A war memorial is a building, monument, statue, or other edifice to celebrate a war or victory, or (predominating in modern times) to commemorate those who died or were injured in a war.

Symbolism

Historical usage

It has been suggested that the world's earliest known war memorial is the White Monument at Tell Banat, Aleppo Governorate, Syria, which dates from the 3rd millennium BC and appears to have involved the systematic burial of fighters from a state army. The Nizari Ismailis of the Alamut period (the Assassins) had made a secret roll of honor in

Alamut Castle Alamut ( fa, wikt:الموت, الموت, meaning "eagle's nest") is a ruined mountain fortress located in the Alamut region in the South Caspian Sea, Caspian province of Qazvin near the Masudabad, Qazvin, Masoudabad region in Iran, approximately ...

containing the names of the assassins and their victims during their uprising. The oldest war memorial in the United Kingdom is Oxford University's All Souls College. It was founded in 1438 with the provision that its fellows should pray for those killed in the long wars with France. War memorials for the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71) were the first in Europe to have rank-and-file soldiers commemorated by name. Every soldier that was killed was granted a permanent resting-place as part of the terms of the Treaty of Frankfurt (1871). To commemorate the millions who died in World War I, war memorials became commonplace in communities large and small around the world.

Modern usage

In modern times the main intent of war memorials is not to glorify war, but to honor those who have died. Sometimes, as in the case of the Warsaw Genuflection of Willy Brandt, they may also serve as focal points of increasing understanding between previous enemies. Using modern technology an international project is currently archiving all post-1914 Commonwealth war graves and Commonwealth War Graves Commission memorials to create a virtual memorial (see The War Graves Photographic Project for further details).

History

World War I

During WWI, many nations saw massive devastation and loss of life. More people lost their lives in the east than in the west, but the outcome was different. In the west, and in response to the victory there obtained, most of the cities in the countries involved in the conflict erected memorials, with the memorials in smaller villages and towns often listing the names of each local soldier who had been killed in addition (so far as the decision by the French and British in 1916 to construct governmentally designed cemeteries was concerned) to their names being recorded on military headstones, often against the will of those directly involved, and without any opportunity of choice in the British Empire (whose war graves were administered by the Imperial War Graves Commission). Massive British monuments commemorating thousands of dead with no identified war grave, such as the Menin Gate at Ypres and the

Thiepval memorial The Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme is a war memorial to 72,337 missing British and South African servicemen who died in the Battles of the Somme of the First World War between 1915 and 1918, with no known grave. It is near the ...

on the Somme, were also constructed. The Liberty Memorial, located in

Kansas City, Missouri Kansas City (abbreviated KC or KCMO) is the largest city in Missouri by population and area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 508,090 in 2020, making it the 36th most-populous city in the United States. It is the central ...

, is a memorial dedicated to all Americans who served in the Great War. For various reasons connected with their character, the same may be said to apply to certain governmental memorials in the United Kingdom ( The Cenotaph in London, relating to the Empire in general, and the

Scottish National War Memorial The Scottish National War Memorial is located in Edinburgh Castle and commemorates Scottish service personnel and civilians, and those serving with Scottish regiments, who died in the two world wars and subsequent conflicts. Its chief architec ...

in Edinburgh, also with a reference to the Empire, but with particular connections to the United Kingdom, having been opened by the Prince of Wales in 1927 and with the King and the Queen the first visitors and contributors of a casket of the Scottish names for addition within the Shrine). In Maryland, in the center of the city of

Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was d ...

facing the

Baltimore City Hall Baltimore City Hall is the official seat of government of the City of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland. The City Hall houses the offices of the Mayor and those of the City Council of Baltimore. The building also hosts the city Comptroller, som ...

to the west is a geometric paved tree-lined plaza with the War Memorial Building to the east with a large marble decorated civic auditorium and historical and veterans museum below, designed by Laurence Hall Fowler, dedicated 1925.

Pacifist war memorials and those relating to war and peace

After World War I, some towns in France set up pacifist war memorials. Instead of commemorating the glorious dead, these memorials denounce war with figures of grieving widows and children rather than soldiers. Such memorials provoked anger among veterans and the military in general. The most famous is at

Gentioux-Pigerolles Gentioux-Pigerolles (; oc, Genciòus) is a commune in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in central France. Geography An area of lakes, forestry, quarries and farming, comprising three villages and several hamlets situated i ...

in the department of Creuse. Below the column which lists the name of the fallen stands an orphan in bronze pointing to an inscription 'Maudite soit la guerre' (Cursed be war). Feelings ran so high that the memorial was not officially inaugurated until 1990 and soldiers at the nearby army camp were under orders to turn their heads when they walked past. Another such memorial is in the small town of Équeurdreville-Hainneville (formerly Équeurdreville) in the department of Manche. Here the statue is of a grieving widow with two small children. There seems to be no exact equivalent form of a pacifist memorial within the United Kingdom but evidently sentiments were in many cases identical. Thus, and although it seems that this has never been generally recognized, it can be argued that there was throughout the United Kingdom a construction of war memorials with reference to the concept of peace (e.g.

West Hartlepool War Memorial West Hartlepool War Memorial or Victory Square War Memorial or Victoria Square Cenotaph''West Hartlepool War Memorial 1914 – 1919: Unveiling & Dedication.'' Hartlepool Central Library: 22 page digital copy (pdf) of the ''West Hartlepool War M ...

in what is now known as

Hartlepool Hartlepool () is a seaside and port town in County Durham, England. It is the largest settlement and administrative centre of the Borough of Hartlepool. With an estimated population of 90,123, it is the second-largest settlement in County ...

(previously West Hartlepool) with the inscription 'Thine O Lord is the Victory' relating to amongst other architecture the 1871 Royal Albert Hall of Arts and Sciences with a frieze including the same words and concluding 'Glory be to God on high and on earth peace').

World War II and later

In many cases, World War I memorials were later extended to show the names of locals who died in the World War II in addition. Since that time memorials to the dead in other conflicts such as the Korean War and Vietnam War have also noted individual contributions, at least in the West. In relation to actions which may well in point of fact be historically connected with the world wars even if this happens, for whatever reason, not to be a matter of general discussion (e.g. occupation by Western forces in the 1920s of Palestine and other areas being the homelands of Arabs in the Near East and followed eighty years later in 2001 by the '9/11' raid on New York and elsewhere in the United States) similar historically and architecturally significant memorials are also designed and constructed (vide National September 11 Memorial).

