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Warburg (; Westphalian: ''Warberich'' or ''Warborg'') is a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, central Germany on the river Diemel near the three-state point shared by Hessen, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. It is in Höxter district and Detmold region. Warburg is the midpoint in the ''Warburger Börde''. Since March 2012 the city is allowed to call itself 'Hanseatic City of Warburg'.


Geography

The main town, consisting of the Old Town (''Altstadt'') and the New Town (''Neustadt'') and bearing the same name as the whole town, is a hill town. While the Old Town lies in the Diemel Valley, the New Town rises on the heights above the Diemel. The Warburg municipal area borders in the west on the
Sauerland The Sauerland () is a rural, hilly area spreading across most of the south-eastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, in parts heavily forested and, apart from the major valleys, sparsely inhabited. The Sauerland is the largest tourist region in ...
and in the northwest on the
Eggegebirge The Egge Hills (german: Eggegebirge, ), or just the Egge (''die Egge'') is a range of forested hills, up to , in the east of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Geography The Egge extends from the southern tip of the Teutoburg Forest ra ...
foothills, while in the north and northeast the ''Warburger Börde'' abuts the town and in the south stretches the Diemel Valley.


Constituent communities

Warburg consists of the following 16 centres: * Bonenburg (1,107 inhabitants) * Calenberg (459 inhabitants) * Dalheim (95 inhabitants) * Daseburg (1,354 inhabitants) *
Dössel Dössel is a village and constituent community ''(stadtteil)'' of the town of Warburg, in the district of Höxter in the east of the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Dössel has historically been known by the names of Dosele and ...
(651 inhabitants) * Germete (997 inhabitants) * Herlinghausen (446 inhabitants) * Hohenwepel (683 inhabitants) * Menne (846 inhabitants) * Nörde (780 inhabitants) * Ossendorf (1,332 inhabitants) * Rimbeck (1,603 inhabitants) * Scherfede (3,105 inhabitants) * Warburg (10,663 inhabitants) *
Welda Welda is a village and constituent community ''(stadtteil)'' of the town of Warburg, in the district of Höxter in the east of the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Welda has historically been known by the names of Wellede, W ...
(889 inhabitants) * Wormeln (652 inhabitants)


History


Prehistory

In the
4th millennium BC The 4th millennium BC spanned the years 4000 BC to 3001 BC. Some of the major changes in human culture during this time included the beginning of the Bronze Age and the invention of writing, which played a major role in starting recorded history. ...
, there was a megalith culture in the Warburg area.


Protohistory

In the 1st century AD, there were Germanic settlers south of the Desenberg.


Middle Ages

In the 8th century, there was a Saxon noble seat west of the town. In the 8th and 9th centuries came the Christianization of the Saxons in the Diemel area. The name Warburg was first mentioned in a document sometime around 1010, although
archaeological Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...
finds have established that there were already people living in what is now Warburg by
protohistoric Protohistory is a period between prehistory and history during which a culture or civilization has not yet developed writing, but other cultures have already noted the existence of those pre-literate groups in their own writings. For example, in ...
times. The first definite documentary mention came in 1036. In the 11th century there was on the ''Warburger Burgberg'' ("Castle Mountain") the "Wartburg", under whose protection people came and settled. The castle was at first owned by Count Dodiko, whose estate, according to documents, passed in 1020 to the Bishop of Paderborn when the Count's only son met his end in an accident. Eventually, sometime between 1021 and 1033, the Emperor further granted to the bishop the Count's rights. About 1180, the Old Town was granted town rights. From the castle hill, there was a good view over the Diemel Valley, such that a close watch could be kept on the ford that merchants had to cross going to Warburg and Paderborn. This ford on the Diemel was a crossroads of several ancient commercial roads and was crucial in the town's development into a central place. The Warburg New Town was founded in 1228–29 by
Bernhard IV. zur Lippe Bernhard is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar (1604–1639), Duke of Saxe-Weimar *Bernhard, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (1901–1984), head of the House of Saxe-Meiningen 1946 ...
, Bishop of Paderborn, to bolster his political position in the Diemel area against encroachment by the Bishop of Cologne. About 1239, the New Town had been built into a complete town in its own right, and the townsfolk there had full civil rights after the
Dortmund Dortmund (; Westphalian nds, Düörpm ; la, Tremonia) is the third-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne and Düsseldorf, and the eighth-largest city of Germany, with a population of 588,250 inhabitants as of 2021. It is the la ...
and
Marsberg Marsberg () is a town in the Hochsauerland district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. History Although its origins are obscure, Marsberg was a prospering town by the 13th century (it was even minting coins). It was a free city until 1807, when ...
models. In 1260, the New Town was granted the right to build a town wall, not only against armies from afar, but even – expressly – against the Old Town. In 1364, both the Old Town and the New Town became members of the
Hanseatic League The Hanseatic League (; gml, Hanse, , ; german: label=Modern German, Deutsche Hanse) was a medieval commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Central and Northern Europe. Growing from a few North German to ...
. By 1436, they had forgotten their differences, uniting that year into one town.


