Classification of the Cactaceae
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In 1984, the
International Organization for Succulent Plant Study The International Organization for Succulent Plant Study (IOS) describes itself as a "non-governmental organization promoting the study and conservation of succulent and allied plants and encouraging collaboration among scientists and curators ...
set up a working party, now called the International Cactaceae Systematics Group, to produce a consensus classification of the
cactus A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Gree ...
family, down to the level of
genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
. Their classification has been used as the basis for systems published since the mid-1990s. Treatments in the 21st century have generally divided the family into around 125–130 genera and 1,400–1,500 species, which are then arranged in a number of
tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...
s and subfamilies. However, subsequent molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that a very high proportion of the higher taxa (genera, tribes and subfamilies) are not
monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gr ...
, i.e. they do not contain all of the descendants of a common ancestor. , the internal classification of the
family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Cactaceae A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Gre ...
remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the insights from the molecular studies was produced by Nyffeler and Eggli in 2010.


Overview

The classification of the family Cactaceae remains uncertain . Since the mid-1990s, the system produced by the International Cactaceae Systematics Group (ICSG) of the
International Organization for Succulent Plant Study The International Organization for Succulent Plant Study (IOS) describes itself as a "non-governmental organization promoting the study and conservation of succulent and allied plants and encouraging collaboration among scientists and curators ...
has been used as the basis of many published classifications. Detailed treatments produced in the 21st century have divided the family into around 125–130 genera and 1,400–1,500 species, which are then arranged into a number of tribes and subfamilies. The ICSG classification of the family recognizes four subfamilies:
Pereskioideae A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Gree ...
(consisting only of the genus ''
Pereskia ''Pereskia'' is a small genus of about four species of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and non-succulent stems. The genus is named after Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, a 16th-century French bota ...
''), Opuntioideae, Maihuenioideae (consisting only of the genus ''
Maihuenia ''Maihuenia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) and the sole genus of the subfamily Maihuenioideae, which is the smallest subfamily of the Cactaceae. The genus comprises two cushion-forming, mucilaginous species. They are found at high elev ...
'') and Cactoideae. Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that ''
Pereskia ''Pereskia'' is a small genus of about four species of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and non-succulent stems. The genus is named after Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, a 16th-century French bota ...
'' is not
monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gr ...
(i.e. its species are not the complete set of descendants of a common ancestor), so that
Pereskioideae A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Gree ...
is not monophyletic although the three other subfamilies are. The Bayesian consensus
cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to ...
from a 2005 study is shown below: Five tribes have been recognized within the subfamily Opuntioideae: Tephrocacteae, Pterocacteae, Austrocylindropuntieae, Cylindropuntieae and Opuntieae. All but the first, Tephrocacteae, were shown to be "essentially monophyletic" in molecular phylogenetic study in 2009. A summary of the consensus Bayesian tree is shown below (tribes are bold; the number of species in the study is shown in parentheses). Many of the genera within the Opuntioideae are not monophyletic. ''
Maihueniopsis ''Maihueniopsis'' (from Greek ''opsis'', "view", referring to its resemblance to the unrelated ''Maihuenia'') is a genus of the cactus family (Cactaceae), containing 18 species. The former genus ''Puna'' R.Kiesling is now synonym to ''Maihue ...
'' is highly polyphyletic, appearing in four separate lineages. The two largest genera within the subfamily, ''
Opuntia ''Opuntia'', commonly called prickly pear or pear cactus, is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae. Prickly pears are also known as ''tuna'' (fruit), ''sabra'', '' nopal'' (paddle, plural ''nopales'') from the Nahuatl word ...
'' and ''
Cylindropuntia ''Cylindropuntia'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae), containing species commonly known as chollas, native to northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. They are known for their barbed spines that tenaciously attach to skin, fur, a ...
'' are also not monophyletic. The classification of the Opuntioideae is thus uncertain ; Griffith and Porter say that changes in classification will require "broad information (of multiple data types) regarding all species of opuntioid cacti". The ICSG classification divides the subfamily Cactoideae into nine tribes. However, phylogenetic research has not supported most of these tribes, nor even the genera of which they are composed. A 2011 study found that "an extraordinarily high proportion of genera" were not monophyletic, including 22 (61%) of the 36 genera in the subfamily Cactoideae sampled in the research. Of the nine tribes recognized within Cactoideae, one, Calymmantheae, comprises a single genus, ''
Calymmanthium ''Calymmanthium'' is a monotypic genus of primitive tree-like cacti from northern Peru. The only species is ''Calymmanthium substerile'' (also known as ''C. fertile''). It belongs to the tribe Lymanbensonieae Lymanbensonieae is a tribe of c ...
''. Of the remaining eight, only two (
Cacteae Cacteae is a tribe of plants of the family Cactaceae found mainly in North America especially Mexico. , the internal classification of the family Cactaceae remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the ...
and Rhipsalideae) have been shown to be monophyletic. A summary of the cladograms for the Cactoideae presented in a 2011 paper is shown below (ICSG tribes in bold). The classification of the Cactaceae thus remains subject to change, from the genus level upwards. In 2016, David Hunt wrote that "the advent of molecular systematic studies in the past two decades will hopefully have a stabilizing effect on classification in due course, but has so far had the opposite effect".


Nyffler and Eggli (2010) classification

In 2010, Nyffler and Eggli produced a classification based on an explicit phylogeny. The broad outlines of their cladogram agree with that of Hern et al. (2011), shown above, although some details are different. Their classification corresponds to the cladogram shown below. The table below shows how the genera recognized by Nyffler and Eggli are placed into their subfamilies and tribes (they also use some subtribes, not shown here). The column headed "Older tribe (if different)" shows the ICSG classification of the subfamily Cactoideae (as presented by Anderson in 2001) with a 2002 classification of the subfamily Opuntioideae. There are differences in the genera recognized in the systems; where the older system does not recognize the genus, "–" is shown.


