spent, $6 million of that on the Cliffhanger roller coaster, Ghost Town filed for
bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debtor ...
. The
economy An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the ...
and high gas prices the previous year were blamed for the park's problems, but managing partner Lynn Sylvester said reopening was planned for May 15 and the park would continue to operate. By mid-May 2009, the park's rides had not been inspected and Ghost Town claimed to need a $330,000 loan in order to reopen for the summer on May 22. The park asked the town for that money. Failure to secure the loan would have probably meant the loss of 200 jobs and a $2 million payroll, as well as impacting local businesses who benefited from park visitors. An anonymous investor provided the money, according to park president Steve Shiver, so a vote by the town on the loan request became unnecessary and the park opened as planned except for rides that had not been inspected. The park also added a new ride, Geronimo Drop, which had been at
Libertyland Libertyland was an amusement park located in Memphis, Tennessee. Opened on July 4, 1976, it was located at 940 Early Maxwell Blvd. It was structured under the nonprofit 501(c)4 US tax code. It closed due to financial reasons in 2005. History ...
in
Memphis, Tennessee Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the seat of Shelby County in the southwest part of the state; it is situated along the Mississippi River. With a population of 633,104 at the 2020 U.S. census, Memphis is the second-mos ...
and was bought by Ghost Town in 2007. Shiver said the park had a $27 million plan to improve the park over four to five years, including moving and adding rides and introducing new events. Ghost Town continued to struggle financially until the end of the 2009 season, when the park closed while the owners dealt with bankruptcy issues amid complaints that employees were not being paid. Owners of the Smokey Mountain Railroad in Bryson City attempted to purchase the property, but were unable to obtain financing.


Attempted re-openings


2010

On February 5, 2010, a massive mudslide occurred when retaining walls on the Ghost Town property gave way. Although there were no injuries, more than 40 homes had to be evacuated and three homes were damaged around the mountain. The park itself sustained damage, but to what extent is not publicly known. This led to speculation that the park would not open at all for the 2010 season. Shiver announced on a local news program that the park was still slated to open on Memorial Day weekend, but this did not happen. Federal funding was granted to the park in the amount of $1.3 million for the clean-up of its main access road, Rich Cove, which was buried in the slide. In early March, 2010, a judge ruled in favor of the park's largest creditors,
SunTrust SunTrust Banks, Inc. was an American bank holding company with SunTrust Bank as its largest subsidiary and assets of US$199 billion as of March 31, 2018. The bank's most direct corporate parent was established in 1891 in Atlanta, where it was h ...
and
BB&T BB&T Corporation (previously known as the Branch Banking and Trust Company) was one of the largest banking and financial services firms in the United States, based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. In 2019, BB&T announced its intentions to merge ...
, to proceed with foreclosure on Ghost Town and sell the property to begin paying off the park's $9 million debt to SunTrust and $5 million debt to BB&T. Ghost Town partners negotiated a separate deal with SunTrust and BB&T which gave them until May 31 to come up with an alternate plan to allow the park to continue operating if funding was obtained. On May 4, a judge approved a takeover bid by American Heritage Family Parks, who pledged to pay SunTrust $7 million of its debt, BB&T its entire $5 million of debt and pay $100,000 in back taxes to Haywood County. The park was said to be allowed to open for the season while details of the sale were worked out. Instead, the park remained closed.


2011

In April 2011, the bankruptcy administrator recommended dismissing the case, citing the failure of Ghost Town partners to submit a sufficient reorganization plan to pay its debts. This allowed foreclosure proceedings to continue as the park was no longer protected under Chapter 11.


2012

In February 2012, the park was purchased at public auction by Alaska Presley for $2.5 million. Presley, a Maggie Valley businesswoman involved with the park since its beginning, hoped to have at least a portion of the park open for the end of the 2012 season. On June 29, 2012, the park's A-frame entrance opened to the public for the first time in four years for gifts to be sold. The chairlift was also open and tours of the town could be taken.