Unification of the two towns

The two towns, the Old Town and the New Town, joined in 1436 into one town. In ''Der Grote Breff'' ("The Great Letter"), the newly united town's constitution was precisely framed and sealed. Both former towns' seals are to be seen on the Great Letter. On the cast seal (in the picture), two defensive towers with a double wall are to be seen. Under the town gate stands the Bishop of Paderborn with a staff. The circumscription reads: ''"Sigillium burgensium in wartborch"''. The Great Letter is written in Middle Low German, the Hanseatic League's language, and stands as a substantial legal document. Hitherto, the Old Town's and the New Town's council meetings had each been taking place in their respective town halls, each on their respective marketplaces. Now, however, there were two mayors. This was solved by allowing each mayor to head the unified town for half the year. Furthermore, both town halls were used for council meetings, again, each for half the year. However, the problem of having two town halls was not fully resolved until 132 years after the two former towns had merged. Only then, in 1568, was the new ''Rathaus Zwischen den Städten'' – Town Hall Between the Towns – built. The common Town Hall, in the form of preserved Renaissance buildings, was built right on the former boundary between the two former towns, with two separate entrances for ''Altstädter'' and ''Neustädter'' ("Old Towners" and "New Towners"). In 1902–03, it was expanded with a
half-timbered Timber framing (german: Holzfachwerk) and "post-and-beam" construction are traditional methods of building with heavy timbers, creating structures using squared-off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden ...
floor. It stands right where a gate, the ''Liebfrauentor'' (roughly, "Gate of Our Lady"), once stood. In the Middle Ages, this was the only gateway between the two then separate towns. The Old Town's former Town Hall, renovated in 1973, nowadays serves
gastronomical Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating. One who is well versed in gastr ...
and residential ends. The New Town's former Town Hall served various purposes ranging from Town Hall cellar to assembly hall to market hall before it had to be torn down in 1803 owing to decrepitude. There arose yet another superfluous government building in 1975 after the communities of the old ''
Amt Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to ...
'' of Warburg-Land were amalgamated with Warburg, namely the ''Amt'' administration building on Kasseler Straße, which was forsaken by the district authorities in favour of the ''Behördenhaus'' ("Authority House") on Bahnhofstraße.


