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Ağrı ( ku, Agirî; ) is the capital of Ağrı Province in eastern Turkey, near the border with Iran. Formerly known as Karaköse ( ku, Qerekose) from the early Turkish republican period until 1946, and before that as Karakilise ( ota, قره‌کلیسا, Karakilisa, lit=Black Church; ), the city is now named after Ağrı, the Turkish name of Mount Ararat''.''


History

In the Ottoman Empire era, the area was called Karakilisa (). The current town center was founded around 1860 by a group of Armenian merchants from Bitlis with the name Karakilise () that became known to the local population as Karakise, and this version was turned officially to Karaköse at the beginning of the Republican era. This name was changed to Ağrı by 1946. In the years of 1927 to 1931, the region was under the occupation of the Kurdish separatist movements, which gained to establish an unrecognized state named Republic of Ararat which was led by several Kurdish leaders, some of the Main were
Ibrahim Heski Ibrahim Heski or Ibrahim Pasha Haski TelloDana Adams Schmidt, ''Journey among brave men'', Little, Brown, 1964p. 57. ( ku, Biroyê Heskê Têlî;? - July 25, 1931, Siah Cheshmeh, Iran), was a Kurdish people, Kurdish soldier, politician and presiden ...
and
Ihsan Nuri Ihsan Nuri, also known as Ihsan Nuri Pasha ( ku, ÃŽhsan Nûrî PaÅŸa ,ئیحسان نووری پاشا), 1892 or 1893, Bitlis – 25 March 1976, Tehran) was a Kurdish soldier and politician, former officer of the Ottoman and Turkish Army, ...
. In the medieval period, the district's administrative centre was located at Alashkert, once an important town. The "kara kilise" that gave the town its name was a medieval Armenian church. In 1895
H. F. B. Lynch Henry Finnis Blosse Lynch, Master of Arts, MA, FRGS (18 April 1862 – 24 November 1913) was a British traveller, businessman, and Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Parliament of the United Kingdom, Member of Parliament. Biography Lynch was the only ...
stayed in Karakilise and wrote that it had between 1500 and 2000 inhabitants, was nearly two-thirds Armenian, and that a barracks for a locally recruited Kurdish Hamidiye regiment had been recently located in the town. The Armenian population of the town and surrounding valley was massacred during the Armenian Genocide: a New York Times report from March 1915 talks of the Alashkert valley being covered with the bodies of men, women, and children.


Economy and infrastructure

AÄŸrı contains most of the industry in AÄŸrı Province where the main economic activity is Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. There is AÄŸrı Meat and Milk Factory and the ELDESAN leather factory is one of the biggest in the region. There is also a Sugar Factory, Shoe Factory Flour Mills, Agricultural Equipment manufacturing sites, brick factory, lime factory, furniture factory, dairy factory and textile mills. In the south AÄŸrı counts with access to the AÄŸrı Ahmed-i Hani Airport in Yolluyazı. National and international flights arrive and depart from here. North of AÄŸrı, there is a longwave broadcasting station with 2 250 metres tall guyed masts, broadcasting on 162 kHz with 1000 kW. It is a very poor region with extremely cold winters. Most people live by grazing animals on the mountainside. Few people manage to attend university; people tend to marry in their teens and families with ten or more children are common. The local MP
Fatma Salman Kotan Fatma Salman Kotan (born 1970) is a Turkish accountant, politician and Member of Parliament for Ağrı representing Justice and Development Party. She is a graduate of economics from Atatürk University in Erzurum Erzurum (; ) is a city in ...
has written of the need to erode the patriarchal nature of society in the region.


Climate

Ağrı has a Mediterranean-influenced warm-summer humid continental climate (Dsb) under Köppen and a warm summer continental climate (Dcb) under
Trewartha Trewartha and Andrewartha are Cornish family names (and placename, Dexter). There are places called Trewartha in the parishes of Merther, St Agnes, St Neot and Veryan. According to the ''Handbook of Cornish Names'' by G. Pawley White, "Trew ...
classification. Summers are generally brief but warm with cool nights. The average high temperature in August is roughly . Winters are very cold. The average low January temperature is . It snows a lot in winter, staying for an average of four months in the city. The highest recorded temperature was on 10 August 1961. The lowest recorded temperature in AÄŸrı was on 20 January 1972. The highest recorded snow thickness was 225 cm ( 88.6 inches) on 21 February 1985.