2013

A limited opening of the park was planned for 2013. During the four years the park was idle and without security, the property was subject to vandalism and theft. In addition, damage from the 2010 retaining wall failure had to be repaired. New laws required millions of dollars to be spent on labor and time lost due to state inspections. Wells for private water were condemned because they were too close to potentially unacceptable objects. Four new wells were drilled and all were failures except one of limited output. The option of city water was decided and virtually every piece and part of an old system had to be replaced. During the Winter, Presley began plans for Resurrection Mountain, a replica of the
Holy Land The Holy Land; Arabic: or is an area roughly located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Eastern Bank of the Jordan River, traditionally synonymous both with the biblical Land of Israel and with the region of Palestine. The term "Holy ...
.


2014

In February, Presley attempted to develop a winter attraction for the area but funding was an issue. In July, the park opened later than planned after having issues with ride inspections. In November 2014, Ghost Town was listed for sale with an asking price of $3 million by Action Creak Realty. The sale of the lower half of the property, which housed the Western theme park, was placed up for sale to attract investors for Presley's redevelopment of the upper portion of the property as a "Holy Land replica theme park." On January 24, 2015 the property was taken off the market, prompted by major progress in the redevelopment of other parts of the property.


2015

Despite a planned opening, many issues including water pressure problems as well as issues with the chair lift prevented the park from opening. On October 22, 2015, the park announced the rebranding of the park to Ghost Town Village with a planned opening on June 1, 2016. The rebranded park was to feature gunfights, the chairlift, Appalachian themed gift shops, ziplines, a museum, a paintball course, arcade and horseback riding. According to park management, the rebranding was due to the park's inability to reopen any of its former roller coasters and rides as the repair costs were too high. On June 2, 2016, park management announced that the park would not open in 2016 and was again being offered for sale.


2016

The planned reopening failed to materialize as issues were reported with vendors and staff.


2018

As of July 2018, the park was being called Ghost Town Adventures and planned to reopen in fall 2018, after renovation and work on the skylift. Lamar Berry and his partners were working on a purchase agreement for the park property from Alaska Presley. Investors however bailed on the project. An unaffiliated group attempted to purchase the park, Ghost Town Maggie Valley LLC. (Some of the members had also worked with Berry) but they failed to get funding as well.


2019

Later, a reopening was planned for spring 2019, with a planned expansion and a renaming to Appalachian Village, but as of July 2019, it was being sold again, with an asking price of $5.9 million. Vandalism was one of the reasons the park had not reopened. As of October 2019, new investors had a contract and were completing due diligence with an eye to reopen the park.


2020

As of July 2020, work at the site and purchase of the property is still proceeding.


2021

With the purchase of the park complete, the new owners plan a $200 million investment to revitalize the park, in addition other upgrades for Maggie Valley are planned to help accommodate the expected increase in tourism. These plans include niche retail, a hotel and a
Biltmore Village Biltmore Village, formerly Best, is a small village that is now entirely in the city limits of Asheville, North Carolina and near the town of Biltmore Forest. It is adjacent to the main entrance of the Biltmore Estate, built by George W. Vande ...
style housing area. The goal of the new owners is to preserve the original experience. The plan includes a
Broadway at the Beach __NOTOC__ Broadway at the Beach is a shopping center and entertainment complex located in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Broadway at the Beach is owned and operated by Burroughs & Chapin. The $250 million attraction is set on in the heart of Myrtl ...
style attraction at the base and an RV resort. The plan includes local businesses to enhance the entire area. It was hoped that at least a portion opens late 2021, although the COVID pandemic and local concerns about the impact of increased tourism combined to Delay the opening.


2022

On April 4, 2022, Ghost Town owner Alaska Presley died at the age of 98. Following her passing, the future of Ghost Town as far as ownership of the property is concerned, is uncertain as Presley was still the titled owner of the park property at the time of her death. As of August 31, 2022, various lawsuits have been filed and the matter may be settled by the courts.