Earlier classification

Unless otherwise indicated, the subfamily placement of the genera listed here is based on Anderson's 2001 presentation of the ICSG classification, as is the tribal placement of the genera of the subfamily Cactoideae. The division of the subfamily Opuntioideae into tribes is additional to the ICSG system.


Subfamily

Pereskioideae A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Gree ...

*''
Pereskia ''Pereskia'' is a small genus of about four species of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and non-succulent stems. The genus is named after Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, a 16th-century French bota ...
'' Mill. :synonyms: ''Peirescia'' Zucc. (orth. var.), ''Peireskia'' Steud. (orth. var.), ''Perescia'' Lem. (orth. var.), ''Rhodocactus'' (A.Berger) F.M.Knuth


Subfamily Opuntioideae


Tribe Austrocylindropuntieae

*''
Austrocylindropuntia ''Austrocylindropuntia'' is a genus of cacti ( family Cactaceae) with 11 recognized species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversi ...
'' Backeb. *'' Cumulopuntia'' F.Ritter


Tribe Cylindropuntieae

*''
Cylindropuntia ''Cylindropuntia'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae), containing species commonly known as chollas, native to northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. They are known for their barbed spines that tenaciously attach to skin, fur, a ...
'' (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth – chollas *''
Grusonia ''Grusonia'' is a genus of opuntioid cacti (family Cactaceae), originating from the North American Deserts in Southwest United States and northern Mexico, including Baja California. Authors differ on precise boundaries of the genus, which has b ...
'' F.Rchb. ex Britton & Rose :including ''Corynopuntia'' F.M.Knuth, ''Micropuntia'' Daston *''
Pereskiopsis ''Pereskiopsis'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) in the subfamily Opuntioideae. Unlike typical cacti, it has persistent fleshy leaves. The genus name refers to its resemblance to the genus '' Pereskia''. Most species are found in Mexico ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Peireskiopsis'' Vaupel (orth. var.) *''
Quiabentia ''Quiabentia'' is a genus of cacti, closely related to '' Pereskiopsis''. Species Species of the genus ''Quiabentia'' according to Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Bota ...
'' Britton & Rose


Tribe Opuntieae

*'' Brasiliopuntia'' (K.Schum.) A.Berger *'' Consolea'' Lem. *'' Miqueliopuntia'' Fric ex F.Ritter *''
Opuntia ''Opuntia'', commonly called prickly pear or pear cactus, is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae. Prickly pears are also known as ''tuna'' (fruit), ''sabra'', '' nopal'' (paddle, plural ''nopales'') from the Nahuatl word ...
'' Mill. – prickly pears :synonyms: ''Airampoa'' Fric, ''Cactodendron'' Bigelow, nom. inval., ''Cactus'' Lem., ''Chaffeyopuntia'' Fric & Schelle, ''Clavarioidia'' Kreuz. (nom. inval.), ''Ficindica'' St.-Lag., ''Nopalea'' Salm-Dyck, ''Parviopuntia'' Soulaire & Marn.-Lap. (nom. inval.), ''Phyllarthus'' Neck. ex M.Gómez (nom. inval.), ''Salmiopuntia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Subulatopuntia'' Fric & Schelle, ''Tunas'' Lunell, ''Weberiopuntia'' Fric :including ''Nopalea'' Salm-Dyck *'' Salmonopuntia'' P.V.Heath *''
Tacinga ''Tacinga'' is a genus in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to northeast Brazil (from northeast Minas Gerais to southern Rio Grande do Norte, including Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco and Paraíba). Once thought to be monotypic In biol ...
'' Britton & Rose *'' Tunilla'' D.R.Hunt & Iliff


Tribe Pterocacteae

*''
Pterocactus ''Pterocactus'' (from Greek ''pteron'', "wing", referring to the saucer-shaped seed of these plants) is a genus of the cactus family (Cactaceae), comprising 9 species. All ''Pterocactus'' have tuberous roots and are endemic to South and Weste ...
'' K.Schum.


Tribe Tephrocacteae

*''
Maihueniopsis ''Maihueniopsis'' (from Greek ''opsis'', "view", referring to its resemblance to the unrelated ''Maihuenia'') is a genus of the cactus family (Cactaceae), containing 18 species. The former genus ''Puna'' R.Kiesling is now synonym to ''Maihue ...
'' Speg. :including ''Puna'' R.Kiesling *''
Tephrocactus ''Tephrocactus'' (from Greek language, Greek ''tephra'', "ash", referring to the color of these plants' Epidermis (botany), epidermis) is a genus of the cactus family (Cactus, Cactaceae). Species Species of the genus ''Tephrocactus'' according to ...
'' Lem. :synonyms: ''Pseudotephrocactus'' Fric


Subfamily Maihuenioideae

*''
Maihuenia ''Maihuenia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) and the sole genus of the subfamily Maihuenioideae, which is the smallest subfamily of the Cactaceae. The genus comprises two cushion-forming, mucilaginous species. They are found at high elev ...
'' (Phil. ex F.A.C.Weber) K.Schum.


Subfamily Cactoideae


Tribe

Browningieae The Browningieae are a tribe of cacti belonging to the Cactoideae The Cactoideae are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. Around 80% of cactus species belong to this subfamily. , the internal classification of the family Cac ...

