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Hondarribia ( eu, Hondarribia; es, Fuenterrabía; french: Fontarrabie) is a town situated on the west shore of Bidasoa river's mouth, in Gipuzkoa, in
Basque Country Basque Country may refer to: * Basque Country (autonomous community), as used in Spain ( es, País Vasco, link=no), also called , an Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Spain (shown in pink on the map) * French Basque Country o ...
, Spain. The border town is situated on a little promontory facing Hendaye (France) over the Txingudi bay. A service boat makes the trip between the two cities. The town holds an ancient old quarter with walls and a castle. In addition, Hondarribia features a beach across the Bidasoa from the touristy housing estate ''Sokoburu'' in Hendaye, alongside a mountain called
Jaizkibel Jaizkibel is a mountain range of the Basque Country located east of Pasaia, north of Lezo and west of Hondarribia, in Spain, with at the highest point (peak Alleru). The range stretches south-west to north-east, where it plunges into the sea at ...
providing a hilly backdrop to the town. A road leads north-east from the beach area to the Cape Higuer, located in this municipality. The town harbours the San Sebastian Airport, which serves domestic flights. The population as of 2005 is 15,700 inhabitants.


Battles

The battles fought for possession of this fortified stronghold are generally known by the Spanish name for the place (Fuenterrabía). * Unsuccessful attempts to seize Hondarribia were made by French troops in 1476 and 1503. * Battle of Fuenterrabía (1521), in which
Claude, Duke of Guise Claude de Lorraine, Duke of Guise (20 October 1496 – 12 April 1550) was a French aristocrat and general. He became the first Duke of Guise in 1528. He was a highly effective general for the French crown. His children and grandchildren were to ...
distinguished himself, was instigated by Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet, in command of the army of
Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...
; he occupied the stronghold after the renewal of hostilities. The city was finally reoccupied by Charles V's forces in 1524 after the first Siege of Fuenterrabía. *
Siege of Fuenterrabía (1638) The siege of Fuenterrabía of 1638 took place in June – September 1638, between Spain and France during the Thirty Years' War and the Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659). The French army commanded by Henri de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, Bernard ...
was the outcome of a siege by the invading forces of Louis XIII, led by Condé. 27,000 French soldiers besieged the city for two months, firing 16,000 shells into the walled city, leaving only 300 survivors, most of them women and children. The city was virtually destroyed, but nevertheless did not surrender.Tuwien.ac.at
/ref> The Spanish soldiers were successful, and the raising of the siege is celebrated annually on 8 September in a parade, known as '' Alarde''. *
Battle of Fuenterrabía (1719) A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...
, during the War of the Quadruple Alliance, part of the campaign leading to the French Siege of San Sebastian *
Battle of Fuenterrabía (1794) A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...
, in which the French Revolutionary Army took the city by breaching the walls. After they took over the city, they blew up with the help of German engineers the section of wall facing France. The signing of the Peace of Basel took place before all the wall was destroyed. Although
Milton Milton may refer to: Names * Milton (surname), a surname (and list of people with that surname) ** John Milton (1608–1674), English poet * Milton (given name) ** Milton Friedman (1912–2006), Nobel laureate in Economics, author of '' Free t ...
, in ''
Paradise Lost ''Paradise Lost'' is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English poet John Milton (1608–1674). The first version, published in 1667, consists of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse (poetry), verse. A second edition fo ...
'' associated the rout of Charlemagne in 778 with Fontarabia, it is generally understood to have taken place at Roncesvalles.