Types

* War memorials can differ significantly in type and composition. Many war memorials often take the form of a traditional monument or

statue A statue is a free-standing sculpture in which the realistic, full-length figures of persons or animals are carved or cast in a durable material such as wood, metal or stone. Typical statues are life-sized or close to life-size; a sculpture t ...

, while others consist of entire buildings, often containing a museum, while yet others are simple plaques. War memorials can take a variety of other forms, including, but not limited to, commemorative gardens, stadiums, eternal flames, urban plazas, stained glass windows, gateways, fountains and/or pools of water, military equipment, and parks. * War memorials often serve as a meeting place for commemorative services. As such, they are often found near the centre of town, or contained in a park or plaza to allow easy public access. * Many war memorials bear plaques listing the names of those that died in battle. Sometimes these lists can be very long. Some war memorials are dedicated to a specific battle, while others are more general in nature and bear inscriptions listing various theatres of war. * Many war memorials have epitaphs relating to the unit, battle or war they commemorate. For example, an epitaph which adorns numerous memorials in Commonwealth countries is "The Ode" by

Laurence Binyon Robert Laurence Binyon, CH (10 August 1869 – 10 March 1943) was an English poet, dramatist and art scholar. Born in Lancaster, England, his parents were Frederick Binyon, a clergyman, and Mary Dockray. He studied at St Paul's School, London ...

: :''They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old.'' :''Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.'' :''At the going down of the sun and in the morning'' :''We will remember them.'' * The

Memorial Arch Memorial gates and arches are architectural monuments in the form of gates and arches or other entrances, constructed as a memorial, often dedicated to a particular war though some are dedicated to individuals. The function is similar to that of ...

at the Royal Military College of Canada, which remembers ex-cadets who died on military service includes lines of

Rupert Brooke Rupert Chawner Brooke (3 August 1887 – 23 April 1915)The date of Brooke's death and burial under the Julian calendar that applied in Greece at the time was 10 April. The Julian calendar was 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar. was an En ...

's poem, The Dead: :''Blow out, you bugles, over the rich Dead.'' :''There are none of these so lonely and poor of old,'' :''But dying has made us rarer gifts than gold.'' * In the years following the end of World War I a heated debate occurred in the United States as to whether memorials should be the standard sort that were created after the Civil War or a more progressive sort of "living memorials." These consisted of bridges, parks, libraries, playgrounds, community centers, civic auditoriums and athletic fields. Examples include Soldier Field and Veterans Stadium. * Underwater memorials are serving veterans and Soldiers who served as divers during their wartime missions.Sean Kimmons, Army News Service (August 14, 2019) Army veterans find healing in new underwater memorial
The underwater memorial can be visited by scuba divers.

Tank monument

A tank monument or armoured memorial is a tank withdrawn from military service and displayed to commemorate a battle or a military unit. Obsolete tanks may also be displayed as gate guards outside military bases. Immediately following the First World War, a number of obsolete tanks were presented to towns and cities throughout Britain for display and for use as memorials: most were scrapped in the 1920s and 1930s, but one that survives is a Mark IV Female tank at

Ashford, Kent Ashford is a town in the county of Kent, England. It lies on the River Stour, Kent, River Great Stour at the southern or Escarpment, scarp edge of the North Downs, about southeast of central London and northwest of Folkestone by road. In the ...

. Several Second World War tanks are preserved as memorials to major armoured offensives in the

Ardennes The Ardennes (french: Ardenne ; nl, Ardennen ; german: Ardennen; wa, Årdene ; lb, Ardennen ), also known as the Ardennes Forest or Forest of Ardennes, is a region of extensive forests, rough terrain, rolling hills and ridges primarily in Be ...

, such as the Battle of Sedan and the Battle of the Bulge. These include: * an Achilles tank destroyer in La Roche * a Panther tank in the village Celles * a

Sherman tank } The M4 Sherman, officially Medium Tank, M4, was the most widely used medium tank by the United States and Western Allies in World War II. The M4 Sherman proved to be reliable, relatively cheap to produce, and available in great numbers. It w ...

in the town square of Bastogne * a Tiger II tank in the village of

La Gleize La Gleize ( wa, Li Gléjhe-dilé-Stoumont) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Stoumont, located in the province of Liège, Belgium. It was a municipality before the fusion of 1977. La Gleize is located on a rocky outc ...

A plinth-mounted T-35/85 tank commemorates the soldiers of the

5th Guards Tank Army The 5th Guards Tank Army (Russian: 5-я гварде́йская та́нковая а́рмия) was a Soviet Guards armored formation which fought in many notable actions during World War II. The army was formed in February 1943. Until the aft ...

, at Znamianka in Ukraine.

In cemeteries

Many cemeteries tended by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission have an identical war memorial called the

Cross of Sacrifice The Cross of Sacrifice is a Commonwealth war memorial designed in 1918 by Sir Reginald Blomfield for the Imperial War Graves Commission (now the Commonwealth War Graves Commission). It is present in Commonwealth war cemeteries containing 40 or ...

designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield that varies in height from 18 ft to 32 ft depending on the size of the cemetery. If there are one thousand or more burials, a Commonwealth cemetery will contain a

Stone of Remembrance The Stone of Remembrance is a standardised design for war memorials that was designed in 1917 by the British architect Sir Edwin Lutyens for the Imperial War Graves Commission (IWGC). It was designed to commemorate the dead of World War I, to b ...

, designed by Sir

Edwin Lutyens Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens ( ; 29 March 1869 – 1 January 1944) was an English architect known for imaginatively adapting traditional architectural styles to the requirements of his era. He designed many English country houses, war memori ...

with words from the Wisdom of Sirach: "

Their name liveth for evermore {{No footnotes, date=January 2022 "Their name liveth for evermore" is a phrase from the King James Version of the Bible, forming the second half of a line in Ecclesiasticus or Sirach, chapter 44, verse 14, widely inscribed on war memorials since th ...

"; all the Stones of Remembrance are 11 ft 6 ins long and 5 ft high with three steps leading up to them. Arlington National Cemetery has a Canadian Cross of Sacrifice with the names of all the citizens of the USA who lost their lives fighting in the Canadian forces during the Korean War and two World Wars.

Controversy

War memorials can sometimes be politically controversial. A notable case is that of the Yasukuni Shrine in Japan, where a number of convicted World War II war criminals are interred. Chinese and Korean representatives have often protested against the visits of Japanese politicians to the shrine. The visits have in the past led to severe diplomatic conflicts between the nations, and Japanese businesses were attacked in China after a visit by former Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi to the shrine was widely reported and criticized in Chinese and Korean media. In a similar case, former German chancellor Helmut Kohl was criticised by writers

Günter Grass Günter Wilhelm Grass (born Graß; ; 16 October 1927 – 13 April 2015) was a German novelist, poet, playwright, illustrator, graphic artist, sculptor, and recipient of the 1999 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in the Free City of Da ...

and

Elie Wiesel Elie Wiesel (, born Eliezer Wiesel ''Eliezer Vizel''; September 30, 1928 – July 2, 2016) was a Romanian-born American writer, professor, political activist, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel laureate, and Holocaust survivor. He authored Elie Wiesel b ...

for visiting the war cemetery at Bitburg (in the company of

Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan ( ; February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician, actor, and union leader who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He also served as the 33rd governor of California from 1967 ...

) which also contained the bodies of SS troops. Unlike the case of the Yasukuni Shrine, there was no element of intentional disregard of international opinion involved, as is often claimed for the politician visits to the Japanese shrine. Soviet World War II memorials included quotes of Joseph Stalin's texts, frequently replaced after his death. Such memorials were often constructed in city centres and now are sometimes regarded as symbols of Soviet occupation and removed, which in turn may spark protests (see Bronze Soldier of Tallinn). The Fusiliers' memorial arch to the Royal Dublin Fusiliers who fought in the Boer War, erected at 1907 in

St. Stephen's Green St Stephen's Green () is a garden square and public park located in the city centre of Dublin, Ireland. The current landscape of the park was designed by William Sheppard. It was officially re-opened to the public on Tuesday, 27 July 1880 by Lo ...

, Dublin, was called "Traitors' Gate" by the Redmondites and later

Irish Republicans Irish republicanism ( ga, poblachtánachas Éireannach) is the political movement for the unity and independence of Ireland under a republic. Irish republicans view British rule in any part of Ireland as inherently illegitimate. The developm ...

, from whose point of view Irish soldiers going off to fight the British Empire's wars were traitors to Ireland. The sharpness of the controversy gradually faded, and while the term "Traitors' Gate" is still in occasional colloquial use in Dublin daily life, it has mostly lost its pejorative meaning. In Australia, in 1981, historian Henry Reynolds raised the issue of whether war memorials should be erected to Indigenous Australians who had died fighting against British invaders on their lands.

How, then, do we deal with the Aboriginal dead? White Australians frequently say that 'all that' should be forgotten. But it will not be. It cannot be. Black memories are too deeply, too recently scarred. And forgetfulness is a strange prescription coming from a community which has revered the fallen warrior and emblazoned the phrase 'Lest We Forget' on monuments throughout the land. .. we make room for the Aboriginal dead on our memorials, cenotaphs, boards of honour and even in the pantheon of national heroes? If we are to continue to celebrate the sacrifice of men and women who died for their country can we deny admission to fallen tribesmen? There is much in their story that Australians have traditionally admired. They were ever the underdogs, were always outgunned, yet frequently faced death without flinching. If they did not die for Australia as such they fell defending their homelands, their sacred sites, their way of life. What is more the blacks bled on their own soil and not half a world away furthering the strategic objectives of a distant Motherland whose influence must increasingly be seen as of transient importance in the history of the continent.

Reynolds' suggestion proved controversial. Occasional memorials have been erected to commemorate Aboriginal people's resistance to colonisation, or to commemorate white massacres of Indigenous Australians. These memorials have often generated controversy. For example, a 1984 memorial to the Kalkadoon people's "resistance against the paramilitary force of European settlers and the Queensland Native Mounted Police" was "frequently shot at" and "eventually blown up". With the advent of long war, some memorials are constructed before the conflict is over, leaving space for extra names of the dead. For instance, the

Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial The Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial is a memorial in Irvine, California, to American troops who died in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The names on the memorial come from US DoD casualty records for Operation Enduring Freedom, Operati ...

in Irvine, CA, memorializes an ongoing pair of US wars, and has space to inscribe the names of approximately 8,000 fallen servicemembers, while the UK National Memorial Arboretum near Lichfield in England hosts the UK's National Armed Forces Memorial which displays the names of the more than 16,000 people who have already died on active service in the UK armed forces since World War II, with more space available for future fatalities.

List of war memorials

Africa

Egypt

Unknown Soldier Memorial (Egypt) The Unknown Soldier Memorial in Cairo is a pyramid-shaped monument in Nasr City. Its construction was ordered by president Anwar Sadat in 1974 in honor of Egyptians and Arabs who lost their lives in the 1973 October War. It was inaugurated in Oc ...

Port Said Martyrs Memorial Port Said Martyrs Memorial is a monument in Al-Sharq District, Port Said. It was constructed in the form of Pharaonic obelisk covered with grey granite imitating the Egyptian ancestors – the pharaohs – who left obelisks in the sites of their ...

Somaliland

Hargeisa War Memorial The Hargeisa War Memorial is a monument in Hargeisa, the capital of Somaliland. The memorial was set up to commemorate the war for independence in the 1980s, and is a symbol of struggle for the people of Somaliland. Description and history ...

Americas

Brazil

Monument to the dead of World War II The Monument to the Dead of World War II ( pt, Monumento Nacional aos Mortos da Segunda Guerra Mundial), also the Monument to the Brazilian Soldiers of World War II, commemorates Brazil's participation and losses in the Second World War (WWII). ...

Monument to the Expeditionary A monument is a type of structure that was explicitly created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, his ...

Canada

* List of Canadian war memorials

Falkland Islands

1982 Liberation Memorial The 1982 Liberation Memorial is a war memorial in Stanley, Falkland Islands. It commemorates all British Forces and supporting units that served in the Falklands War and helped liberate the Falkland Islanders from Argentine military occupation ...