Features

The park is divided into several "towns" located at different elevations of the mountain, each with a different theme. Among these are the "Indian Village", "Mountain Town" and "Mining Town." The heart of the park is the recreated Old West town, complete with two saloons, a schoolhouse, bank, jail and church and various other businesses. Each hour, a gunfight was staged in the street, with visitors lining up to watch on the board sidewalks. The "Silver Dollar Saloon" featured hourly shows of Old West can-can dancers, while the "Red Dog Saloon" featured live country and bluegrass music performances throughout the day. "Indian Village" featured shows about Indian life in Old West days, including a deer hunt and a raid on a frontier settlement. "Mining Town" had areas where people could pan for gold and silver. It also had shows about life in mining settlements. "Mountain Town" featured shows about life in the Smoky Mountains. At the terminus of the chairlift and incline railway is the "Heritage Town Square," a 2007 addition to the park. This area featured a museum chronicling the history of "Ghost Town", a restaurant, the Freefall, the casino and the Cliffhanger. Originally opened in 1988, Red Devil was renamed Cliffhanger in 2007 and given a new paint job. The coaster is unique in that rather than boarding the train and being towed up the lift hill, its boarding station is at the top of the hill. Once riders boarded, the train rolled out of the station, around a 90-degree curve and then over the main drop and into its one inverted loop. The rest of the track extends over the edge of the mountain with great views of the surrounding mountains. Cliffhanger's reopening was pushed back through the 2007 and 2008 seasons because of necessary major repairs. It opened on June 30, 2009, but was closed less than two days later after a ride operator detected something wrong with one of the train's seats. State inspectors on site discovered a hairline crack in the seat's frame next to a bolt that attached the seat to the rest of the car. Rotational Motion, who built the custom cars for Ghost Town, was tasked with finding a solution. The coaster began operating again during the last few weeks of the 2009 season with no reported problems. During a test run the day before Ghost Town's 2010 season began, there was a problem with one of the train's wheel chassis. Contrary to reports, the train did not derail, but came to an abrupt halt. Shiver said that Cliffhanger would be closed until a new train was purchased. The other roller coaster operating at Ghost Town is a children's small coaster, Tumbleweed. It was originally named Lil Devil, but received a name change along with Red Devil/Cliffhanger. Above Ghost Town, a section of the park hosts a variety of standard amusement rides and the "Mountain Top Music Hall" and "Indian Dance Hall." All of the rides are situated at the edge of the mountain, with one ("The Gun Slinger") that swings out over the mountainside. A new feature in 2009 was "The House of Terror," a haunted house open during the Halloween season.


Sister parks

Pearson and Coburn also opened Frontierland in Cherokee North Carolina in 1964, then another Wild West theme park: Six Gun Territory in
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
.Themountaineer.com
Retrieved on 2009-03-13.
Attempts by R.B. Coburn to open a park in
Ocala, Florida Ocala ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Marion County within the northern region of Florida, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city's population was 63,591, making it the 54th most populated city in Florida. Home to ...
from profits from the sale of this park failed to succeed.


