Flatidae are a family of fulgoroid

planthopper A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environmen ...

s. They are cosmopolitan in distribution and are distinguished from others in the superfamily by a combination of characters. Like all other planthoppers, they suck phloem sap of plants. Some species are known to communicate with vibrations through the plant stems. Communication may be with mates, or with ants that tend the nymphs, protecting them and gathering honeydew secretions. Adults of some species have brightly coloured forewings which are tougher and known as tegmina unlike the membranous hindwings which are used for flight. Although a few can be identified by their coloration, most species requires dissection and examination under a microscope with access to literature on already described species. There are two sub-families within the family. In the subfamily Flatinae, the body of adults is flattened laterally and the tegmina are tent-like. In the Flatoidinae, the body is not laterally compressed and the tegmina are not as tent-like and sometimes held horizontally. The wing venation is distinctive in that the veins in the anal region are nodose, and the costal area has numerous cross veins. The antennae are small and the first segment is collar-like and small. The second segment is longer and ends in a bulge and a flagellum arises from it. They have two ocelli. Nymphs have a tail of waxy filaments.

Subfamilies and genera

Genera within the family Flatidae include:

Flatinae

Auth.: Spinola, 1839; selected genera: ;tribe Ceryniini Distant, 1906 * '' Adelidoria'' Metcalf, 1952 * '' Adexia'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Bythopsyrna'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Cerynia'' Stål, 1862 ;tribe Flatini Spinola, 1839 * subtribe Flatina Spinola, 1839 ** '' Flata'' Fabricius, 1798 ** '' Flatomorpha'' Melichar, 1901 * subtribe Lawanina Melichar, 1923 ** '' Cromna'' Walker, 1857 ** ''

Lawana ''Lawana''Distant WL (1906) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. 3: 503 pp. Lt. Col. CT Birgham 20 is a genus of planthopper A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a ...

'' Distant, 1906 ** '' Oryxa'' Melichar, 1901 * subtribe Phyllyphantina Melichar, 1923 ** '' Paracromna'' Melichar, 1901 ** '' Phyllyphanta'' Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 * subtribe Scarpantina Melichar, 1923 ** '' Scarpanta'' Stål, 1862 ** '' Scarpantina'' Melichar, 1901 * subtribe Siphantina Melichar, 1923 ** '' Siphanta'' Stål, 1862 ;tribe Nephesini Distant, 1906 * subtribe Cryptoflatina Melichar, 1923 ** '' Cryptoflata'' Melichar, 1901 ** '' Metcalfa'' Caldwell & Martorell, 1951 ** '' Ormenaria'' Metcalf & Bruner, 1948 ** '' Ormenoides'' Melichar, 1923 * subtribe Nephesina Distant, 1906 ** '' Neomelicharia'' Kirkaldy, 1903 ** '' Nephesa'' Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 * subtribe Phaedolina Melichar, 1923 ** '' Phaedolus'' Karsch, 1890 * subtribe Pseudoflatina Melichar, 1923 ** ''

Caesonia Milonia Caesonia (died AD 41) was Roman empress as the fourth and last wife of the emperor Caligula from their marriage in AD 39 until they were both assassinated in 41. Life Early life The daughter of Vistilia, Milonia was born toward the begi ...

'' Stål, 1866 ** '' Colgar'' Kirkaldy, 1900 ** '' Colgaroides'' Distant, 1910 - Planthoppers ** '' Dalapax'' Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 ** '' Gyaria'' Stål, 1862 ** '' Gyariella'' Schmidt, 1924 ** '' Pauliana'' Lallemand, 1950 ** '' Rhinophantia'' Melichar, 1901 ;tribe Phantiini Melichar, 1923 * '' Mesophantia'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Microflata'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Phantia'' Fieber, 1866 ;tribe Phromniini Distant, 1906 * '' Dermoflata'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Flatida'' White, 1846 (= ''Phromnia'' Stål, 1862) * '' Flatina'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Flatosoma'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Paraflata'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Poeciloflata'' Melichar, 1901 ;tribe Poekillopterini Kirkaldy, 1907 * '' Poekilloptera'' Latreille, 1796 ;tribe Selizini Distant, 1906 * '' Jamella'' Kirkaldy, 1906 (''J. australiae'', or pandanus planthopper, pest to ''

Pandanus tectorius ''Pandanus tectorius'' is a species of ''Pandanus'' (screwpine) that is native to Malesia, Papuasia, eastern Australia, and the Pacific Islands. It grows in the coastal lowlands typically near the edge of the ocean. Common names in English incl ...

'') * '' Seliza'' Stål, 1862 ;tribe Sisciini Melichar, 1923 * '' Siscia'' Stål, 1870

Flatoidinae

Auth.: Melichar, 1901 * '' Atracis'' Stål, 1866 * '' Atracodes'' Melichar, 1902 * '' Bochara'' Distant, 1906 * ''

Cerfennia Collarmele is a ''comune'' and town in the Province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle o ...