Modern times

In the early 17th century, Warburg was a well known and rich trading town. Outside the town walls rose "die Hüffert" as a new part of the town. In the Thirty Years' War, great parts of die Hüffert and other villages in the area were sacked and destroyed, impoverishing the town. In 1622, the town was captured by Christian the Younger of Brunswick, Bishop of Halberstadt, who is sometimes called in
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...
''der tolle Christian'' – "Christian the Mad". By 1628, the town was changing overlords and occupation armies repeatedly as the war dragged on, ending up in Imperial hands by the time the war ended in 1648. On 5 June 1695, Johann Conrad Schlaun was born in Nörde near Warburg (now one of Warburg's constituent communities). On 31 July 1760, during the Seven Years' War, Warburg was the scene of a battle that now bears its name. Twenty-four thousand Prussian,
Hanoverian The adjective Hanoverian is used to describe: * British monarchs or supporters of the House of Hanover, the dynasty which ruled the United Kingdom from 1714 to 1901 * things relating to; ** Electorate of Hanover ** Kingdom of Hanover ** Province o ...
, Hessian and British troops fought under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick and the Crown Prince of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) against a
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
army of 21,500 soldiers led by Lieutenant-General Le Chevalier du Muy and the
Duke of Broglie The House of Broglie (, also ; french: Maison de Broglie, or ) is a French nobility, French noble family, originally Piedmontese, who migrated to France in the year 1643. History () was the name of an old Piedmontese noble family, from which ...
. The Prussians and their allies won, killing 8,000 French soldiers while losing only 1,500 themselves, leaving them free to sack the town. A tower on the Desenberg recalls the Battle of Warburg. On 3 August 1802, Prussian troops came into Warburg in anticipation of the decisions of German Mediatisation (''
Reichsdeputationshauptschluss The ' (formally the ', or "Principal Conclusion of the Extraordinary Imperial Delegation"), sometimes referred to in English as the Final Recess or the Imperial Recess of 1803, was a resolution passed by the ' (Imperial Diet) of the Holy Roman Em ...
''). From 1807 to 1813, in the
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
ic Era, Warburg belonged to the Kingdom of Westphalia. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Warburg was once again assigned to Prussia. The next year, it became a district seat. In 1850, the railway from Hamm was opened. In 1892 – 244 years after it had ended – Warburg at last paid off the last of the debts that it had incurred because of the Thirty Years' War. In 1933, at the March elections, the Centre Party won 67.2% of the vote in Warburg to the NSDAP's 21.8%. During World War II there was a Prisoner of war camp Oflag VI-B in the suburb Dössel. 20 September 1943, 47 Polish officers escaped through a tunnel. 37 were recaptured and executed by the Gestapo. On 1 April 1945, Warburg was captured by
American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...
troops. On 1 January 1975 came municipal reorganization, which saw 16 formerly independent municipalities merged into a new greater town of Warburg. Also, the districts of Warburg and Höxter were united, taking the latter's name. In 1983, Warburg became a founding member of the Wesphalian Hanseatic League (''Westfälischer Hansebund'').


History of the districts


Welda

The lands around Warburg's constituent community of Welda, once a border town between Westphalia, Waldeck and Hesse, have yielded forth archaeological evidence of a
Celt The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancient ...
ic presence. It has been confirmed that the village was once visited in 1856 by Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm, who went on to become the "Ninety-Nine-Day Emperor", Kaiser
Friedrich III Frederick III may refer to: * Frederick III, Duke of Upper Lorraine (died 1033) * Frederick III, Duke of Swabia (1122–1190) * Friedrich III, Burgrave of Nuremberg (1220–1297) * Frederick III, Duke of Lorraine (1240–1302) * Frederick III of S ...
. He presented the church with a Communion chalice. After the Second World War, in 1945, there was an American prison camp at Welda holding roughly 80,000 German
prisoners of war A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held Captivity, captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610. Belligerents hold priso ...
.


Wormeln

Likewise, Wormeln's surrounding area has yielded archaeological finds that point to ancient settlement. There is believed to have been a parish in Wormeln by about 780, with church patrons
Simon the Zealot Simon the Zealot (, ) or Simon the Canaanite or Simon the Canaanean (, ; grc-gre, Σίμων ὁ Κανανίτης; cop, ⲥⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲡⲓ-ⲕⲁⲛⲁⲛⲉⲟⲥ; syc, ܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܢܢܝܐ) was one of the most obscure among the apostl ...
and Judah. Wormeln had its first documentary mention in 1018 in a donation document from Count Dodiko to
Meinwerk, Bishop of Paderborn Meinwerk (c. 975 – 5 June 1036) was the Bishop of Paderborn from 1009 until his death. He was a member of the aristocratic Immedinger family and was granted his see on the understanding that his property would pass to the diocese on his dea ...
. About 1246, the Counts of Everstein founded the Wormeln
Cistercian Convent Cistercian nuns are female members of the Cistercian Order, a religious order belonging to the Roman Catholic branch of the Catholic Church. History The first Cistercian monastery for women, Le Tart Abbey, was established at Tart-l'Abbaye in th ...
of the "Nuns of the Grey Order"
Cistercians The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint ...
. On 16 September 1810,
Jérôme Bonaparte Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Girolamo Buonaparte; 15 November 1784 – 24 June 1860) was the youngest brother of Napoleon I and reigned as Jerome Napoleon I (formally Hieronymus Napoleon in German), King of Westphalia, between 1807 and 1 ...
, King of Westphalia in Napoleonic times, decreed the convent's dissolution.