Sports

The women's basketball team Hondarribia-Irun and the rowing club Hondarribia Arraun Elkartea are the two most prestigious sports clubs in the town. In the last decade, the judo club Ama Guadalupekoa has had a lot of national medals in this discipline. The Hondarribia-Irun plays in the Spanish women's basketball league since 2003, and it has competed against European teams several times. Hondarribia has a rowing team called Hondarribia Arraun Elkartea, and its boat is characterized by its green color and its name, "Ama Guadalupekoa". In 2005 it won "La Bandera de la Concha", one of the most prestigious competitions for Basque rowers. Furthermore, the Vilariño family, which is fully linked to the world of the engine, continues to achieve success at national and European levels. Hondarribia has its own golf course where
Jose Maria Olazabal Jose is the English transliteration of the Hebrew and Aramaic name ''Yose'', which is etymologically linked to ''Yosef'' or Joseph. The name was popular during the Mishnaic and Talmudic periods. *Jose ben Abin *Jose ben Akabya *Jose the Galilean ...
, one of the best golf players in the world, was raised, and marina, where the Olympic medalist
Iker Martinez Iker is a Basque male given name. The corresponding female name is Ikerne. It was created by the Spanish Basque writer Sabino Arana in his book ' (''Collection of Basque Saints' Names'')—an effort to provide neologistic Basque versions of names i ...
took his first boat roads.


Leisure

* The construction of a jetty and other ancillary works by the engineer Iribarren, created the beach (hondartza) of Hondarribia that provides a place to enjoy the waters of the bay. In the late twentieth century the beach was partially modified, building on its surroundings a recreational port and a sports center. * Throughout the year, but especially in the summer months, Arma Plaza Fundazioa (municipal foundation) organizes guided visits to the old town, the port-quarter of the Marina and the Fort of Guadalupe. * The tourist office also managed by Arma Plaza Fundazioa, located in the Plaza de Armas, incorporates an interpretation center with spaces for audiovisual presentations / temporary exhibitions and souvenirs of the city.


Climate


Notable residents

* Juan de Alcega (16th century), mathematician and tailor known by his book on geometrical tailoring. * Josune Amunarriz, prominent female ''avant-garde'' artist whose large-scale installations can be seen in San Sebastián, China, and New York. *
Jorge Bolet Jorge Bolet (November 15, 1914October 16, 1990) was a Cuban-born American virtuoso pianist and teacher. Among his teachers were Leopold Godowsky, and Moriz Rosenthal – the latter an outstanding pupil of Franz Liszt. Life Bolet was born in Havan ...
, legendary American-Cuban pianist * José María Olazábal famous Spanish golfer, winner of two U.S. Masters titles and regular member of the European Ryder Cup team. * Unai Emery, winner of Europa League and the former manager of Arsenal, Paris Saint Germain, Sevilla FC, Valencia CF and Spartak Moscow. *
Íñigo Cervantes Íñigo Cervantes Huegun García (; born 30 November 1989 in Hondarribia, Gipuzkoa) is a Spanish professional tennis player. He defeated Dmitry Tursunov at the 2014 ATP 500 Barcelona, Federico Delbonis at the 2016 ATP 250 Sao Paulo, and Alexan ...
, professional tennis player *
Itziar Mendizabal Itziar Mendizabal (born 14 December 1981) is a Spanish ballet dancer who has performed as a First Soloist with The Royal Ballet since 2010. Mendizabal was born in Hondarribia, Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque Country, Spain. She star ...
, ballet dancer


Old paintings

File:Hodarribia1.jpg, Medieval map of Hondarribia. File:Hondarribia grabatua.jpeg, Above Hondarribia with its City Walls, and below French Hendaye town in 1640 File:Partie de pelote sous les remparts de Fontarabie.jpg, Basque Pelota's game under the Hondarribia's City Walls, by Gustave Colin in 1863 File:Fontarabie par Armand Dumaresq Dumaresq (1873).JPG, Hondarribia by Armand-Dumaresq in 1873 File:Fontarabie, embouchure de la Bidassoa (Guipuscoa) - Fonds Ancely - B315556101 A MALBOS 2 017.jpg,
Bidassoa __NOTOC__ The Bidasoa (, ; french: Bidassoa, ) is a river in the Basque Country of northern Spain and southern France that runs largely south to north. Named as such downstream of the village of Oronoz-Mugairi (municipality of Baztan) in the pro ...
confluence in Fontarrabie, in 1843 by Eugène de Malbos


References


External links


Official website
.
Hondarribia in the Bernardo Estornes Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa)

Tourism in Hondarribia, official website

Official website of the ''Pintxos'' contest, which takes place in Hondarribia


restoring the walls of Hondarribia {{authority control Municipalities in Gipuzkoa Fishing communities Populated coastal places in Spain