Chlorine perchlorate
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Chlorine perchlorate is a
chemical compound A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element ...
with the formula Cl2O4. This
chlorine oxide Chlorine and oxygen can bond in many ways: * chlorine monoxide, , chlorine (II) oxide * chlorine peroxide, , dimer of chlorine (II) oxide * chlorine dioxide, , chlorine (IV) oxide * chloroperoxyl, *chlorine trioxide, ClO3, chlorine (VI) oxide * ...
is an asymmetric oxide, with one chlorine atom in +1
oxidation state In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to different atoms were fully ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. C ...
and the other +7, with proper formula ClOClO3. It is produced by the photodimerization of
chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2 that exists as yellowish-green gas above 11 °C, a reddish-brown liquid between 11 °C and −59 °C, and as bright orange crystals below −59 °C. It is usually ...
(ClO2) at room temperature by 436 nm
ultraviolet light Ultraviolet (UV) is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength from 10 nanometer, nm (with a corresponding frequency around 30 Hertz, PHz) to 400 nm (750 Hertz, THz), shorter than that of visible light, but longer than ...
: :2 ClO2 → ClOClO3 Chlorine perchlorate can also be made by the following reaction at −45 °C. :CsClO4 + ClOSO2F → Cs(SO3)F + ClOClO3


Properties

Chlorine perchlorate is a pale greenish liquid. It is less stable than ClO2 (chlorine dioxide) and decomposes at room temperature to give O2 (
oxygen Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as ...
), Cl2 (
chlorine Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Chlorine i ...
) and Cl2O6 (
dichlorine hexoxide Dichlorine hexoxide is the chemical compound with the molecular formula , which is correct for its gaseous state. However, in liquid or solid form, this chlorine oxide ionizes into the dark red ionic compound chloryl perchlorate , which may be tho ...
): :2 ClOClO3 → O2 + Cl2 + Cl2O6 Chlorine perchlorate reacts with metal chlorides to form chlorine and the corresponding anhydrous perchlorate: :CrO2Cl2 + 2 ClOClO3 → 2 Cl2 + CrO2(ClO4)2 :TiCl4 + 4 ClOClO3 → 4 Cl2 + Ti(ClO4)4 :2 AgCl + 2 ClOClO3 → 2 AgClO4 + Cl2


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References

{{oxygen compounds Chlorine oxides Acidic oxides Chlorine(VII) compounds Perchlorates