United States

The Hiker (Kitson) ''The Hiker'' is a statue created by Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson. It commemorates the American soldiers who fought in the Spanish–American War, the Boxer Rebellion and the Philippine–American War. The first version of it was made for the Uni ...

and

The Hiker (Newman) ''The Hiker'' is a statue created by Allen George Newman. Like Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson's statue of the same name, it was created to honor the American soldiers who took "long hikes in steaming jungles" during the Boxer Rebellion, the Spanish� ...

* Indiana World War Memorial Plaza * Iron Mike * Korean War Veterans Memorial *

Liberation (Holocaust memorial) ''Liberation'' is a bronze Holocaust memorial created by the sculptor Nathan Rapoport, located in Liberty State Park in Jersey City, in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. Officially dedicated on May 30, 1985, the monument portrays an A ...

* Liberty Memorial * List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic * List of Confederate monuments and memorials *

List of monuments of the Gettysburg Battlefield The monuments of the Gettysburg Battlefield commemorate the July 1 to 3, 1863 Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War. Most are located within Gettysburg National Military Park; others are on private land at battle sites in and around Getty ...

* List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials *

Middle East Conflicts Wall Memorial The Middle East Conflicts Wall Memorial is a monument in Marseilles, Illinois, which commemorates the U.S. servicemen and women in who died during all Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopol ...

* National Cemetery * Navy – Merchant Marine Memorial *

* Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument * Soldier Field * Spirit of the American Doughboy * Spirit of the American Navy * Tomb of the Unknown Revolutionary War Soldier * Tomb of the Unknowns * United States Marine Corps War Memorial * United States Navy Memorial * Vietnam Veterans Memorial *

Vietnam Women's Memorial The Vietnam Women's Memorial is a memorial dedicated to the nurses and women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War.Schmitt, Eric. "A Belated Salute to the Women Who Served." ''New York Times''. Late ed. November 12, 1993. 1+.Biggins, ...

* World War I Memorial (Kansas City, Missouri) *

World War I Memorial (Washington, D.C.) The National World War I Memorial is a List of national memorials of the United States, national memorial commemorating the service rendered by members of the United States Armed Forces in World War I. The 2015 National Defense Authorization Ac ...

* World War II Memorial Valley forge revolutionary war memorial bs

=Memorial coliseums and stadiums in the United States

= * Memorial Coliseum,

Lexington, Kentucky Lexington is a city in Kentucky, United States that is the county seat of Fayette County, Kentucky, Fayette County. By population, it is the List of cities in Kentucky, second-largest city in Kentucky and List of United States cities by popul ...

* Memorial Coliseum,

Corpus Christi, Texas Corpus Christi (; Ecclesiastical Latin: "'' Body of Christ"'') is a coastal city in the South Texas region of the U.S. state of Texas and the county seat and largest city of Nueces County, it also extends into Aransas, Kleberg, and San Patrici ...

* Veterans Memorial Coliseum, Portland, Oregon *

Allen County War Memorial Coliseum Allen County War Memorial Coliseum is a 13,000-seat multi-purpose arena located in Fort Wayne, Indiana, near present-day Johnny Appleseed Park. It opened in 1952 with a construction cost of nearly $3 million. The Allen County War Memorial Colise ...

, Fort Wayne, Indiana * Coleman Coliseum, Tuscaloosa, Alabama * Beard–Eaves–Memorial Coliseum, Auburn, Alabama *

Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (also known as the L.A. Coliseum) is a multi-purpose stadium in the Exposition Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Conceived as a hallmark of civic pride, the Coliseum was commissioned in 1921 as a mem ...

, Los Angeles, California * Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum, Winston-Salem, North Carolina *

Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Coliseum The Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Coliseum (originally and still commonly known as the Jacksonville Coliseum) was a multi-purpose arena located in Jacksonville, Florida. Built in 1960 and known as "northern Florida's most historic concert venue ...

, Jacksonville, Florida *

VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena (originally Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena) is a multi-purpose arena located in Jacksonville, Florida. It currently serves as the home arena of the Jacksonville Icemen of the ECHL, the Jacksonville Giants o ...

, Jacksonville, Florida * Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum, Phoenix, Arizona *

Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Coliseum The Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Coliseum (a.k.a. Veterans Memorial Coliseum, The Coliseum, Evansville Coliseum) is a multi-purpose auditorium and meeting space in downtown Evansville, Indiana. History The Coliseum was erected as a tribute t ...

, Evansville, Indiana * Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum, Uniondale, New York * New Haven Veterans Memorial Coliseum, New Haven, Connecticut * Veterans Memorial Coliseum, Marion, Ohio * Veterans Stadium, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * War Memorial Stadium (Buffalo, New York) * War Memorial Stadium (Arkansas), Little Rock, Arkansas

Asia

Bangladesh

Jatiyo Smriti Soudho The National Martyrs' Memorial ( bn, জাতীয় স্মৃতিসৌধ ''Jatiyo Sriti Soudho'') is the national monument of Bangladesh, set up in the memory of those who died in the Bangladesh War of Independence of 1971, which bro ...

, Savar, in Bangladesh

China

* Monument to the People's Heroes ( Beijing)

=Hong Kong

= * The Cenotaph (Hong Kong)

India

Amar Jawan Jyoti Amar Jawan Jyoti ( hi, अमर जवान ज्योति, , or light) is an Indian memorial conceptualised and constructed after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and inaugurated on 26 January 1972. It was the national war memorial in India ...

(to commemorate the dead and unknown soldiers of the Indian Armed Forces who sacrificed their lives defending India) * India Gate (Dedicated to the soldiers of the British Indian army) *

Khalanga War Memorial Khalanga War Memorial is a heritage monument in Dehradun, India, dedicated to the memory of Gorkha soldiers who fought the British in 1814 in the Battle of Nalapani, the first battle of the Anglo-Nepalese War. It has been described as the only ...

Dehradun Dehradun () is the capital and the most populous city of the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and is governed by the Dehradun Municipal Corporation, with the Uttarakhand Legislative As ...

* National War Memorial, New Delhi (National War Memorial (NWM) at India Gate built on the sprawling lawns of India Gate, in memory of the war heroes of Indian forces) * War Memorial, Darjeeling * War Memorial of the 49th Bengalee Regiment, Kolkata (dedicated to the soldiers of 49th

Bengali Regiment Bangali Platoon or Bengalee Regiment was a regiment of Bengali soldiers raised during the First World War with Lt. S. G. Taylor as a Regiment Commander. At the beginning of the First World War (1914–1918). So that time many non-combatant soldi ...

, who died in World War I)

Iraq

* Al-Shaheed Monument

Israel

National Memorial Hall (Mount Herzl) Mount Herzl ( he, הַר הֶרְצְל ''Har Hertsl''), also ''Har ha-Zikaron'' ( lit. "Mount of Remembrance"), is the site of Israel's national cemetery and other memorial and educational facilities, found on the west side of Jerusalem beside ...

(site of Israel's national cemetery and other memorial facilities) * Yad Vashem (located on the ''Mount of Remembrance'' in Jerusalem, dedicated to gentiles who, at personal risk and without a financial or evangelistic motive, chose to save Jews from genocide) * Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations (dedicated to honor those gentiles who during the Holocaust of World War 2 risked their lives to save Jews) * Yom Hazikaron ( ''lit.'' "The Day of Remembrance" dedicated for the Fallen Soldiers of Israel and Victims of Terrorism) * Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial * Israeli casualties of war memorials: ** Davidka memorial ** Memorial for the Defenders of the Old City of Jerusalem ** Beit Lid memorial ** Ashdod Port memorial ** Avivim school bus memorial ** Avshalom Feinberg memorial ** Hill 69 memorial ** Jaffa Road bombing memorial ** Mahal memorial ** Ma'alot memorial ** Six-Day War memorial ** Coastal Road memorial ** Maxim restaurant massacre memorial ** Be'erot Izhak memorial ** Bus suicide bombing memorial in Tel Aviv ** Haganah memorial ** Second Lebanon War memorial **

1948 Arab–Israeli War The 1948 (or First) Arab–Israeli War was the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. It formally began following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight on 14 May 1948; the Israeli Declaration of Independence had ...

** Dolphinarium massacre memorial ** Combat Engineering Corps memorial ** Druze soldiers memorial in Daliyat Al-Karmel ** Olei Hagardom memorial ** Fatality victims of Palestinian rocket attacks memorial ** Beersheba suicide terror attack memorial ** Fallen Israeli policemen memorial ** Memorial for the fallen soldiers of the Israeli Engineering Corp ** Convoy of the Lamed-Heh memorial ** Kiryat Anavim military cemetery ** Independence War Memorial in Kibbutz Malkia ** Yad La-Shiryon (''lit.'' The Armored Corps Memorial Site and Museum at Latrun)

Japan

* Yasukuni Shrine *

Chidorigafuchi National Cemetery is a national Japanese cemetery and memorial for 352,297 unidentified war dead of the Second World War, located near the inner moat of the Imperial Palace and Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo, Japan. __NOTOC__ Overview The recovery of remains from ...

Lebanon

* Mleeta museum

Malaysia

Tugu Negara The Tugu Negara is a sculpture considered as a national monument that commemorates those who died in Malaysia's struggle for freedom, principally against the Japanese occupation during World War II and the Malayan Emergency, which lasted from ...

(National Monument)

Myanmar

Taukkyan War Cemetery The Taukkyan War Cemetery ( my, ထောက်ကြံ့ စစ်သင်္ချိုင်း) is a cemetery for Allied soldiers from the British Commonwealth who died in battle in Burma during the Second World War. The cemetery is in th ...

(British Commonwealth "Burma")

Nepal

Gurkha Memorial Park Gurkha Memorial Park was established in Dharan, Nepal, "to preserve the legacy of Brigade of Gurkhas in Dharan for posterity before it is forgotten and lost forever", as many Nepalese men, many of whom were residents of Dharan, joined the Brigade ...

, Dharan

Philippines

Mausoleum of the Veterans of the Revolution The Mausoluem of the Veterans of the Revolution (Spanish: ''Panteón de los Veteranos de la Revolución'' or the ''Mausoleo de los Veteranos de la Revolución'') is a memorial and national monument dedicated to Filipino revolutionaries of the Phi ...

Singapore

* Kranji Memorial

South Korea

* The War Memorial Museum *

Gapyeong Canada Monument The Gapyeong Canada Monument ( ko, 캐나다 전투 기념비) is a monument erected to commemorate the sacrifice of the Canadian Forces during the Korean War, especially at the Battle of Kapyong in the Canadian Korean War Memorial Garden. The E ...

Thailand

* Victory Monument

United Arab Emirates

Oasis of Dignity In ecology, an oasis (; ) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment Soviet war memorial (Vienna) The Soviet War Memorial in Vienna, more formally known as the Heroes' Monument of the Red Army (german: Heldendenkmal der Roten Armee), is located at Vienna's Schwarzenbergplatz. The semi-circular white marble colonnade partially enclosing a twel ...

Belarus

Brest Fortress Brest Fortress ( be, Брэсцкая крэпасць, '; pl, Twierdza brzeska, russian: Брестская крепость), formerly known as Brest-Litoŭsk Fortress, is a 19th-century fortress in Brest, Belarus. In 1965, the title "H ...

(Brest) * Khatyn massacre

Belgium

* (Liège) *

Menin Gate Memorial The Menin Gate ( nl, Menenpoort), officially the Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing, is a war memorial in Ypres, Belgium, dedicated to the British and Commonwealth soldiers who were killed in the Ypres Salient of World War I and whose graves ar ...

(Ypres) *

Saint Julien Memorial The St. Julien Memorial, also known as The Brooding Soldier, is a Canadian war memorial and small commemorative park located in the village of Saint-Julien, Langemark ( vls, Sint-Juliaan), Belgium. The memorial commemorates the Canadian First Di ...

(Langemark) *

Island of Ireland Peace Park The Island of Ireland Peace Park and its surrounding park ( ga, Páirc Síochána d'Oileán na hÉireann), also called the Irish Peace Park or Irish Peace Tower in Messines, near Ypres in Flanders, Belgium, is a war memorial to the soldiers of ...

