Edward Altman
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Edward I. Altman (born June 5, 1941) is a Professor of Finance, Emeritus, at
New York University New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then- Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin. In 1832, th ...
's
Stern School of Business The New York University Leonard N. Stern School of Business (commonly referred to as NYU Stern, The Stern School of Business, or simply Stern) is the business school of New York University, a private research university based in New York City. I ...
. He is best known for the development of the
Altman Z-score Example of an Excel spreadsheet that uses Altman Z-score to predict the probability that a firm will go into bankruptcy within two years ">bankruptcy.html" ;"title="probability that a firm will go into bankruptcy">probability that a firm will ...
for predicting
bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debto ...
which he published in 1968. Professor Altman is a leading academic on the High-Yield and Distressed Debt markets and is the pioneer in the building of models for credit risk management and bankruptcy prediction. Altman used to teach "Bankruptcy and Reorganization" and "Credit Risk Management" in the Risk Management Open Enrollment program for ''Stern'' Executive Education., as well as on the TRIUM Global Executive MBA Program, an alliance of
NYU Stern New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin. In 1832, the ...
, the
London School of Economics , mottoeng = To understand the causes of things , established = , type = Public research university , endowment = £240.8 million (2021) , budget = £391.1 milli ...
and
HEC School of Management HEC Paris (french: École des hautes études commerciales de Paris) is a business school, and one of the most prestigious and selective grandes écoles, located in Jouy-en-Josas, France. HEC offers Master in Management, MSc International Fin ...
, and for both the
Master of Science in Global Finance (MSGF) Master of Science in Global Finance (MSGF) program is a one-year executive-format master's degree program jointly offered by Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and NYU Stern School of Business since 2007. Students have access to resour ...
and Master of Science in Risk Management Program for Executives (MSRM). MSGF is jointly offered by NYU Stern and the
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) is a public research university in Clear Water Bay Peninsula, New Territories, Hong Kong. Founded in 1991 by the British Hong Kong Government, it was the territory's third institut ...
. He also teaches in the school's MBA programs and has been a Stern faculty member since 1967.


Research

The
Altman Z-score Example of an Excel spreadsheet that uses Altman Z-score to predict the probability that a firm will go into bankruptcy within two years ">bankruptcy.html" ;"title="probability that a firm will go into bankruptcy">probability that a firm will ...
is a
multivariate Multivariate may refer to: In mathematics * Multivariable calculus * Multivariate function * Multivariate polynomial In computing * Multivariate cryptography * Multivariate division algorithm * Multivariate interpolation * Multivariate optical c ...
formula for a measurement of the financial health of a company and a powerful diagnostic tool that forecasts the probability of a company entering
bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debto ...
. Studies measuring the effectiveness of the Z-Score have shown that the model has an 80%–90% reliability. Altman's equation did an excellent job at distinguishing bankrupt and non-bankrupt firms and is used by a large number of investment managers and hedge funds in their investment strategies and management. In addition, his Z-score model has been used by management of distressed companies to avoid having to file for bankruptcy reorganization. Altman's models have been used by banking institutions throughout the world in order to quantify the probability of default of their lending portfolios. He compared owning the debt vs. equity for major companies that went bankrupt. The debt did better. One columnist wrote that a particular case was a goldmine for the debt and a landmine for the stock. In the 1990s Altman and his PhD student Professor Edith Hotchkiss coined the term ''Chapter 22'', which refers to companies which file for bankruptcy more than once. In a 1990 study he also defined the term "distressed debt securities," pertaining to firms whose bonds yield more than 10% above the "risk-free" government bond rate.


Background

Altman holds a B.A. in Economics, (
CCNY The City College of the City University of New York (also known as the City College of New York, or simply City College or CCNY) is a public university within the City University of New York (CUNY) system in New York City. Founded in 1847, City ...
, 1963); an MBA (
UCLA The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California ...
, 1965); and a Ph.D. in
Finance Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is related to, but not synonymous with economics, the study of production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and services (the discipline of f ...
(UCLA, 1967

Altman was inducted into the Fixed Income Society's Hall of Fame in 2001 and was an inaugural inductee into the Turnaround Management's Hall of Fame http://turnaround.org in 2008. Altman has been awarded Honorary Doctorates from Lund University (Sweden) in 2011 and the Warsaw School of Economics in 2014. He also was named Honorary Professor by the University of Buenos Aires (Argentina) in 1996 and Vigo University (Spain) in 2017. He was named one of the "100 Most Influential People in Finance" by the Treasury & Risk Management magazine in 2005. He is also a co-founder of the International Risk Management Conference, which celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2017. He is the brother of Stuart Altman, a noted health care economist, and Ellen Altman-Stein an MBA in Special Education.


Books

Altman is the author, co-author, or editor of 25 books, including: * * * * * * *
Altman Z-score Example of an Excel spreadsheet that uses Altman Z-score to predict the probability that a firm will go into bankruptcy within two years ">bankruptcy.html" ;"title="probability that a firm will go into bankruptcy">probability that a firm will ...


References


External links


HomepageMaster of Science in Risk Management Program for Executives

International Risk Management ConferenceThe Risk Banking and Finance Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:Altman, Edward I. 1941 births Living people New York University Stern School of Business faculty Corporate finance theorists City College of New York alumni UCLA Anderson School of Management alumni