Notable People

*
Şakiro Şakir Deniz also known as Şakiro (born in 1936 in Eleşkirt–1996, Izmir, Turkey), was a Kurdish Dengbêj singer. His songs were often recorded on cassettes and distributed illegally, when the Kurdish language faced limitations in cultural expr ...
(1936-1996), Legendary Kurdish Dengbêj singer *
Yaşar Ören Yaşar Ören (born 1942) is a Turkish cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 15 kilometre event at the 1968 Winter Olympics The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (french: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d' ...
(1942*), cross-country skier. *
Celal Adan Celal Adan (born 10 September 1951 in Ağrı) is a Turkish politician. He was elected in 2011 to the 24th Grand National Assembly of Turkey for the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). Adan had previously represented the True Path Party (DYP) in th ...
(1952*), Politician * Nizamettin Ariç (1956*), contemporary Kurdish singer, composer and director. * Abdullah Yilmaz (1961*), cross-country skier. *
Erhan Dursun Erhan Dursun (born 5 January 1962) is a Turkish cross-country skier. He competed at the 1984 Winter Olympics and the 1988 Winter Olympics The 1988 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XV Olympic Winter Games (french: XVes Jeux olympiques ...
(1962*), cross-country skier. *
Cesim Gökçe Cesim Gökçe (born 5 May 1968) is a Turkish politician from the Justice and Development Party (AK Party), who has served as a Member of Parliament for Ağrı since 1 November 2015. Born in Ağrı, Gökçe completed his primary, secondary, and ...
(1968*), Politician *
Fatma Salman Kotan Fatma Salman Kotan (born 1970) is a Turkish accountant, politician and Member of Parliament for Ağrı representing Justice and Development Party. She is a graduate of economics from Atatürk University in Erzurum Erzurum (; ) is a city in ...
(1970*), Member of Parliament for Ağrı * Savci Sayan (1971*), Politician and currently Mayor of Ağrı * Şahe bedo (1976*), Kurdish Singer *
Mehmet Emin İlhan Mehmet Emin İlhan is a Turkish politician from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), who served as a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Ağrı from 7 June to 1 November 2015. Early life and career İlhan graduated from primary a ...
(1979*), Politician *
Berdan Öztürk Berdan Öztürk is a Turkish politician from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), who has served as a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Ağrı since 7 June 2015. Early life and career Öztürk graduated from Marmara University ...
(1980*), Politician *
Dirayet TaÅŸdemir Dirayet TaÅŸdemir (born 1982) is a Turkish people, Turkish-Kurdish women, Kurdish politician from the Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey), Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), who has served as a Member of Parliament#Turkey, Member of Parliament for th ...
(1982*), Politician *
Türkan Erişmiş Türkan Erişmiş (born 5 January 1984 in Ağrı, Turkey), aka Türkan Bozkurt, Türkan Bozkurt Erişmiş or Türkan Özata-Erişmiş, is a Turkish female middle distance runner competing mostly in the 3000 m steeplechase and cross country run ...
(1984*), middle distance runner *
Adem Kılıçcı Adem Kılıççı (; born March 5, 1986) is a Turkish amateur boxer in the middleweight division. At , he weighs . He is currently a member of the Fenerbahçe Boxing Club in Istanbul. On 1 February 2017, the IOC disqualified Kılıççı from th ...
(1986*), amateur boxer in the middleweight division. * Nesim Turan (1992*), para table tennis player * Bayram Malkan (1994*), boxer in the light heavyweight *
Zeynep Çelik Zeynep Çelik (born 7 April 1996) is a Turkish world and European champion Paralympic judo, Paralympic judoka with visual impairment. Sport career Çelik is tall at . She is a member of Kocaeli BB Kağıt SK and is coached by Ahmet Ömre Tür ...
(1996*), Paralympic judoka. *
Kader Çelik Kader Çelik (born 1 January 2001) is a Turkish Paralympian goalball player having visual impairment. She is a member of the national team taking part at the 2020 Summer Paralympics. She won the silver medal at the 2017 European Goalball Champ ...
(2001*), Paralympian goalball player


References


External links


Ağrı
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agri Districts of Ağrı Province Kurdish settlements in Turkey