*''
Armatocereus ''Armatocereus'' (from Latin ''armatus'', "armed" and ''cereus'', "pliant/soft") is a genus of mostly tree-like cacti from South America (Ecuador and Peru). These species have a conspicuous constriction at the end of the annual growth. The flowe ...
'' Backeb. *''
Browningia ''Browningia'' is a genus of cacti, comprising 11 accepted and 3 unresolved species. It is named for Webster E Browning (1869-1942), director of the Instituto Inglés, Santiago Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capita ...
'' Cárdenas, ''Gymnocereus'' Rauh & Backeb. *''
Jasminocereus ''Jasminocereus'' (meaning "jasmine-like cereus", referring to the flowers) is a genus of cacti with only one species, ''Jasminocereus thouarsii'', endemic to the Galápagos Islands, territorially a part of Ecuador. In English it is often calle ...
'' Britton &
Rose A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be ...
 *'' Neoraimondia'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Neocardenasia'' Backeb. *'' Stetsonia'' Britton & Rose


Tribe

Cacteae Cacteae is a tribe of plants of the family Cactaceae found mainly in North America especially Mexico. , the internal classification of the family Cactaceae remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the ...

*''
Acharagma ''Acharagma'' is a genus of two cactus species from northern Mexico. Description These cacti are usually solitary but sometimes occur in small clusters. The globose stems tend to be about 3–7 cm in diameter. The ribs have tubercles, wi ...
'' ( N.P.Taylor)
Glass Glass is a non- crystalline, often transparent, amorphous solid that has widespread practical, technological, and decorative use in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optics. Glass is most often formed by rapid cooling (quenchin ...
 *''
Ariocarpus ''Ariocarpus'' is a small genus of succulent, subtropical plants of the family Cactaceae. The name comes from the ancient Greek "aria" (an oak type) and "carpos" (=fruit) because of the resemblance of the fruit of the two genus in acorn for ...
Scheidw. – living rock :synonyms: ''Anhalonium'' Lem., ''Neogomesia'' Castañeda, ''Neogomezia'' Buxb. (orth. var.), ''Roseocactus''
A.Berger Alwin Berger (28 August 1871 – 20 April 1931) was a German botanist best known for his contribution to the nomenclature of succulent plants, particularly agaves and cacti. Born in Germany he worked at the botanical gardens in Dresden and ...
, ''Stromatocactus'' Karw. ex Rümpler (nom. inval.) *'' Astrophytum'' Lem. :synonyms: ''Astrophyton'' Lawr. (orth. var.), ''Maierocactus'' E.C.Rost *''
Aztekium The genus ''Aztekium'' contains three species of small globular cactus. Discovered in 1929 by F. Ritter, in Rayones, Nuevo León, Mexico, this genus was thought to be monotypic (with ''Aztekium ritteri'') until a second species ('' Aztekium hint ...
'' Boed. * ''Cochemiea'' ( K.Brandegee) Walton – see '' Mammillaria'' *'' Coryphantha'' ( Engelm.) Lem. – beehive cactus :synonyms: ''Aulacothele'' Monv. (nom. inval.), ''Cumarinia'' Buxb., ''Glandulifera'' ( Salm-Dyck) Fric, ''Lepidocoryphantha'' Backeb., ''Roseia'' Fric (nom. inval.) *'' Echinocactus'' Link & Otto – barrel cactus :synonyms: ''Brittonrosea'' Speg., ''Echinofossulocactus'' Lawr., ''Homalocephala'' Britton & Rose *'' Echinomastus'' Britton & Rose *'' Epithelantha'' F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose – pingpong ball cactus *'' Escobaria'' Britton & Rose – foxtail cactus, pincushion cactus :synonyms: ''Cochiseia'' W.H.Earle, ''Escobesseya'' Hester, ''Fobea'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Neobesseya'' Britton & Rose *'' Ferocactus'' Britton & Rose – barrel cactus :synonyms: ''Bisnaga'' Orcutt, ''Brittonia'' C.A.Armstr. (nom. inval.) *'' Geohintonia''
Glass Glass is a non- crystalline, often transparent, amorphous solid that has widespread practical, technological, and decorative use in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optics. Glass is most often formed by rapid cooling (quenchin ...
& W.A.Fitz Maur. *'' Leuchtenbergia'' Hook. *'' Lophophora'' J.M.Coult. – peyote *'' Mammillaria'' Haw. – fishhook cactus, globe cactus, pincushion cactus, bird's-nest cactus :synonyms: ''Bartschella'' Britton & Rose, ''Cactus'' L., ''Chilita'' Orcutt, ''Cochemiea'' ( K.Brandegee) Walton, ''Dolichothele'' (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, ''Ebnerella'' Buxb., ''Haagea'' Fric, ''Krainzia'' Backeb., ''Lactomammillaria'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Leptocladia'' Buxb., ''Leptocladodia'' Buxb., ''Mamillaria'' F.Rchb. (orth. var.), ''Mamillopsis'' ( E.Morren) F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose, ''Mammariella''
Shafer Schaefer is an alternative spelling and cognate for the German word ''schäfer'', meaning 'shepherd', which itself descends from the Old High German '' scāphare''. Variants "Shaefer", "Schäfer" (a standardized spelling in many German-speaking ...
 (nom. inval.), ''Mammilaria'' Torr. & A.Gray (orth. var.), ''Neomammillaria'' Britton & Rose, ''Oehmea'' Buxb., ''Phellosperma'' Britton & Rose, ''Porfiria'' Boed., ''Pseudomammillaria'' Buxb., ''Solisia'' Britton & Rose *''
Mammilloydia ''Mammilloydia'' is a genus of cactus containing the sole species ''Mammilloydia candida'', the snowball cactus., p. 450 Description ''Mammilloydia candida'' is green, globe-shaped, but with age it becomes almost cylindrical. It can reach a diame ...
'' Buxb. *''
Neolloydia ''Neolloydia'' is a formerly recognized genus of cacti. The genus was first erected by Britton and Rose in 1922. Edward F. Anderson regarded ''Neolloydia'' as being poorly defined, with the result that species that had at times been included in ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Napina'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Pseudosolisia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.) *''
Obregonia ''Obregonia'', the artichoke cactus, is a monotypic genus of cacti, containing the species ''Obregonia denegrii''. The species is endemic to the state of Tamaulipas in Mexico. The genus ''Obregonia'' is named after Álvaro Obregón, while ...
'' Fric *'' Ortegocactus'' Alexander *''
Pediocactus ''Pediocactus'' ( Greek: πεδίον (pedion) means "plain", "flat", "field") is a genus of cacti. The genus comprises between 6 and 11 species, depending upon the authority. Species of this genus are referred to as hedgehog cacti, though that ...
'' Britton & Rose – hedgehog cactus :synonyms: ''Navajoa'' Croizat, ''Pilocanthus'' B.W.Benson & Backeb. *''
Pelecyphora ''Pelecyphora'' is a genus of cacti, comprising 2 species. They originate from Mexico. ''Pelecyphora'' is known for its medicinal properties and may have been utilized as a psychoactive in the same way as '' Lophophora williamsii''. It is kn ...
'' C.Ehrenb. :synonyms: ''Encephalocarpus'' A.Berger *''
Sclerocactus ''Sclerocactus'' ("hard cactus", from Greek; refers to the hard, dry fruit) is a genus of cacti. It comprises about 15 species, the exact number depending on the authority. These species are very xerophytic. They are sometimes called 'fishhook ...
'' Britton & Rose – fishhook cactus :synonyms: ''Ancistrocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Coloradoa'' Boissev. & C.Davidson, ''Glandulicactus'' Backeb., ''Toumeya'' Britton & Rose *''
Stenocactus ''Stenocactus'' is a genus of cacti in the Cactaceae family. Synonymy The following genera have been brought into synonymy with ''Stenocactus'': *''Echinofossulocactus'' Britton & Rose *''Efossus'' Orcutt Orcutt is an unincorporated town and ...
'' (K.Schum.) A.W.Hill :synonyms: ''Echinofossulocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Efossus'' Orcutt (orth. var.) *''
Strombocactus ''Strombocactus disciformis'' is a rare species of cacti and the only species of the genus ''Strombocactus''. The plant originates from Central and Northeast Mexico. Description ''Strombocactus'' is a monotypic genus with a strong turnip-lik ...
'' Britton & Rose *'' Thelocactus'' (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Hamatocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Thelomastus'' Fric (nom. inval.) *'' Turbinicarpus'' (Backeb.) Buxb. & Backeb. – top cactus :synonyms: ''Gymnocactus'' Backeb., ''Normanbokea'' Kladiwa & Buxb., ''Rapicactus'' Buxb. & Oehme


