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Cremona (, also ; ; lmo, label= Cremunés, Cremùna; egl, Carmona) is a city and '' comune'' in northern Italy, situated in
Lombardy Lombardy ( it, Lombardia, Lombard language, Lombard: ''Lombardia'' or ''Lumbardia' '') is an administrative regions of Italy, region of Italy that covers ; it is located in the northern-central part of the country and has a population of about 10 ...
, on the left bank of the
Po river The Po ( , ; la, Padus or ; Ligurian language (ancient), Ancient Ligurian: or ) is the longest river in Italy. It flows eastward across northern Italy starting from the Cottian Alps. The river's length is either or , if the Maira (river), Mair ...
in the middle of the ''Pianura Padana'' (
Po Valley The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain ( it, Pianura Padana , or ''Val Padana'') is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy. It extends approximately in an east-west direction, with an area of including its Venetic ex ...
). It is the capital of the
province of Cremona The Province of Cremona ( it, provincia di Cremona; Cremunés: ; Cremasco: ; Casalasco-Viadanese: ) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital city is Cremona. The province occupies the central section of Padana Plain, so the ...
and the seat of the local city and province governments. The city of Cremona is especially noted for its musical history and traditions, including some of the earliest and most renowned
luthier A luthier ( ; AmE also ) is a craftsperson who builds or repairs string instruments that have a neck and a sound box. The word "luthier" is originally French and comes from the French word for lute. The term was originally used for makers o ...
s, such as
Giuseppe Guarneri Bartolomeo Giuseppe "del Gesù" Guarneri (, , ; 21 August 1698 – 17 October 1744) was an Italian luthier from the Guarneri family of Cremona. He rivals Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) with regard to the respect and reverence accorded his inst ...
, Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, Vincenzo Rugeri, and several members of the Amati family.


History


Ancient


Celtic origin

Cremona is first mentioned in history as a settlement of the
Cenomani The Gaulish name Cenomani can refer to: * Aulerci Cenomani, an ancient Gallic tribe dwelling around modern Le Mans * Cenomani (Cisalpine Gaul) The Cenomani (Greek: , Strabo, Ptol.; , Polyb.), was an ancient tribe of the Cisalpine Gauls, who ...
, a Gallic (
Celt The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancient ...
ic) tribe that arrived in the Po valley around 400 BC. However, the name Cremona most likely dates back to earlier settlers and puzzled the ancients, who gave many fanciful interpretations.


Roman military outpost

In 218 BC the Romans established on that spot their first military outpost (a colonia) north of the Po river, and kept the old name. Cremona and nearby Placentia (modern Piacenza, on the south bank of the Po), were founded in the same year, as bases for penetration into what became the Roman Province of '' Gallia Cisalpina'' (
Cisalpine Gaul Cisalpine Gaul ( la, Gallia Cisalpina, also called ''Gallia Citerior'' or ''Gallia Togata'') was the part of Italy inhabited by Celts (Gauls) during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. After its conquest by the Roman Republic in the 200s BC it was con ...
). Cremona quickly grew into one of the largest towns in northern Italy, as it was on the main road connecting Genoa to
Aquileia Aquileia / / / / ;Bilingual name of ''Aquileja – Oglej'' in: vec, Aquiłeja / ; Slovenian: ''Oglej''), group=pron is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about from the sea, on the river N ...
, the Via Postumia. It supplied troops to
Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and ...
and benefited from his rule, but later supported
Marcus Iunius Brutus Marcus Junius Brutus (; ; 85 BC – 23 October 42 BC), often referred to simply as Brutus, was a Roman politician, orator, and the most famous of the assassins of Julius Caesar. After being adopted by a relative, he used the name Quintus Serv ...
and the
Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
in their conflict with Augustus, who, having won, in 40 BC confiscated Cremona's land and redistributed it to his men. The famous poet Virgil, who went to school in Cremona, had to forfeit his ancestral farm ("too close to wretched Cremona"), but later regained it.


=Destruction

= The city's prosperity continued to increase until 69 AD, when it was sacked and destroyed in the Second Battle of Bedriacum by the troops of Vespasian under command of Marcus Antonius Primus, fighting to install him as Emperor against his rival Vitellius. The sacking was described by Tacitus in Histories. Cremona was rebuilt with the help of the new emperor Vespasian, but it seems to have failed to regain its former prosperity as it disappeared from history.


