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Pecel (, Javanese:ꦥꦼꦕꦼꦭ꧀) is a traditional Javanese salad with
peanut sauce Peanut sauce, satay sauce (saté sauce), ''bumbu kacang'', ''sambal kacang'', or ''pecel '' is an Indonesian sauce made from ground roasted or fried peanuts, widely used in Indonesian cuisine and many other dishes throughout the world. Peanut s ...
, usually eaten with carbs ( steamed rice, '' lontong'' or '' ketupat'').Pecel Recipe (Java Style Salad with Peanut Sambal)
/ref> The simplicity of pecel preparation and its cheap price have contributed to its popularity throughout Java. It has become a food that represents practicality, simplicity, and travel, since the dish is often found along the train journey across Java. Pecel was introduced to Malaysia, where it is known as pecal, by Javanese immigrants. Pecel is also very popular in
Suriname Suriname (; srn, Sranankondre or ), officially the Republic of Suriname ( nl, Republiek Suriname , srn, Ripolik fu Sranan), is a country on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north ...
, where it was introduced by the Javanese Surinamese.


History

In
Babad Tanah Jawi ''Babad Tanah Jawi'' ( jv, ꦧꦧꦢ꧀ꦠꦤꦃꦗꦮꦶ, "History of the land of Java"), is a generic title for many manuscripts written in the Javanese language. Their arrangements and details vary, and no copies of any of the manuscripts are o ...
(circa 17th century), Ki Gede Pemanahan referred to the dish he presented to his guest, Sunan Kalijaga as "''pecel''-ized boiled vegetables". In
Javanese language Javanese (, , ; , Aksara Jawa: , Pegon: , IPA: ) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, Indonesia. There are also pockets of Javanese speakers on the northe ...
, "''pecel''" used to refer to the act of squeezing the water out of something. Sunan Kalijaga was not familiar with the dish as he came from northeastern part of
Central Java Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in t ...
, while the dish was native to Yogyakarta. This dish became one of the most popular Javanese dishes soon after it was introduced to other regions of Java, and the word ''pecel'' took its current meaning, "a side dish that is made of vegetables and sauce". ''Pecel'' is only one of many Javanese vegetable-based salads. It is similar to '' lothek'', except that ''lothek'' is usually served with fried batter or tofu and uses both raw and cooked vegetables.


Ingredients

Main ingredients usually consist of leafy vegetables, bean sprouts (or any other plant sprouts), long beans, and cabbages. Some other types of vegetables can also be added. People may use amaranth leaves, '' kangkung'', cassava leaves, or leaves or any other local plants that are in season. Some modern recipes will add carrots (sliced) into the mix, or replace white cabbages with the red ones to spice up the color. The sauce is made of roasted (or fried) peanut, asam jawa, coconut sugar, and other spices. It might be served thick or watery, sweet or spicy, depending on the regional variation. ''Pecel'' is usually eaten with rice or rice cake ('' lontong'' or ''
kupat ''Kupat'' (in Javanese language, Javanese and Sundanese language, Sundanese), ''ketupat'' (in Indonesian language, Indonesian and Malay language, Malay), or ''tipat'' (in Balinese language, Balinese) is a Javanese cuisine, Javanese rice cake p ...
''). It can also be eaten alone or with fried side dishes, such as, fried ''tempeh'', ''tofu'', etc.; and
Javanese crackers Javanese may refer to: Of Java * Javanese people, and their culture *Javanese language ** Javanese script, traditional letters used to write Javanese language **Javanese (Unicode block), **Old Javanese, the oldest phase of the Javanese language ...
, such as ''krupuk'' or ''rempeyek''.


Variants

The difference usually lies on the thickness level of the sauce, the taste profiles (spicy, sweet, or savory). In
Central Java Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in t ...
, ''pecel'' sauce is sweet-savory with medium thickness, except in northern coast and north-eastern regions where the sauce tends to be more spicy and the sauce is usually a bit thinner than usual. In East Java, especially
Madiun Madiun ( jv, ꦑꦸꦛꦩꦝꦶꦪꦸꦤ꧀, translit=Kutha Madhiun) is a landlocked city in the western part of East Java, Indonesia, known for its agricultural center. It was formerly (until 2010) the capital of the Madiun Regency, but is now adm ...
, the peanut sauce is very thin and spicy. ''Lamtoro'' seeds are often added as a topping. In Tegal, Central Java, ''pecel'' sauce is made of peanut and cassava root. In
Surakarta Surakarta ( jv, ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ), known colloquially as Solo ( jv, ꦱꦭ; ), is a city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 44 km2 (16.2 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoh ...
's ''pecel ndeso'', black sesame sauce is used on top of peanut sauce. In Yogyakarta, pecel is served with ''bacem'' (sweet-simmered) tempeh or ''tofu''. In
Surakarta Surakarta ( jv, ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ), known colloquially as Solo ( jv, ꦱꦭ; ), is a city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 44 km2 (16.2 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoh ...
, a pecel variant called ''lothek'' (alt. spelling: '' lotek'') includes the use of some raw vegetables, lontong, and ''gorengan''. The name "''lothek''" is derived from "''luthik''", a wooden spatula used to scoop the peanut sauce from a ''cowek'' (grinding bowl). ''Mie pecel'' or ''pecel mie'', a noodle with ''pecel'' sauce is common in
Central Java Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in t ...
as well as Medan. One of them is ''pecel mie kenyol'' from Batang, the noodle made from cassava with a chewy texture.


Gallery

File:Nasi Pecel Khas Madiun.jpg, ''Pecel''
Madiun Madiun ( jv, ꦑꦸꦛꦩꦝꦶꦪꦸꦤ꧀, translit=Kutha Madhiun) is a landlocked city in the western part of East Java, Indonesia, known for its agricultural center. It was formerly (until 2010) the capital of the Madiun Regency, but is now adm ...
with ''
rempeyek Rempeyek or peyek is a deep-fried savoury Indonesian- Javanese cracker made from flour (usually rice flour) with other ingredients, bound or coated by crispy flour batter. The most common type of rempeyek is ''peyek kacang'' ("peanut peyek") ...
'' cracker File:Nasi Pecel Daun Jati.jpg, ''Pecel'' with fritter, ''sate puyuh'' (quail egg satay), ''sate keong'' (freshwater snail satay), and ''sate usus'' (chicken intestine satay) on a teak leaf in Tuban File:MIE PECEL.jpg, ''Mie pecel'' with ''badak'' (veggies fritter) in
Semarang Semarang ( jv, ꦏꦸꦛꦯꦼꦩꦫꦁ , Pegon: سماراڠ) is the capital and largest city of Central Java province in Indonesia. It was a major port during the Dutch colonial era, and is still an important regional center and port today. ...


See also

* Karedok *
Tipat cantok Tipat cantok (Balinese script, Aksara Bali: ) is a Balinese cuisine, Balinese popular local dish. It is made of various boiled or blanched vegetables with ketupat rice cake, served in spicy peanut sauce. In Balinese language ''tipat'' means ketu ...
* Ketoprak * Lawar * List of salads *
Pecel lele Pecel lele or pecak lele is an Indonesian deep-fried ''Clarias'' catfish dish originating from Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Dish It consists of catfish served with traditional ''sambal'' chili paste, often served with fried tempeh and/or tof ...
* Urap


References

{{Malaysian cuisine Malaysian cuisine Javanese cuisine Sauces Vegetarian dishes of Indonesia Vegetable dishes of Indonesia Street food in Indonesia