Fluocinolone acetonide is a
corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones. Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, are involv ...
primarily used in
dermatology
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin.''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.'' Random House, Inc. 2001. Page 537. . It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. A dermatologist is a specialist medical ...
to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching. It is a synthetic
hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone is the name for the hormone cortisol when supplied as a medication. Uses include conditions such as adrenocortical insufficiency, adrenogenital syndrome, high blood calcium, thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, asthma, ...
derivative. The fluorine substitution at position 9 in the steroid nucleus greatly enhances its activity. It was first synthesized in 1959 in the Research Department of Syntex Laboratories S.A. Mexico City. Preparations containing it were first marketed under the name Synalar. A typical dosage strength used in dermatology is 0.01–0.025%. One such cream is sold under the brand name Flucort-N and includes the antibiotic
neomycin
Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that displays bactericidal activity against gram-negative aerobic bacilli and some anaerobic bacilli where resistance has not yet arisen. It is generally not effective against gram-positive bacilli and an ...
.
Fluocinolone acetonide was also found to strongly potentiate TGF-β-associated
chondrogenesis
Chondrogenesis is the process by which cartilage is developed.
Cartilage in fetal development
In embryogenesis, the skeletal system is derived from the mesoderm germ layer. Chondrification (also known as chondrogenesis) is the process by which ...
of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, by increasing the levels of collagen type II by more than 100 fold compared to the widely used dexamethasone.
Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implants have been used to treat non-infectious
uveitis
Uveitis () is inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer of the eye between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea. The uvea consists of the middle layer of pigmented vascular structures of the eye and ...
. A systematic review could not determine whether fluocinolone acetonide implants are superior to standard of care treatment for uveitis.
A fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant with the brand name Iluvien is sold by biopharmaceutical company
Alimera Sciences to treat
diabetic macular edema (DME).
It was approved for medical use in 1961.
Classification
Fluocinolone is a group V (0.025%) or group VI (0.01%)
corticosteroid under US classification.
See also
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Topical steroid Topical steroids are the topical forms of corticosteroids. Topical steroids are the most commonly prescribed topical medications for the treatment of rash, eczema, and dermatitis. Topical steroids have anti-inflammatory properties and are classifie ...
*
Fluocinonide
Fluocinonide (sold under various brand names) is a potent glucocorticoid used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of skin disorders such as eczema and seborrhoeic dermatitis. It relieves itching, redness, dryness, crusti ...
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Ciprocinonide
Ciprocinonide (developmental code name RS-2386), also known as fluocinolone acetonide cyclopropylcarboxylate, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cort ...
*
Glucocorticoid
Glucocorticoids (or, less commonly, glucocorticosteroids) are a class of corticosteroids, which are a class of steroid hormones. Glucocorticoids are corticosteroids that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor that is present in almost every vertebr ...
References
External links
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Acetonides
Corticosteroid cyclic ketals
Corticosteroids
Diketones
Diols
Fluoroarenes
Glucocorticoids
Otologicals
Substances discovered in the 1950s
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