Re-emergence

In the 6th century, it resurfaced as a military outpost of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire during the
Gothic War Gothic War may refer to: *Gothic War (248–253), battles and plundering carried out by the Goths and their allies in the Roman Empire. *Gothic War (367–369), a war of Thervingi against the Eastern Roman Empire in which the Goths retreated to Mont ...
.


Early Middle Ages

When the Lombards invaded much of Italy in the second half of the 6th century AD, Cremona remained a Byzantine stronghold as part of the Exarchate of Ravenna. The city expanded towards the north-west, with the creation of a great trenched camp outside the walls.


Lombard Possession

In 603 AD, Cremona was conquered by the Lombard King Agilulf and again destroyed. Its territory was divided between the two duchies of Brescia and
Bergamo Bergamo (; lmo, Bèrghem ; from the proto- Germanic elements *''berg +*heim'', the "mountain home") is a city in the alpine Lombardy region of northern Italy, approximately northeast of Milan, and about from Switzerland, the alpine lakes Como ...
. However, in 615 AD, Queen Theodelinda, a devout Roman Catholic intent on converting her people, had Cremona rebuilt and re-installed a bishop there.


Holy Roman Vassal

Control of the city fell increasingly to its bishop, who became a Holy Roman Empire vassal after Charlemagne's conquest of Italy. In this way, Cremona increased its power and its prosperity steadily and some of its bishops had important roles between the 10th and 11th centuries. Bishop Liutprand of Cremona was a member of the Imperial court under the Saxony dynasty and Olderic gained strong privileges for his city from emperor
Otto III Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his death in 1002. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto III was the only son of the Emperor Otto II and his wife Theophanu. Otto III was crowned as King of ...
. Its economy was boosted by the creation of a river port out of the former Byzantine fortress. However, the two bishops Lambert and Ubaldo created discord with the city's people. Emperor
Conrad II Conrad II ( – 4 June 1039), also known as and , was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1027 until his death in 1039. The first of a succession of four Salian emperors, who reigned for one century until 1125, Conrad ruled the kingdoms ...
settled the quarrel by entering Cremona in 1037 together with the young Pope Benedict IX.


Medieval Commune

Under Henry IV, Cremona refused to pay the oppressive taxes requested by the Empire and the bishop. According to a legend, the great ''gonfaloniere'' (mayor)
Giovanni Baldesio of Cremona Giovanni may refer to: * Giovanni (name), an Italian male given name and surname * Giovanni (meteorology), a Web interface for users to analyze NASA's gridded data * ''Don Giovanni'', a 1787 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on the legend of ...
faced the emperor himself in a duel. As Henry was knocked from his horse, the city was saved the annual payment of the golden ball, which, for that year, was instead given to Berta, Giovanni's girlfriend, as her dowry.


Anti-Empire

The first historical news about a free Cremona is from 1093, as it entered into an anti-Empire alliance led by Mathilde of Canossa, together with Lodi, Milan and Piacenza. The conflict ended with the defeat of Henry IV and his famous
humiliation of Canossa The Humiliation of Canossa ( it, L'umiliazione di Canossa), sometimes called the Walk to Canossa (german: Gang nach Canossa/''Kanossa'') or the Road to Canossa, was the ritual submission of the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry IV to Pope Gregory VII ...
to
Pope Urban II Pope Urban II ( la, Urbanus II;  – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death. He is best known for convening th ...
in 1098. Cremona gained the ''Insula Fulcheria'', the area around the nearby city of Crema, as its territory. After that time, the new commune warred against nearby cities to enlarge its territory. In 1107 Cremona conquered
Tortona Tortona (; pms, Torton-a , ; lat, Dhertona) is a ''comune'' of Piemonte, in the Province of Alessandria, Italy. Tortona is sited on the right bank of the Scrivia between the plain of Marengo and the foothills of the Ligurian Apennines. History ...
, but four years later its army was defeated near Bressanoro. As in many northern Italian cities, the people were divided into two opposing parties, the Guelphs, who were stronger in the ''new city'', and the
Ghibellines The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalr ...
, who had their base in the ''old city''. The parties were so irreconcilable that the former built a second Communal Palace, the still existing
Palazzo Cittanova A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence, or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome which ...
("new city's palace").


