''Clynotis'' is a
genus of
spiders in the family
Salticidae, or jumping spiders, contained within the subfamily
Marpissinae. They are found across
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and
New Zealand, with some species occupying the
Auckland Islands and one found exclusively on
Snares Island
The Snares Islands / Tini Heke, known colloquially as The Snares, is a group of uninhabited islands lying about 200 km south of New Zealand's South Island and to the south-southwest of Stewart Island / Rakiura. The Snares consist of the ma ...
. There are eight species currently described within the genus, the earliest noted being the
type species ''Clynotis severus'', first described in
Queensland,
New South Wales, Australia in 1879 by
Ludwig Carl Christian Koch. The most recent was described in 1931 by
Lucien Berland. Two other species previously held within the genus were subsequently reclassified into the genus ''
Tara''.
As with most salticidae spiders, members of this genus are known for their ability to jump with agility, and for their strong vision. They are identifiable from the distinct shape of the
cephalothorax
The cephalothorax, also called prosoma in some groups, is a tagma of various arthropods, comprising the head and the thorax fused together, as distinct from the abdomen behind. (The terms ''prosoma'' and ''opisthosoma'' are equivalent to ''cepha ...
and their eye patterns. Of their eight eyes, the front row of four feature a dramatically prominent anterior median pair, while the rear row of four eyes may be described as strongly bent, or as being rearranged into two rows, with two large posterior lateral eyes furthest back. These supply lateral vision, while the forward four are adapted to detailed, three-dimensional vision for purposes of estimating the range, direction, and nature of potential prey, permitting the spider to direct its attacking leaps with great precision.
Also in common with other salticidae, they use their
silk for safety lines while jumping. They construct silken "pup tents", where they shelter from bad weather and sleep at night. They molt within these shelters, build and store egg cases within them, and also spend the winter in them.
Species
it contains five species, found only in
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and
New Zealand:
*''
Clynotis archeyi
''Clynotis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae, or jumping spiders, contained within the subfamily Marpissinae. They are found across Australia and New Zealand, with some species occupying the Auckland Islands and one found exclusiv ...
''
( Berland, 1931) –
New Zealand (Auckland Is.)
*''
Clynotis barresi
''Clynotis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae, or jumping spiders, contained within the subfamily Marpissinae. They are found across Australia and New Zealand, with some species occupying the Auckland Islands and one found exclusiv ...
''
Hogg, 1909 – New Zealand
*''
Clynotis knoxi
''Clynotis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae, or jumping spiders, contained within the subfamily Marpissinae. They are found across Australia and New Zealand, with some species occupying the Auckland Islands and one found exclusiv ...
''
Forster, 1964 – New Zealand (Snares Is.)
*''
Clynotis saxatilis
''Clynotis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae, or jumping spiders, contained within the subfamily Marpissinae. They are found across Australia and New Zealand, with some species occupying the Auckland Islands and one found exclusiv ...
''
(Urquhart, 1886) – New Zealand
*''
Clynotis severus
''Clynotis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae, or jumping spiders, contained within the subfamily Marpissinae. They are found across Australia and New Zealand, with some species occupying the Auckland Islands and one found exclusiv ...
''
(L. Koch, 1879) (
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* Ty ...
) –
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
References
;Notes
;Sources
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1441440
Salticidae
Salticidae genera
Spiders of Australia
Spiders of New Zealand