Demographics

(each time at 31 December) *1998 – 24,130 *1999 – 24,234 *2000 – 24,204 *2001 – 24,218 *2002 – 24,273 *2003 – 24,292 *2004 – 24,380 *2010 – 23,436 *2015 – 23.629 *2020 – 22.928


Religion


Christianity

During the
Saxon Wars The Saxon Wars were the campaigns and insurrections of the thirty-three years from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804, when the last rebellion of tribesmen was defeated. In all, 18 campaigns were fought ...
in the 8th century the area round the Diemel was incorporated into the Frankish realm. Beside other places Warburg is presumed to be the location were the
Irminsul An Irminsul (Old Saxon 'great pillar') was a sacred, pillar-like object attested as playing an important role in the Germanic paganism of the Saxons. Medieval sources describe how an Irminsul was destroyed by Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars. A ...
, an old Saxon sacred pillar. The Austrian abbot Sturmius proselytized the area around the Diemel and Weser in 774. So the area around Warburg was Christianized from 774 on.


= Catholic church

= As most of Warburg's inhabitants are Catholic it is part of the center zone of the Catholic Archdiocese of Paderborn. Many theologians as Otto Beckmann, Anton Corvinus or Julius Dammann, office bearers of the church like Johann Conrad Schlaun or Arnold Güldenpfennig and church artists like Josef Kohlschein come from Warburg.


= Syriac Orthodox

= The
Syriac Orthodox Church , native_name_lang = syc , image = St_George_Syriac_orthodox_church_in_Damascus.jpg , imagewidth = 250 , alt = Cathedral of Saint George , caption = Cathedral of Saint George, Damascus ...
's bishopric of Germany was founded in 1997 and has its Episcopal seat in the former Dominican monastery in Warburg. After the monastery was renovated, it is now used as the Syriac Orthodox Monastery of Mor Yacqub of Sarugh, and as a centre for the community in Westphalia. The Body of Patriarch Ignatius Zakka I Iwas is buried here.


Jewish life in Warburg

Warburg had in bygone days an important Jewish community. Around the year 1800, roughly 200 of Warburg's 2,000 townsfolk were Jewish, and about 1900, some 300 of the 5,000 people in the town were. The sharp upswing in the population as a whole was due to migration from the countryside, industries setting up shop in town, and railway operations. In the 16th century, the Warburg family - originally from
Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400  ...
de la Banca, Abraham de Palenzuela Levi Kahana- took the town's name as their own and moved in the second half of the 18th century to Altona ( Hamburg), where the brothers Moses Marcus and Gerson Warburg built up the Bankinstitut M&M Warburg in 1798. From this family also came the natural scientists Otto and
Emil Warburg Emil Gabriel Warburg (; 9 March 1846 – 28 July 1931) was a German physicist who during his career was professor of physics at the Universities of Strassburg, Freiburg and Berlin. He was president of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft 1899 ...
the art historian and cultural theorist Abraham Moritz Warburg, better known as Aby Warburg, who founded the Warburg Institute. Another well known Warburg Jewish family were the Oppenheims, among whom was Hermann Oppenheim, a famous German neurologist. Yet another famous townsman was Emil Herz, a publisher at the Ullstein-Verlag (until the
Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...
forced him out as the company's director in 1934, after he had worked there for 30 years), who described in his book something of Jewish life in Warburg. There is still a Jewish cemetery in Warburg today. The
synagogue A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of worshi ...
, which stood in the Old Town, was destroyed on '' Kristallnacht'' (9 November 1938).