Pro-Empire

When
Frederick Barbarossa Frederick Barbarossa (December 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I (german: link=no, Friedrich I, it, Federico I), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later. He was elected King of Germany in Frankfurt on ...
descended into Italy to assert his authority, Cremona sided with him in order to gain his support against Crema, which had rebelled with the help of Milan. The subsequent victory and its loyal imperial stance earned Cremona the right to create a mint for its own coinage in 1154. In 1162, Imperial and Cremonese forces assaulted Milan and destroyed it.


Lombard League

However, in 1167 the city changed sides and joined the Lombard League. Its troops were part of the army that, on 29 May 1176, defeated Barbarossa in the
Battle of Legnano The Battle of Legnano was a battle between the imperial army of Frederick Barbarossa and the troops of the Lombard League on May 29, 1176, near the town of Legnano in present-day Lombardy, in Italy. Although the presence of the enemy nearby wa ...
. However, the Lombard League did not survive this victory for long. In 1213, at Castelleone, the Cremonese defeated the League of Milan, Lodi, Crema, Novara, Como and Brescia. In 1232, Cremona allied itself with Emperor Frederick II, who was again trying to reassert the Empire's authority over Northern Italy. In the Battle of Cortenuova, the Cremonese were on the winning side. Thereafter Frederick often held his court in the city. In the
Battle of Parma The Battle of Parma was fought on 18 February 1248 between the forces of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and the Lombard League. The Guelphs attacked the Imperial camp when Frederick II was away. The Imperial forces were defeated''The New Cam ...
, however, the Ghibellines suffered a heavy defeat and up to two thousand Cremonese were made prisoners. Some years later, Cremona took its vengeance by defeating Parma's army. Its army, under the command of
Umberto Pallavicino Umberto is a masculine Italian given name. It is the Italian form of Humbert. People with the name include: * King Umberto I of Italy (1844–1900) * King Umberto II of Italy (1904–1983) * Prince Umberto, Count of Salemi (1889–1918) * Umberto I ...
, captured Parma's
carroccio A carroccio (; ) was a large four-wheeled wagon bearing the city signs around which the militia of the medieval communes gathered and fought. It was particularly common among the Lombard, Tuscan and, more generally, northern Italian municipali ...
and for centuries kept the enemy's trousers hanging from the Cathedral's ceiling as a sign of the rival's humiliation. In 1301 the troubadour Luchetto Gattilusio was podestà of Cremona. During this period Cremona flourished and reached a population of up to 80,000, larger than the 69,000 of 2001.