(Messines) *

Lion's Mound The Lion's Mound (french: Butte du Lion, "Lion's Hillock/Knoll"; nl, Leeuw van Waterloo, "Lion of Waterloo") is a large conical artificial hill located in Wallonia in the municipality of Braine-l'Alleud (Dutch: Eigenbrakel), Belgium. King Wil ...

(Waterloo)

Croatia

* Petrova Gora Monument *

Slabinja Monument Monument to the Fallen Fighters and Victims of Fascism from Slabinja ( hr, Spomenik svim borcima i žrtvama fašističkog terora sela Slabinja), simply known as the Slabinja Monument, is a war memorial sculpture located in Slabinja, Sisak-Moslav ...

Villers–Bretonneux Australian National Memorial The Australian National Memorial, Villers-Bretonneux is the main memorial to Australian military personnel killed on the Western Front during World War I. It is located on the Route Villiers-Bretonneux (D 23), between the towns of Fouillo ...

(Australian World War I Memorial) *

Vimy Ridge Memorial The Canadian National Vimy Memorial is a war memorial site in France dedicated to the memory of Canadian Expeditionary Force members killed during the First World War. It also serves as the place of commemoration for Canadian soldiers of the First ...

(Canadian World War I Memorial) * Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme (British World War I Memorial) * Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial (USA World War II Memorial) ** ''see also'' Monuments aux Morts

Germany

Tannenberg memorial The Tannenberg Memorial () was a monument to the German soldiers of the Battle of Tannenberg, the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes and the medieval Battle of Tannenberg (1410). The victorious German commander, ''Generalfeldmarschall'' Paul von ...

Völkerschlachtdenkmal The Monument to the Battle of the Nations (german: Völkerschlachtdenkmal, sometimes shortened to ''Völki'' or ''Schlachti'') is a monument in Leipzig, Germany, to the 1813 Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of the Nations. Paid for mo ...

Befreiungshalle The Befreiungshalle (''"Hall of Liberation"'', ) is a neoclassical monument on the Michelsberg hill above the town of Kelheim in Bavaria, Germany. It stands upstream of Regensburg on the river Danube at the confluence of the Danube and the Al ...

* Hermannsdenkmal * Soviet War Memorial (Treptower Park) * Neue Wache Berlin * Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars *

Aegidienkirche, Hanover Aegidien Church (german: Aegidienkirche, italics=unset, after Saint Giles to whom the church was dedicated) is a war memorial in Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. A church dating to 1347 when it replaced an older Romanesque church ...

, church ruined in World War II, with a Hiroshima peace bell

Ireland

* Garden of Remembrance "all those who gave their lives in the cause of Irish Freedom" (1798–1921) * Irish National War Memorial Gardens "to the memory of the 49,400 Irish soldiers who gave their lives in the Great War, 1914–1918"

Italy

Redipuglia War Memorial The Redipuglia War Memorial ( it, Sacrario militare di Redipuglia, italic=no) is a World War I memorial located on the Karst Plateau near the village of Fogliano Redipuglia, in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region of northeastern Italy. It is the la ...

* Asiago War Memorial *

Sacrario militare di Pocol Sacrario militare di Pocol (also known as Ossario di Pocol) is a cemetery and shrine near the Falzarego Pass, in the locality of Pocol in the ''comune'' of Cortina d'Ampezzo Cortina d'Ampezzo (; lld, Anpezo, ; historical de-AT, Hayden) is ...

* Sacrario militare dei Caduti Oltremare di Bari

Latvia

* Freedom Monument

Malta

* Malta Memorial * War Memorial

Netherlands

National Monument A national monument is a monument constructed in order to commemorate something of importance to national heritage, such as a country's founding, independence, war, or the life and death of a historical figure. The term may also refer to a spec ...

(Amsterdam) *

Waalsdorpervlakte The Waalsdorpervlakte () is an open place in the dune area "Meijendel" (The Hague, Netherlands), where between 250 and 280 members of the Dutch resistance were killed by the Germans during World War II. After the liberation of the Netherlands, N ...

Erebegraafplaats Bloemendaal The Erebegraafplaats Bloemendaal, or Dutch Honorary Cemetery Bloemendaal, is a World War II final resting place in Zuid-Kennemerland National Park in Bloemendaal, Netherlands. Located on the top of a dune, it can be reached by a small path from ...

Netherlands American Cemetery Netherlands American Cemetery and Memorial ( nl, Amerikaanse Begraafplaats Margraten) is a Second World War military war grave cemetery, located in the village of Margraten, east of Maastricht, in the most southern part of the Netherlands. The ...

* Groesbeek Memorial, Canadian War Cemetery * Liberty Monument Welberg (Welberg (Steenbergen))

Poland

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier A Tomb of the Unknown Soldier or Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is a monument dedicated to the services of an unknown soldier and to the common memories of all soldiers killed in war. Such tombs can be found in many nations and are usually high-prof ...

Westerplatte Monument The Westerplatte Monument, also known as the Monument to the Defenders of the Coast (Polish: ''Pomnik Obrońców Wybrzeża'') is a war memorial located in Gdańsk, Poland, on the Westerplatte Peninsula in the Gdańsk harbour channel constructed ...

Warsaw Uprising Monument Warsaw Uprising Monument ( pl, pomnik Powstania Warszawskiego) is a monument in Warsaw, Poland, dedicated to the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. Unveiled in 1989, it was sculpted by Wincenty Kućma and the architect was Jacek Budyn. It is located on t ...

Mały Powstaniec ''Mały Powstaniec'' (the ''Little Insurrectionist'') is a statue in commemoration of the child soldiers who fought and died during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. It is located on Podwale Street, Warsaw, Poland, next to the ramparts of Warsaw's ...

Monument to the Heroes of Warsaw The Monument to the Heroes of Warsaw, also known as the Warsaw Nike, is a statue located at the intersection of Nowy Przejazd (the New By-pass) and Aleja Solidarności (Solidarity Avenue) in Warsaw. The monument commemorates all those who died in ...

* Monument to the Ghetto Heroes *

Monument to the Polish Underground State and Home Army The Monument to the Polish Underground State and Home Army is located on Wiejska Street at the intersection with Jana Matejki Street opposite the Sejm, the Polish parliament. History The Polish Underground State and Home Army were never given ...