Tribe Calymmantheae

*''
Calymmanthium ''Calymmanthium'' is a monotypic genus of primitive tree-like cacti from northern Peru. The only species is ''Calymmanthium substerile'' (also known as ''C. fertile''). It belongs to the tribe Lymanbensonieae Lymanbensonieae is a tribe of c ...
''
F.Ritter Friedrich Ritter (9 May 1898 – 9 April 1989) was a German Botany, botanist who collected and described many species of cacti. ''Ritterocereus'' is named in his honour. References

1898 births 1989 deaths {{botanist-stub ...
 :synonyms: ''Diploperianthium'' F.Ritter (nom. inval.)


Tribe Cereeae

*''
Aylostera ''Aylostera'', is a genus of cactus, native to central Bolivia and north western Argentina. It was published in Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. vol.96 on page 75 in 1923. It was once thought to be a synonym of ''Rebutia''. The phylogenetic In biolog ...
'' :synonyms: ''Digitorebutia'' Frič & Kreuz. ex Buining, ''Mediolobivia'' Backeb. *'' Arrojadoa'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Pierrebraunia'' Esteves *''
Brasilicereus ''Brasilicereus'' is a genus of cacti known only from Brazil and comprising 2 species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A ...
'' Backeb. *'' Cereus'' Mill. – sweet potato cactus :synonyms: ''Mirabella'' F.Ritter, ''Piptanthocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob., ''Subpilocereus'' Backeb. *''
Cipocereus ''Cipocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti from Brazil. These species were previously included in the genera ''Pilosocereus'' and ''Cereus (plant), Cereus''. Species Synonymy The genus ''Floribunda'' F.Ritter has been brought into synonymy with ...
'' F.Ritter :synonyms: ''Floribunda'' F.Ritter *'' Coleocephalocereus'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Buiningia'' Buxb. *''
Melocactus ''Melocactus'' (melon cactus), also known as the Turk's cap cactus, is a genus of cactus with about 30–40 species. They are native to the Caribbean, western Mexico through Central America to northern South America, with some species along th ...
'' Link & Otto :synonyms: ''Cactus'' Britton & Rose *''
Micranthocereus ''Micranthocereus'' is genus of cactus. It originates from Brazil and includes about 11 species. The two genera ''Austrocephalocereus'' Backeb. and ''Siccobaccatus'' P.J.Braun & have been brought into synonym (taxonomy), synonymy with this genu ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Austrocephalocereus'' Backeb., ''Siccobaccatus'' P.J.Braun & Esteves *''
Pilosocereus ''Pilosocereus'' (from Latin, "hairy cereus") is a genus of cactus native to the Neotropics. Tree cactus is a common name for ''Pilosocereus'' species. The commonly cultivated '' Pilosocereus pachycladus'' ( syn. ''Pilosocereus azureus'') is a b ...
'' Byles & G. D. Rowley – tree cactus :synonyms: ''Pilocereus'' K.Schum., ''Pseudopilocereus'' Buxb. *'' Praecereus'' Buxb. *'' Reicheocactus'' Backeb. *'' Stephanocereus'' A.Berger *''
Uebelmannia ''Uebelmannia'' is genus of cactus. Description Species in the genus Uebelmannia grow individually and practically never branch. Their spherical to cylindrical shoots reach heights of growth of up to 75 centimeters. The epidermis is smooth, papil ...
'' Buining


Tribe Hylocereeae

*'' Disocactus''
Lindl. John Lindley FRS (5 February 1799 – 1 November 1865) was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist. Early years Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley ...
 :synonyms: ''Aporocactus'' Lem., ''Aporocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Bonifazia'' Standl. &
Steyerm. Julian Alfred Steyermark (January 27, 1909 – October 15, 1988) was a Venezuelan American botanist. His focus was on New World vegetation, and he specialized in the family Rubiaceae. Life and work Julian Alfred Steyermark was born in St. Louis, ...
, ''Chiapasia'' Britton & Rose, ''Disisocactus'' Kunze (orth. var.), ''Disocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Heliocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, ''Lobeira'' Alexander, ''Mediocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Nopalxochia'' Britton & Rose, ''Pseudonopalxochia'' Backeb., ''Trochilocactus'' Linding., ''Wittia'' K.Schum., ''Wittiocactus'' Rauschert *'' Epiphyllum'' Haw. – climbing cactus :synonyms: ''Phyllocactus'' Link, ''Phyllocereus'' Miq. *'' Hylocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose – nightblooming cactus :synonyms: ''Wilmattea'' Britton & Rose *''
Pseudorhipsalis ''Pseudorhipsalis'' is genus of cacti. This genus is often included in ''Disocactus''. It is epiphytic, many branched, and elongated with flattened, serrated cladodes. In its early life, it stands erect, but soon becomes prostrate. It produces nu ...
'' Britton & Rose *'' Selenicereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose – moonlight cactus, nightblooming cereus :synonyms: ''Cryptocereus'' Alexander, ''Deamia'' Britton & Rose, ''Marniera'' Backeb., ''Mediocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Strophocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Strophocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) *''
Weberocereus ''Weberocereus'' is genus of cacti. It produces a green and white flower and is found mainly in Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Description The species of the genus ''Weberocereus'' grows climbing or hanging, epiphytic or lithophytic. Their shoots, whi ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Eccremocactus'' Britton & Rose, ''Eccremocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Werckleocereus'' Britton & Rose


Tribe Notocacteae

*''
Austrocactus ''Austrocactus'' is a genus of cacti with ten species endemic of southern South America, in Argentina and Chile. They have solitary or branched bodies, the ribs are usually divided into tubercules (except ''Austrocactus spiniflorus''). The tall ...
'' Britton & Rose *''
Blossfeldia ''Blossfeldia'' is a genus of cactus (family Cactaceae) containing only one species, ''Blossfeldia liliputiana'', native to South America in northwestern Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca and Mendoza Provinces) and southern Bolivia ...
'' Werderm. *'' Cintia'' Knize & Ríha *''
Copiapoa ''Copiapoa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, from the dry coastal deserts, particularly the Atacama Desert, of northern Chile. Description It comprises 32 morphologically defined species and 5 heterotypic subspec ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Pilocopiapoa'' F.Ritter *''
Eriosyce ''Eriosyce'' is a genus of cacti native to Chile. Description They are spherical to cylindrical plants that rarely sprout. The plants reach heights of growth of up to 1 m and have a diameter of up to 50 cm. They form 7 to 30 ribs on which the tho ...
''
Phil. Rodolfo Amando (or Rudolph Amandus) Philippi (14 September 1808 – 23 July 1904) was a German–Chilean paleontologist and zoologist. Philippi contributed primarily to malacology and paleontology. His grandson, Rodulfo Amando Philippi Bañados ...
 :synonyms: ''Ceratistes'' Labour. (nom. inval.), ''Chileniopsis'' Backeb., ''Chileocactus'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Chileorebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Chiliorebutia'' Fric (orth. var.), ''Delaetia'' Backeb., ''Dracocactus'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Euporteria'' Kreuz. & Buining, ''Hildmannia'' Kreuz. & Buining, ''Horridocactus'' Backeb., ''Islaya'' Backeb., ''Neochilenia'' Backeb. ex Dölz, ''Neoporteria'' Britton & Rose, ''Neoporteria'' Backeb., ''Neotanahashia'' Y.Itô, ''Nichelia'' Bullock (nom. inval.), ''Pyrrhocactus'' (A.Berger) A.W.Hill, ''Rodentiophila'' F.Ritter ex Backeb., ''Thelocephala'' Y.Itô *''
Eulychnia ''Eulychnia'' is a genus of candelabriform or arborescent cactus, cacti, comprising between 6 and 9 species depending on the authority. These desert cacti can survive under very hot conditions—temperatures can reach up to 50 degrees Celsius. F ...
'' Phil. :synonyms: ''Philippicereus'' Backeb. *'' Frailea'' Britton & Rose *''
Neowerdermannia ''Neowerdermannia'' is a genus of South American cacti. Species The genus comprises only two species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of ...
'' Fric *''
Parodia ''Parodia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cactaceae, native to the eastern slopes of the Andes in northwestern Argentina and southwestern Bolivia and in the lowland pampas regions of northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil, eastern ...
'' Speg. :synonyms: ''Acanthocephala'' Backeb., ''Brasilicactus'' Backeb., ''Brasiliparodia'' F.Ritter, ''Brasilocactus'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Chrysocactus'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Dactylanthocactus'' Y.Itô, ''Eriocactus'' Backeb., ''Eriocephala'' Backeb., ''Friesia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Hickenia'' Britton & Rose, ''Malacocarpus'' Salm-Dyck, ''Microspermia'' Fric, ''Neohickenia'' Fric, ''Notocactus'' (K.Schum.) Fric, ''Sericocactus'' Y.Itô, ''Wigginsia'' D.M.Porter *''
Yavia ''Yavia cryptocarpa'' is a species of cactus (family (biology), family Cactaceae) and the only species of the newly discovered genus ''Yavia''. The genus is named after Argentina's department Yavi, Yavi, Jujuy Province, where the plant is endemis ...
'' R.Kiesling & Piltz


Tribe Pachycereeae

*''
Acanthocereus ''Acanthocereus'' is a genus of cacti. Its species take the form of shrubs with arching or climbing stems up to several meters in height. The generic name is derived from the Greek word ''άκανθα'' (''acantha''), meaning spine, and the Lat ...
'' (Engelm. ex
A.Berger Alwin Berger (28 August 1871 – 20 April 1931) was a German botanist best known for his contribution to the nomenclature of succulent plants, particularly agaves and cacti. Born in Germany he worked at the botanical gardens in Dresden and ...
) Britton & Rose – triangle cactus :synonyms: ''Dendrocereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Monvillea'' Britton & Rose *''
Bergerocactus ''Bergerocactus emoryi'' is a species of cactus, known commonly as the golden-spined cereus, golden snake cactus, velvet cactus or golden club cactus. It is a relatively small cactus, but it can form dense thickets or colonies, with the dense ye ...
'' Britton & Rose – snake cactus :synonyms: ''Bergerocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) *''
Carnegiea The saguaro (, ) (''Carnegiea gigantea'') is a tree-like cactus species in the monotypic genus ''Carnegiea'' that can grow to be over tall. It is native to the Sonoran Desert in Arizona, the Mexican state of Sonora, and the Whipple Mountains ...
'' Britton & Rose – saguaro *'' Cephalocereus'' Pfeiff. – old man cactus :synonyms: ''Haseltonia'' Backeb., ''Neodawsonia'' Backeb., ''Pilocereus'' Lem. *''
Corryocactus ''Corryocactus'' is a genus of cacti. The genus was formerly placed in the tribe Notocacteae. It has also been placed in the tribe Echinocereeae. A 2011 molecular phylogenetic study excluded the genus from the "core" Echinocereeae, commenting ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonym: ''Corryocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Erdisia'' Britton & Rose, ''Eulychnocactus'' Backeb. (nom. inval.) * ''Dendrocereus'' Britton & Rose – see ''
Acanthocereus ''Acanthocereus'' is a genus of cacti. Its species take the form of shrubs with arching or climbing stems up to several meters in height. The generic name is derived from the Greek word ''άκανθα'' (''acantha''), meaning spine, and the Lat ...
'' *''
Echinocereus ''Echinocereus'' is a genus of ribbed, usually small to medium-sized, cylindrical shaped cacti, comprising about 70 species native to the southern United States and Mexico in very sunny, rocky places. Usually the flowers are large and the fruit ...
'' Engelm. – hedgehog cactus :synonyms: ''Morangaya'' G.D.Rowley, ''Wilcoxia'' Britton & Rose *''
Escontria ''Escontria'' is a genus of cactus. The only species is ''Escontria chiotilla'', the chiotilla or jiotilla. The species originates from Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacán, Oaxaca, southern Puebla). This is a tree-like cactus, up to 7 metres tall. ...
'' Rose * ''Isolatocereus'' Backeb. – see '' Stenocereus'' *''
Leptocereus ''Leptocereus'' is a genus of cacti native to the Greater Antilles. It has been placed in the tribe Leptocereeae or in a broadly defined Echinocereeae. Species , Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online dat ...
'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Neoabbottia'' Britton & Rose *×''
Myrtgerocactus ''Bergerocactus emoryi'' is a species of cactus, known commonly as the golden-spined cereus, golden snake cactus, velvet cactus or golden club cactus. It is a relatively small cactus, but it can form dense thickets or colonies, with the dense ye ...
'' Moran : ''Myrtillocactus'' × ''Bergerocactus'' *''
Myrtillocactus ''Myrtillocactus'' (from Latin, "blueberry cactus") is a genus of cacti. The genus is found from Mexico to Guatemala. The genus is best known with '' Myrtillocactus geometrizans''. The genus ''Myrtillocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) has be ...
'' Console :synonyms: ''Myrtillocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) *'' Neobuxbaumia'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Pseudomitrocereus'' Bravo & Buxb., ''Rooksbya'' Backeb. *×'' Pacherocactus'' G.D.Rowley : ''Pachycereus'' × ''Bergerocactus'' *'' Pachycereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Backebergia'' Bravo, ''Lemaireocereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Lophocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, ''Marginatocereus'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Mitrocereus'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Pterocereus'' T.MacDoug. & Miranda *''
Peniocereus ''Peniocereus'' is a genus of vining cacti, comprising about 18 species, found from the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a large underground tuber, thin and inconspicuous stems. Its name comes from the prefix ''penio-'' (from the ...
'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Cullmannia''
Distefano Distefano is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Benny Distefano (born 1962), American baseball player *Chris Distefano (born 1984), American comedian * David Distéfano (born 1987), Argentine footballer *Tony DiStefano Anthony ...
, ''Neoevansia'' W.T.Marshall, ''Nyctocereus'' (A.Berger) Britton & Rose *'' Polaskia'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Chichipia'' Backeb. (nom. inval.), ''Heliabravoa'' Backeb. *''
Pseudoacanthocereus ''Strophocactus'' is a genus of cacti in the subfamily Cactoideae. Its status and circumscription remain somewhat uncertain, with the genus containing one to three species (not always the same ones). Molecular phylogenetic data suggest that it co ...
'' F.Ritter *'' Stenocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob. :synonyms: ''Hertrichocereus'' Backeb., ''Isolatocereus'' Backeb., ''Isolatocereus'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Machaerocereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Marshallocereus'' Backeb., ''Neolemaireocereus'' Backeb., ''Rathbunia'' Britton & Rose, ''Ritterocereus'' Backeb.


Tribe Rhipsalideae

*''
Hatiora ''Hatiora'' is a small genus of epiphytic cacti which belongs to the tribe Rhipsalideae within the subfamily Cactoideae of the Cactaceae. Recent taxonomic studies have led to the three species formerly placed in subgenus ''Rhipsalidopsis'' being ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Epiphyllopsis'' Backeb. & F.M.Knuth, ''Hariota''
DC. Augustin Pyramus (or Pyrame) de Candolle (, , ; 4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched de Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at a herbarium. Within a couple of years de Candolle ...
, ''Pseudozygocactus'' Backeb., ''Rhipsalidopsis'' Britton & Rose *''
Lepismium ''Lepismium'' is a genus of mostly epiphytic cacti, with a dozen species. They are found in tropical South America. Synonymy The following genera have been brought into synonymy with this genus: *''Acanthorhipsalis'' ( K.Schum.) Britton & Rose ...
'' Pfeiff. :synonyms: ''Acanthorhipsalis'' (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, ''Acanthorhipsalis'' Kimnach, ''Pfeiffera'' Salm-Dyck *'' Rhipsalis'' Gaertn. :synonyms: ''Cassytha'' Mill., ''Erythrorhipsalis'' A.Berger, ''Hariota''
Adans. Michel Adanson (7 April 17273 August 1806) was an 18th-century French botanist and naturalist who traveled to Senegal to study flora and fauna. He proposed a "natural system" of taxonomy distinct from the binomial system forwarded by Linnaeus. ...
, ''Lymanbensonia'' Kimnach *''
Schlumbergera ''Schlumbergera'' is a small genus of cacti with six to nine species found in the coastal mountains of south-eastern Brazil. These plants grow on trees or rocks in habitats that are generally shady with high humidity, and can be quite differen ...
'' Lem. – Christmas cactus, Easter cactus :synonyms: ''Epiphyllanthus'' A.Berger, ''Epiphyllum'' Pfeiff., ''Opuntiopsis'' Knebel (nom. inval.), ''Zygocactus'' K.Schum., ''Zygocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)


Tribe

Trichocereeae Trichocereeae is a tribe of cactus that are particular to South America. There are 25 recognized genera in this tribe. Description Arborescent to shrubby, Trichocereeae normally form unsegmented, spherical to columnar stems that are usually rib ...

*''
Acanthocalycium ''Acanthocalycium'' is a genus of cactus consisting of several species from Argentina. The taxon name comes from Greek ''akantha'' (meaning ''prickly'') and ''kalyx'' (meaning ''buds''), which refers to the spines on the floral tubes. These plan ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Spinicalycium'' Fric (nom. inval.) *''
Arthrocereus ''Arthrocereus'' is a genus of cactus, originating from southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Species Species in the genus include: References