Seignory Lords

In 1266, Pallavicino was expelled from Cremona, and the Ghibelline rule ended after his successor Buoso da Dovara relinquished control to a consortium of citizens. In 1271 the position of ''Capitano del Popolo'' ("People's Chieftain") was created. In 1276 the Signoria passed to marquis Cavalcabò Cavalcabò; in 1305 he was succeeded by his son Guglielmo Cavalcabò, who held power until 1310. During this period many edifices were created or restored including the belfry of the
Torrazzo Torrazzo is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about northeast of Turin and about southwest of Biella. Torrazzo borders the following municipalities: Bollengo, Burolo, Chiaverano, Ma ...
, the Romanesque church of San Francis, the cathedral's transepts and the Loggia dei Militi. Moreover, agriculture was boosted with a new network of canals. After some foreign invasions (notably that of Emperor Henry VII in 1311), the Cavalcabò lasted until 29 November 1322, when a more powerful family, the
Visconti Visconti is a surname which may refer to: Italian noble families * Visconti of Milan, ruled Milan from 1277 to 1447 ** Visconti di Modrone, collateral branch of the Visconti of Milan * Visconti of Pisa and Sardinia, ruled Gallura in Sardinia from ...
of Galeazzo I, came to prominence that in Cremona was to last for a century and a half. The Visconti's signoria (lordship) was interrupted in 1327 by Ludwig the Bavarian, in 1331 by
John of Bohemia John the Blind or John of Luxembourg ( lb, Jang de Blannen; german: link=no, Johann der Blinde; cz, Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346), was the Count of Luxembourg from 1313 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of ...
, and in 1403 by a short-lived return of the Cavalcabò. On 25 July 1406, captain Cabrino Fondulo killed his employer Ubaldo Cavalcabò along with all the male members of his family, and assumed control over Cremona. However, he was unable to face the task, and ceded the city back to the Visconti for a payment of 40,000 golden florins. Thus
Filippo Maria Visconti Filippo Maria Visconti (3 September 1392 – 13 August 1447)
made his signoria hereditary. Cremona became part of the
Duchy of Milan The Duchy of Milan ( it, Ducato di Milano; lmo, Ducaa de Milan) was a state in northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city sin ...
, following its fate until the unification of Italy. Under the Visconti and later the Sforza, Cremona underwent high cultural and religious development. In 1411 Palazzo Cittanova become the seat of the university of fustian merchants. In 1441 the city hosted the marriage of
Francesco I Sforza Francesco I Sforza (; 23 July 1401 – 8 March 1466) was an Italian condottiero who founded the Sforza dynasty in the duchy of Milan, ruling as its (fourth) duke from 1450 until his death. In the 1420s, he participated in the War of L' ...
and Bianca Maria Visconti in the temple built by the Benedictines, which today is the church of Saint Sigismund. For that occasion a new sweet was devised, which evolved into the famous torrone. Ludovico il Moro assisted in the financing of several building projects for the cathedral, the church of St. Agatha and the Communal Palace. In 1446, Cremona was encircled by the condottieri troops of
Francesco Piccinino 260px, Latin epitaph of Francesco Piccinino. Francesco Piccinino (c. 1407 – 16 October 1449) was an Italian condottiero. He was the adopted son of the condottiero Niccolò Piccinino, (1386-1444), making him the adopted brother of Jacopo P ...
and
Luigi dal Verme Luigi dal Verme (died 1449) was an Italian condottiero. The son of the condottiero Jacopo dal Verme, initially he followed the latter's campaigns, then fought in the company of Muzio Attendolo in the war against Joan II of Naples. Later he was h ...
. The siege was raised after the arrival of
Scaramuccia da Forlì Scaramuccia da Forlì (died 1450) was an Italian condottiero active in the first half of the 15th century. In Italian his name means "skirmish". He was a native of Forlì, Romagna. First reference to Scaramuccia was in 1433 as ''connestabile'' (c ...
from
Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400  ...
.


Foreign occupations


Republic of Venice

From 1499 to 1509 Cremona was under Venetian control. The victory of the Italian League at
Agnadello Agnadello ( Cremasco: or ) is a ''comune'' and village in the province of Cremona, Lombardy, northern Italy. It was the location of the battle of Agnadello in which Louis XII of France Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of Fra ...
gave it back to the Duchy of Milan.


Spain

However, Cremona was assigned to Spain under the
Treaty of Noyon A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal pers ...
(1513). Cremona fell to the new rulers only in 1524 when the Castle of Santa Croce surrendered. The French were finally expelled from the duchy two years later, with the Treaty of Madrid, and subsequently Cremona remained a Spanish dominion for many years. During that time several building improvements or additions were made, including the Loggia of the cathedral's Porch by
Lorenzo Trotti Lorenzo Trotti (1633 – 30 September 1700) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop (Personal Title) of Pavia (1672–1700), Apostolic Nuncio to Venice (1668–1671), Apostolic Nuncio to Florence (1666–1668), and Titular Archbisho ...
(1550) and the new church of San Siro and Sepolcro by Antonio Gialdini (1614). During Spanish rule, Cremona saw the famine of 1628 and the Italian plague of 1629–31, plague of 1630.


