''Danio'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of small

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine conditions in many ways, especially the difference in levels o ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest ve ...

found in

South South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþa ...

and

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainland ...

, commonly kept in aquaria. They are generally characterised by a pattern of horizontal stripes, rows of spots or vertical bars. Some

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriat ...

have two pairs of long barbels. Species of this genus consume various small aquatic

insects Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of j ...

crustacean Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapoda, decapods, ostracoda, seed shrimp, branchiopoda, branchiopods, argulidae, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopoda, isopods, barnacles, copepods, ...

s and

worm Worms are many different distantly related bilateral animals that typically have a long cylindrical tube-like body, no limbs, and no eyes (though not always). Worms vary in size from microscopic to over in length for marine polychaete wor ...

Taxonomy

The name ''"danio"'' comes from the

Bangla Bangla (Bengali: বাংলা) may refer to: *Bengali language, an eastern Indo-Aryan language *The endonym of Bengal, a geographical and ethno-linguistic region in South Asia *''Bangla-'', a prefix indicating Bangladesh Businesses and organ ...

name ''dhani'', meaning "of the rice field". ''Danio'' was described in the early 19th century by Francis Hamilton. Two of the species included by him in the genus, still remain valid—''D. dangila'' and ''D. rerio''. About a century later (1916) and with many more species described in the meantime, the genus was split; the larger species into ''Danio'' and the smaller species into the genus ''Brachydanio''.Spence, R., Gerlach, G., Lawrence, C. & Smith, C. (2007)
The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish, ''Danio rerio''.
''Biological Reviews'', 83 (1): 13–34. In 1991, though, the two genera were recombined; most larger species formerly within the genus ''Danio'' have now been reclassified into the genus ''

Devario ''Devario'' is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae native to the rivers and streams of South and Southeast Asia. These fishes have short barbels and many species having vertical or horizontal stripes. These species consume various small ...

''. Also, ''Brachydanio'' is now a

junior synonym The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linn ...

of ''Danio''.Fang, F. (2003)
Phylogenetic Analysis of the Asian Cyprinid Genus ''Danio'' (Teleostei, Cyprinidae).
''Copeia'', 2003 (4): 714–728.

Species

There are currently 27 recognized species in this genus: * '' Danio absconditus'' S. O. Kullander &

Britz Britz () is a German locality (''Ortsteil'') within the Berlin borough (''Bezirk'') of Neukölln. History The village of ''Britzig'' was first mentioned in 1273. It was incorporated by the 1920 Greater Berlin Act. It is known for being the site ...

, 2015Kullander, S.O. & Britz, R. (2015)
Description of ''Danio absconditus'', new species, and redescription of ''Danio feegradei'' (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), from the Rakhine Yoma hotspot in south-western Myanmar.
''Zootaxa, 3948 (2): 233–247.'' (Black-barred danio) * ''

Danio aesculapii The panther danio (''Danio aesculapii'') is a species of danio endemic to Myanmar. Before its description it was referred to as Danio species TW03. The panther is a smallish danio which on first glance looks a little dull, but displays a varie ...

'' S. O. Kullander & F. Fang, 2009 (Panther danio) * '' Danio albolineatus'' ( Blyth, 1860) (Pearl danio) * ''

Danio annulosus ''Danio annulosus'' is a species of Chain danio fish in the family Cyprinidae in Danio genus. The species is named and described jointly by Sven O Kullander, M.D Mizanur Rahman, Michael Noren and Abdur Rob Mollah in 2015 in association with the D ...

'' S. O. Kullander,

Rahman Rahman (Arabic: or ) may refer to: *Rahman, one of the names of God in Islam *Ar-Rahman, the 55th sura of the Qur'an People *Rahman (name), an Arabic male personal name **Short form of Abd al-Rahman * Rahman (actor) (born 1967), Indian actor * ...

, Norén & Mollah, 2015Kullander, S.O., Rahman, M.M., Norén, M. & Mollah, A.R. (2015)
''Danio annulosus'', a new species of chain ''Danio'' from the Shuvolong Falls in Bangladesh (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae).
''Zootaxa, 3994 (1): 53–68.'' * ''

Danio assamila ''Danio assamila'' is a species of ''Danio'' found in the Brahmaputra River drainage in India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most pop ...