Culture


Buildings

*Historic Old and New towns *Town Hall "between the towns" *Town hall was once its castle *Partial city wall with remainders of the medieval city walls from both towns *Five defensive towers (Frankenturm, Chattenturm, Johannesturm, Biermannsturm and Sackturm) *Two town gates (Johannestor and Sacktor) *Half-timbered houses among the oldest in Nordrhein-Westfalen (for example:Hirsch-Apotheke, Corvinushaus, Eckmänneken-Haus, Haus Böttrich) *Catholic Oldtown church 'St. Maria-Heimsuchung' (1299) *Catholic Newtown church 'St. Johannes Baptist' (1264) *Ev. Church 'Maria-in-vinea / Maria-im-Weinberg'. *Second neo-Gothic Dominican cloister 'St.-Maria-Himmelfahrt'; built in 1906–1915, since 1995 a cloister from the
Syriac Orthodox Church , native_name_lang = syc , image = St_George_Syriac_orthodox_church_in_Damascus.jpg , imagewidth = 250 , alt = Cathedral of Saint George , caption = Cathedral of Saint George, Damascus ...
*Erasmuschapel on the terrain of the earlier Wartburg on the Burgberg, the current castle cemetery. In the first floor of the chapel, the oldest building monument of the city is found with the romantic crypt of the earlier St.-Andreas-Kirche. *Marianum School (1828) * Railway station from the year 1849 ( Royal Westphalian Railway Company) *Castle ruins of Desenberg


Medieval fortification

In the Middle Ages, the castle was mostly surrounded by a double wall ring, through which the old and new city gates lead to the breachstone. The old town's citizens first erected the connection wall of the castle to the ''Johannistor-Tower''. Because of height of the castle mountain the ''Chattenturm'' was constructed. The round ''Sackturm'' (Saxon tower) next to the ''Sacktor'' (Saxon Gate) was erected in 1443 while the ''Sacktor'' was built around 1300. Until 1830, the town castle had about ten city towers and nine city gates. In the walls of the old town, there were five gates and four in the new town, of which only the ''Sacktor'' and the ''Johannistor'' have been preserved. Between 1801 and 1840, the other gates were taken down.


Theatre and cinema

* Theater in Warburg, Pädagogisches Zentrum * Kino Cineplex Warburg, Oberer Hilgenstock 30


Concerts

* Warburger Meisterkonzerte, Gymnasium Marianum auditorium and inner yard * Rock gegen Regen, Scherfede * Art of Darkness, Scherfede


Museums

* Museum im Stern, Sternstraße 35 * Bäckerei-Museum (private bakery museum) in Warburg's Old Town, Lange Straße 6


Regular events

* ''Maifest'' ("May festival", yearly) * ''Kälkenfest'' (old word for "Lime festival", yearly) * ''Oktoberwoche'' ("October Week", yearly) * ''Schützenfest'' (shooting festival, every two years) * Christmas Market, at both marketplaces during
Advent Advent is a Christian season of preparation for the Nativity of Christ at Christmas. It is the beginning of the liturgical year in Western Christianity. The name was adopted from Latin "coming; arrival", translating Greek ''parousia''. In ...
(yearly)


Politics

The last municipal election took place on 13 September 2020. Winners with an absolute majority were the CDU. The next election is in 2025. Warburg's mayor is Tobias Scherf (CDU), elected in September 2020.