Austria

The duchy, after a short-lived French conquest in 1701 during the War of the Spanish Succession, passed to Austria on 10 April 1707. ''For later history, see
Lombardy Lombardy ( it, Lombardia, Lombard language, Lombard: ''Lombardia'' or ''Lumbardia' '') is an administrative regions of Italy, region of Italy that covers ; it is located in the northern-central part of the country and has a population of about 10 ...
''


Government


Architecture


Churches

The Cathedral of Cremona with the annexed Battistero di Cremona, Baptistery constitutes one of the most notable sites for Romanesque-Gothic art in northern Italy. Other churches include: * Sant'Agata, Cremona, Sant'Agata * Sant'Agostino, Cremona, Sant'Agostino * San Facio, Cremona, San Facio * San Girolamo, Cremona, San Girolamo * San Luca di Cremona, San Luca * Santa Lucia, Cremona, Santa Lucia * San Marcellino, Cremona, San Marcellino * San Michele di Cremona, San Michele * San Pietro al Po * Santa Rita, Cremona, Santa Rita * San Sigismondo di Cremona, San Sigismondo


Buildings

* The
Torrazzo Torrazzo is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about northeast of Turin and about southwest of Biella. Torrazzo borders the following municipalities: Bollengo, Burolo, Chiaverano, Ma ...
, the third highest brickwork bell tower in Europe * Loggia dei Militi *
Palazzo Cittanova A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence, or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome which ...
* Palazzo Fodri * Palazzo Comunale di Cremona, Palazzo Comunale * Teatro Ponchielli * Museo Berenziano *Museo della Civiltà Contadina *Museo Civico Ala Ponzone * Museo del violino


Economy

The economy of Cremona is deeply linked to the agricultural production of the countryside. Food industries include salted meat, sweets ( torrone), vegetable oils, grana padano, provolone and "mostarda" (candied fruit in spicy mustard-flavored syrup, served with meats and cheese). Heavy industries include steel, oil and one electric plant. The river-port is a base for the barges transporting goods along the Po river.


Music

Cremona has a distinguished musical history. The 12th-century cathedral was a focus of organized musical activity in the region in the late Middle Ages. By the 16th century the town had become a famous musical centre. Nowadays there are important ''ensembles'' for Renaissance and Baroque music, i.e
Choir & Consort ''Costanzo Porta''
and festivals which maintain Cremona as one of the most important towns in Italy for music. Composer Marc'Antonio Ingegneri taught there; Claudio Monteverdi was his most famous student, before leaving for Mantua in 1591. Cremona was the birthplace of Pierre-Francisque Caroubel, a collaborator with noted German composer Michael Praetorius. The bishop of Cremona, Nicolò Sfondrati, a fervent supporter of the Counter-Reformation, became Pope Gregory XIV in 1590. Since he was an equally fervent patron of music, the renown of the town as a musical destination grew accordingly. Beginning in the 16th century, Cremona became renowned as a centre of musical instrument manufacture, with the violins of the Amati and Rugeri families, and later the products of the Guarneri and Antonio Stradivari, Stradivari workshops. To the present day, their handmade work is widely considered to be the summit of achievement in string instrument making. Cremona is still renowned for producing high-quality instruments, rare examples of which can be seen when visiting the local Museo del Violino. In 2012 the "''Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremona''" was declared an UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists, intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO. Internationally, the city's craftsmen are renowned for the unique process used in crafting bowed stringed instruments which are assembled and moulded by hand without using any industrial materials. Cremona had a band tradition linked to the ''Guardia nazionale'' founded under Napoleonic influence. In 1864, native son Amilcare Ponchielli became its leader and created what might be considered one of the greatest bands of all time. In his role as ''capobanda'', Ponchielli founded a band school and a tradition that waned only at the onset of World War I.


Transport

Cremona railway station, opened in 1863, is a terminus of six railway lines, all of which are regional (semi-fast) or local services. Main destinations are Pavia railway station, Pavia, Mantua railway station, Mantua, Milano Centrale railway station, Milan, Treviglio railway station, Treviglio, Parma railway station, Parma, Brescia railway station, Brescia, Piacenza railway station, Piacenza and Fidenza railway station, Fidenza.


Sport

Cremona's favourite sport is football (soccer), football. The U.S. Cremonese played for several years in Serie A, its most renowned players being Aristide Guarneri, Emiliano Mondonico, Antonio Cabrini and Gianluca Vialli — all born in or near Cremona. The brightest page in the more than one-century-old history of Cremonese was written in the early 1990s, when the president of the team was Domenico Luzzara and the coach was Luigi Simoni, Gigi Simoni; the team managed to stay in Serie A for three consecutive years, ending one championship at tenth place. By defeating English team Derby County F.C., Derby County in the Final to win the Anglo-Italian Cup (27 March 1993), Cremonese became the second Italian team in football history to win at Wembley Stadium (1923), Wembley. Cremona, by the 1980s, had built a strong basketball tradition, now brought on by Gruppo Triboldi Basket, Vanoli Basket, a team from Soresina which however usually plays in Cremona. Cremona has also a waterpolo club that play in the regional divisions. There is a century-old tradition in Rowing (sport), rowing and canoe racing, with three different clubs, located along the Po river, that trained many world and Olympic champions.


