Gisburn (formerly Gisburne) is a village and civil parishes in England, civil parish within the Ribble Valley borough of Lancashire, England. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies northeast of Clitheroe and west of Skipton. The civil parish had a population of 506, recorded in the United Kingdom Census 2001, 2001 census, increasing to 521 at the 2011 Census. The civil parish adjoins the Ribble Valley parishes of Horton, Lancashire, Horton, Paythorne, Sawley, Lancashire, Sawley and Rimington and the Borough of Pendle, Pendle parish of Bracewell and Brogden.

Etymology

Gisburn is first named in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it takes the form ''Ghiseburne''. The name is next attested in the twelfth century, as ''Giselburn''. The name is thus thought to originate in the linguistic reconstruction, reconstructed Old English language, Old English word *''gysel'' ('gushing') and the common Old English word ''burna'' ('stream'). It is possible, however, that the first element was originally an Old English personal name *''Gysla''. Thus the name once meant either 'gushing stream' or 'Gysla's stream'. The former spelling of ''Gisburne'' was phased out after the introduction of railways in the parish. Gisburn railway station was closed under the Beeching Axe in 1962. ''Gisburne'' and similar spellings were also sometimes used for Guisborough, also in Yorkshire (now in North Yorkshire), leading to Gisburn often being referred to as "Gisburn in Craven in the Domesday Book, Craven".

Geography

Gisburn lies within a rural area, surrounded by hilly and relatively unpopulated areas, with Bowland Forest to the west, Pendle Hill to the south, and the Yorkshire Dales and Pennines not far to the north and east. The relatively flat River Ribble, Ribble valley runs through the parish with the A59 road, A59 running parallel.

History

The old Roman road from Bremetennacum, Ribchester to Ilkley Roman Fort, Ilkley passes to the south of the modern civil parish, with the remains of a 4th-century Romano-British culture, Romano-British farmstead known as Bomber Camp located just over the boundary with Bracewell and Brogden. The layout of this linear village, with properties facing the main street and tenement plots running down to a back lane, is common of many established in the tenth century. Gisburn was the centre of a large ancient parish, which also included the Township (England), townships of Gisburn Forest, Paythorne, Newsholme, Lancashire, Newsholme, Horton, Lancashire, Horton, Rimington, Middop, Nappa, North Yorkshire, Nappa and Swinden. In 1612 a village resident, Jennet Preston, was tried at the Pendle witch trials#York Assizes.2C 27 July 1612, Lancashire witch trials, accused of causing the death of Thomas Lister by witchcraft. Her trial took place in York as the village then lay within Yorkshire. Preston was found guilty and was hanged at York Knavesmire. Markets were held on Main Street until 1911, when the livestock market moved to its present site at the western end of the village next to the former railway station. The Pennine Bridleway National Trail and Ribble Way pass through the parish, with former crossing Gisburne Park and the latter following roads through the village.

Governance

Gisburn was Historic counties of England, historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, within the Deanery of Craven in the Domesday Book, Craven, and Wapentake of Staincliffe Wapentake, Staincliffe. All these townships became separate civil parishes in 1866, and all except two became part of Bowland Rural District when it was formed in 1894. Gisburn and the other parishes of Bowland Rural District were transferred from Yorkshire to Lancashire in 1974. Nappa and Swinden became part of Settle Rural District in 1894, and remained in Yorkshire in 1974 as part of the new county of North Yorkshire. The civil parish previously had a detached area on the western side of Sawley, with a larger part of that parish on the southern side of Gisburn. In 1938 these areas were joined with the respective parishes. Along with Rimington, Middop, Gisburn Forest, Paythorne, Newsholme and Horton, the parish forms the Gisburn, Rimington Wards of the United Kingdom, ward of Ribble Valley Borough Council. The ward had a population of 1287 in 2001, rising to 1405 in 2011. The ward elects a single councillor, who currently is Richard Sherras of the Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party.

Landmarks

Gisburne Park

To the north of the village, between it and the River Ribble is a 18th-century former Deer park (England), deer park and English country house, country house, today used as a private hospital, equestrian centre and the Ribblesdale Holiday Park. The present listed building, Grade I listed house, was originally constructed between 1727 and 1736 by Thomas Lister and has been since extended. The Lister family produced a number of Members of Parliament for Clitheroe (UK Parliament constituency), Clitheroe and later Baron Ribblesdale, Barons Ribblesdale, and had been previously based at Arnoldsbiggin (Westby Hall). Although the Manorialism, manorof Gisburne was first acquired by the Lister's in 1614, the family only moved to this site, then called Lower Hall, in 1706. In the mid-18th century, the park was roamed by wild white cattle and deer, and the Estate (land), estate continues outside it, with an unusual tree Plant nursery, nursery enclosure known as the ‘Great Nursery' situated on Coppy Hill to the west. The park is listed in Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England, Register of Historic Parks and Gardens and contains a number of notable buildings including the gate lodges at the principal entrance from the village which are listed Grade II*.

The Church of St Mary the Virgin

In the graveyard lies buried one of England's greatest writers of hymn tunes, Francis Duckworth (1862–1941). His most famous tune is "Rimington", to which several hymns including ''Jesu Shall Reign Where'er the Sun'' may be sung. The opening lines of the tune are inscribed on his gravestone. The church is a Grade II* listed building. The south porch has a wide outer entrance with moulded round arch and moulded imposts. The inner door, probably C13th, has a pointed arch with two orders of sunk quadrant moulding. The porch roof has two short king posts rising from collars. In May 2015 it was announced that a rare King James Version of the Bible, printed in 1611, had been found at the church.

Notable people

*Richard Wright (cricketer, born 1877), Richard Wright (1877–1942), cricketer and educator, was born in Gisburn

References

External links

Gisburn Village WebsiteGisburn Conservation Area Appraisal
{{authority control Villages in Lancashire Civil parishes in Lancashire Geography of Ribble Valley