* Monument to the Fallen and Murdered in the East *

Monument to the Battle of Monte Cassino in Warsaw The Monument to the Battle of Monte Cassino ( pl, Pomnik Bitwy o Monte Cassino w Warszawie) is a monument in Warsaw, Poland located in the square between Władysław Anders, General Anders Street and the gates of the Krasiński Gardens near the N ...

Romania

Mausoleum of Mărăşeşti A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or people. A mausoleum without the person's remains is called a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be cons ...

Russia

(Moscow) *

Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery (russian: Пискарёвское мемориа́льное кла́дбище) is located in Saint Petersburg, on the Avenue of the Unvanquished (Проспект Непокорённых), dedicated mostly to ...

(Siege of Leningrad) *

Poklonnaya Hill Poklonnaya Gora (russian: Покло́нная гора́, literally "bow-down hill"; metaphorically "Worshipful Submission Hill"') is, at 171.5 meters, one of the highest natural spots in Moscow. Its two summits used to be separated by the Setun ...

(Battle of Moscow) * Mamayev Kurgan (Battle of Stalingrad)

Slovenia

Tomb of National Heroes (Ljubljana) The Tomb of National Heroes ( sl, Grobnica narodnih herojev, also ) in Ljubljana, Slovenia is a tomb and a monument for the national heroes of the World War II resistance struggle in Slovenia, created in 1949. The designers of the tomb and the mon ...

Vojko's Plaque Vojko's Plaque ( sl, Vojkova plošča) is a local landmark in the Idrijca Gorge in the settlement of Idrijski Log, western Slovenia. This is a plaque that marks the site where the Partisan fighter Janko Premrl (nom de guerre Vojko, 1920–1943) was ...

Monument to the Victims of All Wars The Monument to the Victims of All Wars ( sl, Spomenik žrtvam vseh vojn, also ''Spomenik vsem žrtvam vojn (in z vojnami povezanim žrtvam na območju RS)'', 'Monument to the Victims of All Wars and Victims Connected with Wars in Slovenia') is a m ...

List of World War II monuments and memorials in Slovenia List of World War II monuments and memorials in Slovenia represent Yugoslav monuments and memorials built on the territory of the present day Slovenia. History The Yugoslav authorities established several memorial sites between 1945 and 1960, th ...

Monuments to the Slovene Partisans Monuments to the Slovene Partisans is a common term for memorial plaques, obelisks, monuments, stationary and other sculptures erected after World War II in memory of deceased partisans and hostages shot or hung. They mark battle sites, partisa ...

Spain

Fossar de les Moreres The Fossar de les Moreres (, literally "Grave of the Mulberries") is a memorial square in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain), adjacent to the basilica of Santa Maria del Mar. The plaza was built over a cemetery where defenders of the city were bur ...

* Valle de los Caídos (Valley of the Fallen)

Switzerland

* ''

Lion Monument The ''Lion Monument'' (german: Löwendenkmal), or the ''Lion of Lucerne'', is a rock relief in Lucerne, Switzerland, designed by Bertel Thorvaldsen and hewn in 1820–21 by Lukas Ahorn. It commemorates the Swiss Guards who were massacred in 17 ...

Turkey

* Monument of Liberty, Istanbul * Aviation Martyrs' Monument *

Balkan Wars Memorial Cemetery in Edirne The Balkan Wars Memorial Cemetery in Edirne ( tr, Edirne Balkan Savaşı Şehitliği), located at Sarayiçi quarter of Edirne, Turkey, is a memorial burial ground for Ottoman military personnel of the Balkan Wars (1912–1913), who were killed ...

* Çanakkale Martyrs' Memorial *

57th Infantry Regiment Memorial The 57th Infantry Regiment Memorial is a Turkish war memorial commemorating the men of the Ottoman 57th Infantry Regiment who died during the Gallipoli campaign. The Gallipoli campaign, battles at Gallipoli took place during an eight-month campaig ...

Respect to Mehmetçik Monument The Respect to Mehmetçik Memorial ( tr, Mehmetçiğe Saygı Anıtı) is a monument in the Gallipoli peninsula, Çanakkale Province, Turkey. It is located in the Eceabat district of Çanakkale Province in the southern end of Albayrak heights with ...

* Atatürk and Şerife Bacı Monument *

Victory Monument (Ankara) Victory Monument ( tr, Zafer Anıtı also known as ''Ulus Atatürk Anıtı'') is a monument in Ankara, Turkey. Geography The monument is in the Ulus Square which was the main square in Ankara before the 1950s. It is situated to the east of Atat� ...

Cyprus Memorial Forest in Silifke The Cyprus Memorial Forest ( tr, Kıbrıs Hatura Ormanı), a.k.a. Cyprus Memorial Cemetery ( tr, Kıbrıs Şehitliği), is a memorial forest including a symbolic military cemetery and an open-air museum dedicated to the Turkish servicemen kille ...

UK

Animals in War Memorial The Animals in War Memorial is a war memorial, in Hyde Park, London, commemorating the countless animals that have served and died under British military command throughout history. It was designed by English sculptor David Backhouse and unveiled ...

* The National Armed Forces Memorial in Alrewas, Staffordshire * The Cenotaph, Whitehall, London *

The Cenotaph, Belfast The Belfast Cenotaph is a war memorial in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in Donegall Square West, to the west of Belfast City Hall. Like the City Hall, it was designed by Sir Alfred Brumwell Thomas. The cenotaph was unveiled in 1929. It became a ...

* Commando Memorial, Spean Bridge,

Highland Highlands or uplands are areas of high elevation such as a mountainous region, elevated mountainous plateau or high hills. Generally speaking, upland (or uplands) refers to ranges of hills, typically from up to while highland (or highlands) is ...

* Great Eastern Railway War Memorial, at Liverpool Street station (to the east) *

Great Western Railway War Memorial The Great Western Railway War Memorial is a First World War memorial by Charles Sargeant Jagger and Thomas S. Tait. It stands on platform 1 at London Paddington station, commemorating the 2,500 employees of the Great Western Railway (GWR) who ...