Twin towns — sister cities

Cremona is Twin towns and sister cities, twinned with: * Alaquàs, Spain, since 2004 * Krasnoyarsk, Russia, since 2006 * Füssen, Germany, since 2018


People

Notable people born in or associated with Cremona include: * Andrea Amati,
luthier A luthier ( ; AmE also ) is a craftsperson who builds or repairs string instruments that have a neck and a sound box. The word "luthier" is originally French and comes from the French word for lute. The term was originally used for makers o ...
* Nicolò Amati, luthier *Sofonisba Anguissola, painter of the Renaissance * Gaspare Aselli, physician * Francesco Aureri, sculptor * Eugenio Beltrami, mathematician * Francesco Bianchi (composer), Francesco Bianchi, composer * Leonida Bissolati, leading exponent of the Italian Socialism, socialist movement at the turn of the nineteenth century * Antonio Cabrini, footballer and manager * Bernardino Campi, painter * Giulio Campi, painter * Massimo Capra, Italian-born Canadian celebrity chef * Giulio Calvi, Renaissance painter * Luca Cattapani, late Renaissance painter * Sergio Cofferati, member of European Parliament and former mayor of Bologna * Walter Corsanini, football player * Gerard of Cremona, translator of scientific books from Arabic into Latin * Dattaro family, Francesco and Giuseppe Dattaro, father and son team of architects * Sandrone Dazieri, crime writer * Roberto Farinacci, fascist politician *Giacomo Gentili, world rowing champion * Arcangelo Ghisleri, geographer, writer, and politician * Luigi Guido Grandi, monk, priest, philosopher, theologian, mathematician, and engineer *
Giuseppe Guarneri Bartolomeo Giuseppe "del Gesù" Guarneri (, , ; 21 August 1698 – 17 October 1744) was an Italian luthier from the Guarneri family of Cremona. He rivals Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) with regard to the respect and reverence accorded his inst ...
, luthier * Manolo Guindani, retired footballer and manager * Saint Homobonus, patron saint of Cremona, as well as business people, tailors, shoemakers, and clothworkers * Liutprand of Cremona, bishop of Cremona, historian, and author * Giovanni Lucchi, bowmaker * Filippo de Lurano, early 16th-century composer * Alessandro Magnoli Bocchi, Italian economist * Franco Mari, actor * Primo Mazzolari, priest and writer * Altobello Melone, painter * Tarquinio Merula, composer of the Baroque era * Mina (Italian singer), Mina, singer (nicknamed the ''Tiger of Cremona'') * Claudio Monteverdi, composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras * Benedetto Pallavicino, composer of the Renaissance * Oreste Perri, sprint canoeist in the 1970s and mayor of Cremona from June 2009 to June 2014 * Amilcare Ponchielli, composer * Costanzo Porta, composer of the Renaissance * Girolamo del Prato, sculptor and craftsman * Aldo Protti, opera singer * Quartetto di Cremona, Italian string quartet * Publius Quinctilius Varus, Roman general and politician * Francesco Rugeri, luthier * Vincenzo Rugeri, luthier * Sicard of Cremona, prelate, historian and writer * Antonio Stradivari, renowned luthier * Ugo Tognazzi, actor, director, and screenwriter * Juanelo Turriano, clockmaker, engineer, and mathematician * Pietro Dalle Vedove, football player * Gianluca Vialli, footballer and manager * Marco Girolamo Vida, bishop * Chiara Ferragni, influencerChiara Ferragni


References


Bibliography


External links


City's portal
* http://www.cremonamusica.com/ {{Authority control Cremona, 218 BC 210s BC establishments Roman towns and cities in Italy Cities and towns in Lombardy Territories of the Republic of Venice