Town council

Council seat distribution: * CDU 20 seats *
SPD The Social Democratic Party of Germany (german: Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, ; SPD, ) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Germany. It is one of the major parties of contemporary Germany. Saskia Esken has been the ...
7 seats *
Greens Greens may refer to: *Leaf vegetables such as collard greens, mustard greens, spring greens, winter greens, spinach, etc. Politics Supranational * Green politics * Green party, political parties adhering to Green politics * Global Greens * Europ ...
5 seats * Bürger-Union 3 seats * AfD 2 seats * FDP 1 seat


Coat of arms

Warburg's civic coat of arms might heraldically be described thus: In azure a fleur-de-lis argent. Warburg's oldest town seals are from 1254 and 1257, and show a bishop – likely the Bishop of Paderborn – standing in a gateway. The fleur-de-lis charge seen in today's arms originally appeared on coins minted in the town, beginning in 1227. Smaller town seals in the 14th century also showed the lis, with the gateway only appearing on the greater seal. For a time in the 20th century, Warburg used a coat of arms based on the old greater seal, showing the walls, towers and gateway, but not the bishop. His place was taken by a fleur-de-lis. The town, however, readopted the fleur-de-lis-only composition on 30 June 1977.Heraldry of the World: Warburg
/ref>


Town friendships

*
Falkenberg/Elster Falkenberg () is a town in the Elbe-Elster district, in southwestern Brandenburg, Germany. It is situated near the river Schwarze Elster, 16 km east of Torgau, and 13 km northwest of Bad Liebenwerda. History It was first mentioned in 1 ...
, Germany, since 1991 * Luckau, Germany, since 1992 * Walchsee, Austria (through the constituent community of Scherfede)


Town partnerships

*
Prochowice Prochowice (german: Parchwitz) is a town in Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Prochowice. It lies approximately north-east of Legnica, and w ...
, Poland, since 1997 *
Ledegem Ledegem (; vls, Legem) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Ledegem proper, and Sint-Eloois-Winkel. On January 1, 2006, Ledegem had a total population of 9,306. The total area ...
-Sint-Eloois-Winkel, Belgium, since 1998


Economy

Warburg stands as a middle centre in an area shaped by agriculture. Of the two former great food producers, the Warburg canning plant and sugar factory, only the latter remains. The biggest fields of industry nowadays are automotive technology, steel and machine building, chemicals, woodworking and packaging. Since 1721, brewing rights have been held by the Kohlschein family, known as Warburg-Beer (german: ''Warburger Bier'') with variety of different beer-specialities.


Established businesses

* Brauns-Heitmann GmbH & Co. KG * Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH, Warburg Works * RTW Rohrtechnik GmbH * Linnenbrink Technik Warburg GmbH *
Südzucker Südzucker AG (, literally ''South sugar'') is a Germany, German company, the largest sugar producer in the world, with an annual production of around 4.8 million tonnes. In February 2014, the Federal Cartel Office imposed a joint fine of 280 mi ...
AG * Kobusch-Sengewald GmbH * Warburger Brauerei GmbH * Reposa GmbH * Berg GmbH * Tolges Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG * PRG mbH Präzisions Rührer und Rühranlagen * LX-3 Veranstaltungstechnik * Lödige Industries GmbH * CWS-boco Deutschland GmbH * August Lücking GmbH & Co. KG (district Bonenburg)