, at Paddington station (to the west) *

Hall of Memory, Birmingham The Hall of Memory is a war memorial in Centenary Square, Birmingham, England, designed by S. N. Cooke and W. N. Twist. Erected 1922–25 by John Barnsley and Son, it commemorates the 12,320 Birmingham citizens who died in World War I. Built dir ...

Lewis War Memorial The Lewis War Memorial is a war memorial dedicated to the men from the Lewis area (Outer Hebrides, Scotland) who lost their lives in World War I and those who survived the war only to drown while returning home during the 1919 sinking of HMY Iola ...

Stornoway Stornoway (; gd, Steòrnabhagh; sco, Stornowa) is the main town of the Western Isles and the capital of Lewis and Harris in Scotland. The town's population is around 6,953, making it by far the largest town in the Outer Hebrides, as well a ...

, Western Isles * London, Brighton and South Coast Railway War Memorial, at London Bridge station (to the south east) * Battle of Maiwand, Reading * Midland Railway War Memorial, in Derby * War memorials in Monmouth, Wales *

National Firefighters Memorial The National Firefighters Memorial is a memorial composed of three bronze statues depicting firefighters in action at the height of the Blitz. It is located on the Jubilee Walkway to the south of St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London, a ...

* North Eastern Railway War Memorial, in York *

Northern Ireland War Memorial The Northern Ireland War Memorial also called NI War Memorial and War Memorial was opened in 2007 in Talbot Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland. It replaced an earlier building called Memorial House which was located in Waring Street on a site whic ...

Edinburgh Castle Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock (Edinburgh), Castle Rock, which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age, although the nature of the early settlement is unclear. ...

City of Edinburgh The City of Edinburgh Council is the local government authority for the city of Edinburgh, capital of Scotland. With a population of in mid-2019, it is the second most populous local authority area in Scotland. In its current form, the counci ...

* Scottish War Memorials *

Shot at Dawn Memorial The Shot at Dawn Memorial is a monument at the National Memorial Arboretum near Alrewas, in Staffordshire, UK. It commemorates the 306 British Army and Commonwealth soldiers executed after courts-martial for desertion and other capital offenc ...

Southampton Cenotaph Southampton Cenotaph is a World War I memorials, First World War memorial designed by Edwin Lutyens, Sir Edwin Lutyens and located in Watts Park in the southern English city of Southampton. The memorial was the first of dozens by Lutyens to be ...

Lutyens first memorial *

The Unknown Warrior The British grave of the Unknown Warrior (often known as 'The Tomb of the Unknown Warrior') holds an unidentified member of the British armed forces killed on a European battlefield during the First World War.Hanson, Chapters 23 & 24 He was gi ...

in Westminster Abbey *

Welsh National War Memorial The Welsh National War Memorial ( cy, Cofeb ryfel Cenedlaethol Cymru) is situated in Alexandra Gardens, Cathays Park, Cardiff. The memorial was designed by Sir Ninian Comper and unveiled on 12 June 1928 by the Prince of Wales. The memorial comm ...

, Cardiff * Women of World War II, London

Oceania

Australia

* ANZAC War Memorial (Sydney) *

Australian War Memorial The Australian War Memorial is Australia's national memorial to the members of its armed forces and supporting organisations who have died or participated in wars involving the Commonwealth of Australia and some conflicts involving pe ...

(Canberra) * Fremantle War Memorial (Fremantle) * Great Ocean Road (Victoria) * Hobart Cenotaph (Hobart) * State War Memorial (Perth) * National War Memorial (Adelaide) * Shrine of Remembrance (Brisbane), and

World War I memorials in Queensland War memorials were erected in many towns of Queensland, Australia, in commemoration of the service and death of many Queenslanders in World War I. History Queensland had few civic monuments before the First World War. The memorials erected in ...

* Shrine of Remembrance (Melbourne) *

Mount Macedon Memorial Cross The Mount Macedon Memorial Cross is a heritage-listed war memorial at 405 Cameron Drive, Mount Macedon, Macedon Ranges Shire, Victoria, Australia. It is also known as the Cameron Memorial Cross. It was listed on the Victorian Heritage Register o ...

(Mount Macedon)

New Zealand

* Auckland War Memorial Museum * National War Memorial (Wellington)

References

External links

General

Sites of Memory
(Historical markers, memorials, monuments, and cemeteries worldwide)

France

Mémorial pacifist in French

Queutchny1418
(As of 26 April 2014, more than 5240 pictures of 1914–1918 memorials)(in French)
Mémorial-GenWeb
(French war memorials (photos and inscriptions), in French)

Germany

German war memorials
(photos and inscriptions), in German

(German World War II and Holocaust memorials, private travel blog entry)

Ireland

Irish War Memorials
(An inventory of war memorials in Ireland)

Japan

Kamikaze Images – Monuments
(monuments for WWII Special Attack Forces including Kamikaze Corps)

United Kingdom

Architecture
(from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission website)
UK War Memorials Register
(the comprehensive national register of over 68,000 UK war memorials and the names of over 900,000 of the individuals they commemorate)
Scottish War Memorials Project
(public access forum recording all of Scotland's War Memorials)
Charity recording North East War Memorials including names and images.

United States

United States Navy Memorial
(including Navy Log and naval history information)
Vietnam Unit Memorial Monument
(Coronado California) {{Authority control Aftermath of war Memorials, war Types of monuments and memorials

Symbolism

Historical usage

Modern usage

History

World War I

Pacifist war memorials and those relating to war and peace

World War II and later

Types

Tank monument

In cemeteries

Controversy

List of war memorials

Africa

Egypt

Somaliland

Americas

Brazil

Canada

Falkland Islands

United States

=Memorial coliseums and stadiums in the United States

Asia

Bangladesh

China

=Hong Kong

India

Iraq

Israel

Japan

Lebanon

Malaysia

Myanmar

Nepal

Philippines

Singapore

South Korea

Thailand

United Arab Emirates

Belarus

Belgium

Croatia

Denmark

Estonia

France

Germany

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Malta

Netherlands

Poland

Romania

Russia

Slovenia

Spain

Switzerland

Turkey

UK

Oceania

Australia

New Zealand

See also

References

External links

General

France

Germany

Ireland

Japan

United Kingdom

United States