In popular culture

In October and November 2006, a movie was filmed at the park. The film, titled ''Ghost Town: The Movie'', was directed by Haywood County native Dean Teaster and technical director Jeff Kennedy. The film starred
Bill McKinney William Denison McKinney (September 12, 1931 – December 1, 2011) was an American character actor. He played the sadistic mountain man in John Boorman's 1972 film ''Deliverance'' and appeared in seven Clint Eastwood films, most notably as Capt ...
and Herbert Coward,
DJ Perry DJ Perry (born June 23, 1970, in Lansing, Michigan, U.S.) is an American actor, film producer, and screenwriter. Career A graduate of Michigan State University, as CEO of Collective Development Inc. and former vice-president of Lionheart Film ...
,
Renee O'Connor Evelyn Renee O'Connor (born February 15, 1971) is an American actress, producer, and director, known for the role of Gabrielle on the television series '' Xena: Warrior Princess''. Early life Born in Houston, and raised in suburban Katy, Texas, ...
,
Terrance Knox Terrance is a given name. Notable people with the name include: People * Terrance Brennan, American chef and restaurateur * Terrance Carroll (born 1969), American lawyer, minister, Speaker of the Colorado House of Representatives * Terrance Cauth ...
, and Princess Lucaj with appearances by
Rance Howard Rance Howard (born Harold Engle Beckenholdt; November 17, 1928 – November 25, 2017) was an American actor who starred in film and on television. He was the father of actor and filmmaker Ron Howard and actor Clint Howard, and grandfather of actr ...
and
Stella Parton Stella Mae Parton (born May 4, 1949) is an American country singer and songwriter widely known for a series of country singles that charted during the mid-to-late-1970s, her biggest hit being "I Want to Hold You in My Dreams Tonight" in 1975. Sh ...
( Dolly's sister). The movie was based on the legend of Harmon Teaster, a Haywood County native from Cold Springs now named Harmon Den Game Refuge Area, and premiered at the Eaglenest Entertainment Center in Maggie Valley on June 2, 2007. The inspiration of the movie came from Haywood County native Dean Teaster who had a story to tell about his ancestor Harmon Teaster and Ghost Town in the Sky, where he spent many summers as a child. Teaster's desire was to capture Ghost Town in the Sky as how it might have looked in the late 1870s. ''Ghost Town: The Movie'', later titled ''Dean Teaster's Ghost Town,'' at the time of release on Lionsgate label was listed the most rented Western film by "Rentrax" reporting service. This position held for sixteen weeks after its release. The rename was due to Paramount releasing their movie titled ''
Ghost Town Ghost Town(s) or Ghosttown may refer to: * Ghost town, a town that has been abandoned Film and television * Ghost Town (1936 film), ''Ghost Town'' (1936 film), an American Western film by Harry L. Fraser * Ghost Town (1956 film), ''Ghost Town'' ...
'' a month prior to the Lionsgate release of ''Ghost Town: The Movie.'' The movie brought elements of the original gunfight staged plays written by RB Coburn and Hubert Presley from the early 1960 era. Some of the gunfighters in the movie were the original gunfighter crew of 1961. Dean Teaster wanted to capture some of the original park design by Coburn, to keep it forever forged on film. Dean Teaster also brought his fathers character "Digger the Undertaker", back to life in the film to give tribute to his fathers original first creation of Coburn's "Digger the Undertaker". While Robert Teaster is noted as being one of the original "Internationally Famous Ghost Town Gunfighters" as well as the first undertaker, many others shared in this movie tribute to the first gunfighter crew. A marble stone was erected at the base of the mountain after filming as a tribute to the first gunfighter crews and the Hollywood stars that performed there. Two independent films were filmed at the park, ''Mandie and the Secret Tunnel'' (2008) and ''Ringside Rosary'' (2010). On March 13, 2020, popular YouTuber and internet personality Jimmy Donaldson, known by
MrBeast Jimmy Donaldson (born May 7, 1998), better known as MrBeast, is an American YouTube personality, credited with pioneering a genre of YouTube videos that centers on expensive stunts. His MrBeast YouTube channel had 112.2 million subscribers as ...
, alongside YouTube channel,
Yes Theory Yes Theory is an American digital media brand built around a YouTube channel founded by Thomas Brag, Ammar Kandil, Matt Dajer, and Derin Emre. Yes Theory first gained national media attention in November 2015 with their message of inclusivity in ...
, released videos where Jimmy hosted a $70,000 hide-and-seek competition throughout the park.


See also

*
List of funicular railways This is a list of funicular railways, organised by place within country and continent. The funiculars range from short urban lines to significant multi-section mountain railways. A funicular railway is distinguished from the similar incline eleva ...


References


External links

*
Screamscape: Ghost Town reopening in 2007


* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20090912055713/http://www.coasterimage.com/pictures/ghost-town-in-the-sky-pictures Ghost Town In The Sky Photos {{DEFAULTSORT:Ghost Town In The Sky Amusement parks in North Carolina Western (genre) theme parks Landmarks in North Carolina Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2009 Buildings and structures in Haywood County, North Carolina Entertainment companies established in 1961 1961 establishments in North Carolina 2016 disestablishments in North Carolina Amusement parks opened in 1961 2012 mergers and acquisitions Defunct amusement parks in the United States Modern ruins