Infrastructure


Transportation

At Warburg, Federal Highways (''Bundesstraßen'') B 7 and B 252 cross. On the latter, one may reach the Warburg interchange on Autobahn A 44 (
Kassel Kassel (; in Germany, spelled Cassel until 1926) is a city on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Kassel and the district of the same name and had 201,048 inhabitants in December 2020 ...
-
Dortmund Dortmund (; Westphalian nds, Düörpm ; la, Tremonia) is the third-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne and Düsseldorf, and the eighth-largest city of Germany, with a population of 588,250 inhabitants as of 2021. It is the la ...
), which not much farther on meets the A 7 near Kassel and the A 33 near Wuennenberg.
Warburg station The Warburg station (german: Bahnhof Warburg (Westfalen) or ''Bf Warburg (Westf)'') is located on the north-eastern edge of the German town of Warburg. The station was built in 1852 and 1853. Warburg and Minden stations are the last stations from ...
lies on the Ruhr area-Kassel (
InterCityExpress The Intercity Express (commonly known as ICE ()) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany. It also serves some destinations in Austria, Denmark (ceased in 2017 but planned to resume in 2022), France, Belgium, Switzerla ...
, InterCity and RegionalBahn trains) and
Hagen Hagen () is the Largest cities in Germany, 41st-largest List of cities and towns in Germany, city in Germany. The municipality is located in the States of Germany, state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is located on the south eastern edge of the R ...
-Warburg regional lines: RE17
Hagen Hagen () is the Largest cities in Germany, 41st-largest List of cities and towns in Germany, city in Germany. The municipality is located in the States of Germany, state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is located on the south eastern edge of the R ...
Schwerte Schwerte ( Westphalian: ''Schweierte'') is a town in the district of Unna, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Geography Schwerte is situated in the Ruhr valley, at the south-east border of the Ruhr Area. South of Schwerte begins the mountainous ...
Brilon-Wald –
Kassel Kassel (; in Germany, spelled Cassel until 1926) is a city on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Kassel and the district of the same name and had 201,048 inhabitants in December 2020 ...
-Wilhelmshöhe and RB89
Rheine Rheine () is a city in the district of Steinfurt in Westphalia, Germany. It is the largest city in the district and the location of Rheine Air Base. Geography Rheine is on the river Ems, approx. north of Münster, approx. west of Osnabrück a ...
Münster
Hamm Hamm (, Latin: ''Hammona'') is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northeastern part of the Ruhr area. As of 2016 its population was 179,397. The city is situated between the A1 motorway and A2 motorway. Hamm railwa ...
Paderborn – Warburg (Westfalen-Bahn). Furthermore, the
Regio Citadis The Alstom Citadis is a family of low-floor trams and light rail vehicles built by Alstom. , over 2,300 Citadis trams have been sold and 1,800 tramways are in revenue service throughout the world, with operations in all six inhabited continent ...
''tram-train'' runs to Kassel Main Railway Station (Kassel Hauptbahnhof). The surrounding towns are served by regional buses. The town belongs to the Paderborn-Höxter Local Transport Association (''Nahverkehrsverbund Paderborn-Höxter''). When travelling towards Hesse, the North Hesse Transport Association (''Nordhessischer Verkehrsverbund'' or NVV) tariffs apply. Also easily reached are the two regional airports,
Kassel-Calden Kassel Airport (formerly ''Kassel-Calden Airport'', German ''Flughafen Kassel'') is a minor international airport serving the German city of Kassel in the state of Hesse. It is located west of Calden, northwest of Kassel and is mainly used for ...
and Paderborn-Lippstadt.


Fire brigade

The town of Warburg already had at its disposal in the Middle Ages organized fire-quenching forces from among the citizenry. With the "Prussian Fire Order" in the early 19th century, even the outlying communities were obliged to lay the groundwork for
firefighting Firefighting is the act of extinguishing or preventing the spread of unwanted fires from threatening human lives and destroying property and the environment. A person who engages in firefighting is known as a firefighter. Firefighters typically ...
. Beginning about 1850 in what is today Warburg's municipal area, the first structures of modern fire brigades were taking shape as "dousing and spraying teams". These were the beginnings of the Ossendorf and Scherfede fire brigades. After the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), it was veterans who had the idea of setting up volunteer fire brigades after the French example of the ''pompiers''. Thus arose the Wormeln fire brigade. In the main town of Warburg, the volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1889, and quickly thereafter, the same happened in communities throughout the ''Warburger Land''. After the fire in Hohenwepel in 1912, they were established in Dössel, Hohenwepel and Menne. Today's Warburg volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1975 by merging the town's and all newly amalgamated centres' former volunteer fire brigades.


Education

* Jugenddorf Petrus Damian, youth help institution * Kath.
Grundschule Education in Germany is primarily the responsibility of individual German States of Germany, states (), with the federal government playing a minor role. Optional Kindergarten, Kindergarden (nursery school) education is provided for all child ...
Warburg * Johannes-Daniel-Falk-Schule * Gymnasium Marianum * Hüffertgymnasium * Realschule Warburg *
Hauptschule A ''Hauptschule'' (, "general school") is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (''Grundschule''), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification ...
Warburg * Eisenhoitschule –
special school Special education (known as special-needs education, aided education, exceptional education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, or SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates th ...
for students with learning difficulties * St. Laurentius-Heim, school for physically and mentally handicapped * Petrus-Damian-Schule, special school * Johann-Conrad-Schlaun-Berufskolleg, Höxter district vocational school * Fachschule für Sozialpädagogik, school for social pedagogy * Volkshochschule Warburg * Musikschule Warburg


Notable people

The following personalities were born in Warburg: * Antonius Corvinus, theologian *
Antonius Eisenhoit Anton Eisenhoit (sometimes Eisenhout), a German painter and engraving, engraver, flourished at Rome about 1590. He was a native of Warburg, and was still living in 1619. It appears that he has been miscalled ''Eisenhart'' by Johann Friedrich Chris ...
, goldsmith * Johann Conrad Schlaun,
Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...
building master (born in Nörde near Warburg) *
Arnold Güldenpfennig Arnold may refer to: People * Arnold (given name), a masculine given name * Arnold (surname), a German and English surname Places Australia * Arnold, Victoria, a small town in the Australian state of Victoria Canada * Arnold, Nova Scotia Un ...
, Paderborn cathedral and diocesan building master * Ignatz Urban,
botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...
* Hermann Oppenheim,
Charité The Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Charité – Berlin University of Medicine) is one of Europe's largest university hospitals, affiliated with Humboldt University and Free University Berlin. With numerous Collaborative Research Cen ...
neurologist *
Emil Herz Emil or Emile may refer to: Literature *'' Emile, or On Education'' (1762), a treatise on education by Jean-Jacques Rousseau * ''Émile'' (novel) (1827), an autobiographical novel based on Émile de Girardin's early life *'' Emil and the Detecti ...
,
Germanist German studies is the field of humanities that researches, documents and disseminates German language and literature in both its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies often include classes on German culture, German hi ...
and Ullstein publishing director * Rudolf von Delius, writer, publisher *
Heinrich Emmerich Heinrich may refer to: People * Heinrich (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) * Heinrich (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) *Hetty (given name), a given name (including a list of peo ...
, cartographic leader in the Vatican (born in Dössel near Warburg) * Heinrich Holtgreve, painter and artistic educator * Manfred Grothe, suffragan bishop in the Bishopric of Paderborn The following personalities were not born in Warburg, but lived and worked in the town: *
Lorenz Humburg Lorenz is an originally German name derived from the Roman surname Laurentius, which means "from Laurentum". Given name People with the given name Lorenz include: * Prince Lorenz of Belgium (born 1955), member of the Belgian royal family by h ...
(1906–1994), painter, worked as an art teacher at Warburg Gymnasien *
Christoph Cardinal Schönborn Christoph is a male given name and surname. It is a German variant of Christopher. Notable people with the given name Christoph * Christoph Bach (1613–1661), German musician * Christoph Büchel (born 1966), Swiss artist * Christoph Dientzenho ...
(born 1945), Archbishop of Vienna, joined the Domican Order in Warburg in 1963 *
Josef Wirmer Josef Wirmer (19 March 1901 – 8 September 1944) was a German jurist and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime. Life Born in Paderborn, Josef Wirmer was from a Catholic family of teachers. His father was a '' Gymnasium'' headmaster. A ...
(1901–1944), jurist and
Resistance Resistance may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Comics * Either of two similarly named but otherwise unrelated comic book series, both published by Wildstorm: ** ''Resistance'' (comics), based on the video game of the same title ** ''T ...
fighter against
National Socialism Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...
; a memorial stone is dedicated to him at the Gymnasium Marianum * Franz-Josef Würmeling (1900–1986), family minister, Gymnasium Marianum old boy


See also

* Hardehausen Abbey


References


External links


Warburg

Museum im Stern – Information on town history, etc.
{{Authority control Towns in North Rhine-Westphalia Members of the Hanseatic League 1802 disestablishments States and territories established in the 10th century Höxter (district) 1430s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire 1436 establishments in Europe Holocaust locations in Germany