Arthrocereus, Cacti of South America Endemic flora of Brazil Flora of Minas Gerais Cactoideae ge ...
'' A.Berger *''
Brachycereus The lava cactus is a species of cactus, ''Brachycereus nesioticus'', the sole species of the genus ''Brachycereus''. The plant is a colonizer of lava fields – hence its common name – where it forms spiny clumps up to tall. Its solitary white ...
'' Britton & Rose *''
Cleistocactus ''Cleistocactus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to mountainous areas - to - of South America (Peru, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina). The name comes from the Greek ''kleistos'' meaning closed because the f ...
'' Lem. :synonyms: ''Akersia'' Buining, ''Bolivicereus'' Cárdenas, ''Borzicactella'' H.Johnson ex F.Ritter, ''Borzicactus'' Riccob, ''Borzicereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Cephalocleistocactus'' F.Ritter, ''Cleistocereus'' Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), ''Clistanthocereus'' Backeb., ''Demnosa'' Fric, ''Gymnanthocereus'' Backeb., ''Hildewintera'' F.Ritter, ''Loxanthocereus'' Backeb., ''Maritimocereus'' Akers, ''Pseudoechinocereus'' Buining (nom. inval.), ''Seticereus'' Backeb., ''Seticleistocactus'' Backeb., ''Winteria'' F.Ritter, ''Winterocereus'' Backeb. * ''Cephalocleistocactus'' F.Ritter – see ''
Cleistocactus ''Cleistocactus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to mountainous areas - to - of South America (Peru, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina). The name comes from the Greek ''kleistos'' meaning closed because the f ...
'' *'' Denmoza'' Britton & Rose *''
Discocactus ''Discocactus'' is a genus of tropical cacti. The name comes from the ancient Greek ' (=disc) because of its shape. ''Discocactus'' plants are endemic to southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, and northern Paraguay. These species are in the risk of ...
'' Pfeiff. *'' Echinopsis'' Zucc. – San Pedro cactus :synonyms: ''Acantholobivia'' Backeb., ''Acanthopetalus'' Y.Itô, ''Andenea'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Aureilobivia'' Fric, nom. inval., ''Chamaecereus'' Britton & Rose, ''Chamaelobivia'' Y. Itô (nom. inval.), ''Cinnabarinea'' Fric ex F.Ritter, ''Echinolobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Echinonyctanthus'' Lem., ''Furiolobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Helianthocereus'' Backeb, ''Heterolobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Hymenorebulobivia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Hymenorebutia'' Fric ex Buining, ''Leucostele'' Backeb., ''Lobirebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Lobivia'' Britton & Rose, ''Lobiviopsis'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Megalobivia'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Mesechinopsis'' Y.Itô, ''Neolobivia'' Y.Itô, ''Pilopsis'' Y.Itô (nom. inval.), ''Pseudolobivia'' (Backeb.) Backeb., ''Rebulobivia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Salpingolobivia'' Y.Itô, ''Scoparebutia'' Fric & Kreuz. ex Buining, ''Setiechinopsis'' (Backeb.) de Haas, ''Soehrensia'' Backeb., ''Trichocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob. *''
Espostoa ''Espostoa'' is a genus of columnar cacti, comprising 16 species known from the Andes of southern Ecuador and Peru. It usually lives at an altitude of between 800m and 2500m. Its fruit is edible, sweet, and juicy. The genus is named after Nicol ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Binghamia'' Britton & Rose, ''Pseudoespostoa'' Backeb., ''Thrixanthocereus'' Backeb., *'' Espostoopsis'' Buxb. :synonyms: ''Gerocephalus'' F.Ritter *'' Facheiroa'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Zehntnerella'' Britton & Rose *'' Gymnocalycium'' Pfeiff. ex Mittler – chin cactus :synonyms: ''Brachycalycium'' Backeb. *''
Haageocereus ''Haageocereus'' is a genus of cacti endemic to the lower elevations of the extremely dry desert along the coast of Peru and northern Chile. Species As of 2021 species include: Natural Hybrids Synonymy The following genera have been brou ...
'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Floresia'' Krainz & F.Ritter ex Backeb. (nom. inval.), ''Haageocactus'' Backeb. (nom. inval.), ''Lasiocereus'' F.Ritter, ''Neobinghamia'' Backeb., ''Peruvocereus'' Akers * × ''Haagespostoa'' G.D.Rowley : ''Haageocereus'' × ''Espostoa'' *'' Harrisia'' Britton – apple cactus :synonyms: ''Eriocereus'' (A.Berger) Riccob., ''Roseocereus'' Backeb. * ''Lasiocereus'' F.Ritter – see ''
Haageocereus ''Haageocereus'' is a genus of cacti endemic to the lower elevations of the extremely dry desert along the coast of Peru and northern Chile. Species As of 2021 species include: Natural Hybrids Synonymy The following genera have been brou ...
'' *''
Leocereus ''Leocereus bahiensis'' is a species of cactus and the only species of the genus ''Leocereus''. Distribution The cactus is endemic to Brazil, within Bahia state. It is found growing in the campos rupestres (rocky fields) montane savanna ecor ...
'' Britton & Rose *''
Matucana ''Matucana'' is a genus of cactus, cacti (family (biology), family Cactaceae), containing approximately 20 species of mostly globular plants. The genus is only known from Peru, mostly along the Marañón River. The first species was discovered ...
'' Britton & Rose :synonyms: ''Eomatucana'' F.Ritter *'' Mila'' Britton & Rose *''
Oreocereus ''Oreocereus'' is a genus of cactus, cacti (family (biology), family Cactaceae), known only from high altitudes of the Andes. Its name means "mountain Cereus (plant), cereus", formed from the Greek prefix ' (, mountain) and the New Latin ', mean ...
'' (A.Berger) Riccob. :synonyms: ''Arequipa'' Britton & Rose, ''Arequipiopsis'' Kreuz. & Buining, ''Morawetzia'' Backeb., ''Submatucana'' Backeb. *''
Oroya ''Oroya'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae), originating from Peru. The name comes from the Peruvian town of la Oroya La Oroya is a city on the River Mantaro in central Peru. It is situated on the Andes some 176 km east-north-e ...
'' Britton & Rose *'' Pygmaeocereus'' H.Johnson & Backeb. *''
Rauhocereus ''Rauhocereus'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae) with nocturnal flowers. It is known from northern Peru (Rio Santa The Santa River ( es, Río Santa) is a river in the South American Andes mountain range in the Ancash Region of northw ...
'' Backeb. *''Rebutia'' K.Schum. :synonyms: ''Aylostera'' Speg., ''Bridgesia'' Backeb., ''Cylindrorebutia'' Fric & Kreuz., ''Digitorebutia'' Fric & Kreuz., ''Echinorebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Eurebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Gymnantha'' Y.Itô, ''Mediolobivia'' Backeb., ''Mediorebutia'' Fric (nom. inval.), ''Neogymnantha'' Y.Itô, ''Reicheocactus'' Backeb., ''Setirebutia'' Fric & Kreuz. (nom. inval.), ''Spegazzinia'' Backeb., ''Sulcorebutia'' Backeb., ''Weingartia'' Werderm. *''Samaipaticereus'' Cárdenas *''Weberbauerocereus'' Backeb. :synonyms: ''Meyenia'' Backeb. *''Vatricania'' Backeb. *''Yungasocereus'' F.Ritter


Notes and references


Bibliography

* {{Taxonomy of... Cacti, Plant taxonomies, Cactaceae