'' Stål, 1870 * '' Cisatra'' Melichar, 1923 * '' Dendrona'' Melichar, 1923 * '' Flataloides'' Metcalf, 1938 * '' Flatarina'' Metcalf & Bruner, 1948 * '' Flatarissa'' Metcalf & Bruner, 1948 * '' Flatoides'' Guérin-Ménéville, 1844 * '' Flatoidessa'' Melichar, 1923 * '' Flatoidinus'' Melichar, 1923 * '' Flatosaria'' Melichar, 1923 * ''

Franciscus Franciscus is a Latin given name, originally an epithet meaning "the Frank, the Frenchman". It was applied to Saint Francis of Assisi (1181/82–1226). Francis had been baptized Giovanni (John); his father was Italian and his mother Proven� ...

'' Distant, 1910 * ''

Gaja Gaja () is a Sanskrit word for elephant. It is one of the significant animals finding references in Hindu scriptures, as well as Buddhist and Jain texts. Symbolism In general, a gaja personifies a number of positive attributes, including ab ...

'' Distant, 1906 * '' Lichena'' Melichar, 1901 * '' Lichenopsis'' Schmidt, 1912 * '' Melichitona'' Metcalf, 1952 * '' Paraflatoides'' Melichar, 1923 * '' Phalaenomorpha'' Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 * '' Porophloeus'' Melichar, 1902 * '' Pseudoflatoides'' Metcalf, 1938 * '' Uxantis'' Stål, 1870 * '' Uysanus'' Distant, 1908

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incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...
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* '' Afrexoma'' Fennah, 1976 * '' Afrophantia'' Fennah, 1958 * '' Afrormenis'' Fennah, 1958 * '' Amasha'' Medler, 1992 * '' Anatracis'' Fennah, 1958 * '' Anzora'' Medler, 1986 * '' Bahuflata'' Dlabola, 1979 * '' Betracis'' Medler, 1988 * '' Boretsis'' Medler, 1996 * '' Brysora'' Medler, 2000 * '' Budginmaya'' Fletcher & Moir, 2009 * '' Catracis'' Medler, 1988 * '' Comnar'' Medler, 1988 * '' Cromgar'' Medler, 2000 * '' Cromnella'' Fennah, 1969 * '' Cryomna'' Medler, 2000 * '' Cyclopterum'' Gnezdilov & O'Brien, 2014 * '' Demina'' Medler, 2000 * '' Desanta'' Medler, 2000 * '' Diastracis'' Medler, 1988 * '' Dixamflata'' Stroinski, Malenovský & Swierczewski, 2016 * '' Dworena'' Medler, 1986 * '' Erotana'' Medler, 2000 * '' Eugyaria'' Synave, 1962 * '' Falcophantis'' Fletcher, 1988 * '' Garanta'' Medler, 2000 * '' Humgar'' Medler, 2001 * '' Ijagar'' Medler, 2000 * '' Insulume'' Medler, 1999 * '' Karrama'' Medler, 1988 * '' Kesaflata'' Stroinski, Malenovsky & Swierczewski, 2016 * '' Kirkamflata'' Swierczewski, Malenovsky & Stroinski, 2014 * '' Lasura'' Medler, 1992 * '' Lemaria'' Medler, 1988 * '' Madoxychara'' Stroinski & Swierczewski, 2013 * '' Malleja'' Medler, 1990 * '' Menora'' Medler, 1999 * '' Metcracis'' Medler, 1993 * '' Miniscia'' Medler, 1991 * '' Narowalenus'' Shakila, 1991 * '' Neocalauria'' Synave, 1957 * '' Neomistaria'' Yang & Chen, 2015 * '' Neosephena'' Medler, 2000 * '' Neovariata'' Shakila, 1984 * '' Ortracis'' Medler, 1996 * '' Paracalauria'' Synave, 1962 * '' Parasiphanta'' Fletcher, 1988 * '' Perinetella'' Synave, 1956 * '' Persepolia'' Dlabola & Safavi, 1972 * '' Peyrierasus'' Stroinski & Swierczewski, 2013 * '' Phaiophantia'' Lindberg, 1958 * '' Planata'' Medler, 1999 * '' Riodeorolix'' Lindberg, 1956 * '' Safroka'' Medler, 2001 * '' Samcerus'' Medler, 1993 * '' Saurana'' Medler, 1992 * '' Scarpuna'' Medler, 2006 * '' Shadaka'' Medler, 2000 * '' Soares'' Stroiński & Świerczewski, 2012 * '' Sogalabana'' Stroiński & Świerczewski, 2014 * '' Sosephena'' Medler, 1990 * '' Staliana'' Medler, 1988 * '' Stenume'' Medler, 1999 * '' Talopsus'' Medler, 1989 * '' Taparella'' Medler, 1989 * '' Tisia'' Dlabola, 1981 * '' Tormenis'' Medler, 1999 * '' Trisephena'' Medler, 1990 * '' Umidena'' Medler, 1992 * '' Walena'' Medler, 1999

References

External links

Pictures of Australian Flatidae genera

Illustrated overview of Fulgoroidea
* {{Taxonbar, from=Q2313525 Auchenorrhyncha families Fulgoromorpha