'' S. O. Kullander, 2015Kullander, S.O. (2015)
Taxonomy of chain ''Danio'', an Indo-Myanmar species assemblage, with descriptions of four new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).
''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 25 (4): 357–380.'' * ''

Danio catenatus ''Danio catenatus'' is a species of ''Danio'' found in the Thandwe Chaung River drainage in Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British Engli ...

'' S. O. Kullander, 2015 * ''

Danio choprae The glowlight danio (''Danio choprae'') is a small, schooling fish closely related to the popular zebrafish ''Danio rerio''. This should not be confused with the GloFishbr> a trademarked brand of fluorescent zebrafish that appear to glow in the ...

'' Hora, 1928 (Glowlight danio) * '' Danio concatenatus'' S. O. Kullander, 2015 * ''

Danio dangila Danio dangila, the moustached danio, is a freshwater fish, and is the largest of the true ''Danio'' species at up to (6 in) long. Its name is from its particularly long barbels. It is sometimes kept in aquariums, where its relatively passiv ...

'' ( F. Hamilton, 1822) (Moustached danio) * ''

Danio erythromicron ''Danio erythromicron'', often known as emerald dwarf danio and emerald dwarf rasbora, is a species of cyprinid fish which is endemic to Inle Lake in Myanmar. Taxonomy and systematics In 1999, it was suggested that the species be transferred to t ...

'' ( Annandale, 1918) (Emerald dwarf rasbora) * '' Danio feegradei'' Hora, 1937 (Yoma danio) * '' Danio flagrans'' S. O. Kullander, 2012Kullander, S.O. (2012)
Description of ''Danio flagrans'', and redescription of ''D. choprae'', two closely related species from the Ayeyarwaddy River drainage in northern Myanmar (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).
''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (3): 245–262.'' * '' Danio htamanthinus'' S. O. Kullander & Norén, 2016Kullander, S.O. & Norén, M. (2016)
''Danio htamanthinus'' (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of miniature cyprinid fish from the Chindwin River in Myanmar.
''Zootaxa, 4178 (4): 535-546.'' * '' Danio jaintianensis'' ( N. Sen, 2007) * ''

Danio kerri The blue danio, Kerr's danio or turquoise danio (''Danio kerri''), is a tropical fish belonging to the genus ''Danio'' in family Cyprinidae. Distribution and habitat The blue danio is found on the islands of Langkawi and Ko Yao Yai in Malaysi ...

'' H. M. Smith, 1931 (Blue danio) * ''

Danio kyathit ''Danio kyathit'' is a small, schooling species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the upper reaches of Irrawaddy River near Myitkyina in northern Myanmar. Described in 1998, it is closely related to the better-known zebrafish ...

'' F. Fang, 1998 * ''

Danio margaritatus ''Danio margaritatus'', the celestial pearl danio, often referred to in the aquarium trade as galaxy rasbora or ''Microrasbora'' sp. 'Galaxy',Clarke (2007b) is a small cyprinid from Myanmar. It has so far been found only in a very small area near ...

'' ( T. R. Roberts, 2007) (Galaxy rasbora or celestial pearl danio) * '' Danio meghalayensis'' N. Sen & S. C. Dey, 1985 (Meghalaya danio) * '' Danio muongthanhensis'' Nguyen, 2001 * '' Danio nigrofasciatus'' ( F. Day, 1870) (Spotted danio or dwarf danio) * '' Danio quagga'' S. O. Kullander, T. Y. Liao & F. Fang, 2009 * '' Danio quangbinhensis'' Nguyen, Le & Nguyen, 1999 * ''

Danio rerio The zebrafish (''Danio rerio'') is a freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae) of the order Cypriniformes. Native to South Asia, it is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio (and thus often ca ...

'' ( F. Hamilton, 1822) (Zebra danio or zebrafish) * '' Danio roseus'' F. Fang &

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandCo ...

, 2000 (Rose danio) * '' Danio sysphigmatus'' S. O. Kullander, 2015 * '' Danio tinwini'' S. O. Kullander & F. Fang, 2009 (Gold-ring danio) * '' Danio trangi'' Ngo, 2003

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q901804 Fish of Southeast Asia Fish of South Asia Taxa named by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton