''Cetraria'' is a genus of
fruticose lichens
A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure. It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or ...
that associate with
green algae as
photobiont
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.[heath
A heath () is a shrubland habitat found mainly on free-draining infertile, acidic soils and characterised by open, low-growing woody vegetation. Moorland is generally related to high-ground heaths with—especially in Great Britain—a cooler a ...]
. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges.
''
Cetraria islandica'', Iceland moss, is one of the few
culinary lichens, ground and eaten by
Northern Europeans
in times of famine.
Another species is used today as a "bulking" agent in
garam masala
Garam masala Hindustani_language.html"_;"title="rom_Hindustani_language">Hindustani_/_(''garm_masala'',_"hot_spices")is_a_Spice_mix.html" ;"title="Hindustani language">Hindustani / (''garm masala'', "hot spices")">Hindustani_language.html" ;"tit ...
of traditional
Indian cuisine
Indian cuisine consists of a variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to India. Given the diversity in soil, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially and use locally available spices, he ...
.
Species
*''
Cetraria aculeata''
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Cetraria arenaria''
*''
Cetraria australiensis''
*''
Cetraria corrugata''
*''
Cetraria endochrysea''
*''
Cetraria ericetorum''
*''
Cetraria flavonigrescens''
*''
Cetraria isidiigera''
*''
Cetraria islandica''
*''
Cetraria kamczatica''
*''
Cetraria laevigata''
*''
Cetraria minuscula''
*''
Cetraria muricata''
*''
Cetraria nigricans''
*''
Cetraria odontella''
*''
Cetraria racemosa''
*''
Cetraria sepincola''
*''
Cetraria sinensis''
*''
Cetraria wangii''
*''
Cetraria weii''
The species once known as ''Cetraria subscutata'' was placed into
synonymy
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are all ...
with ''
Nephromopsis chlorophylla''.
References
Gallery
Cetraria arenaria-4.jpg, '' Cetraria arenaria''
Cetraria islandica 300808.jpg, '' Cetraria islandica''
Cetraria laevigata.jpg, '' Cetraria laevigata''
Cetraria laevigata-2.jpg, Marginal projections on ''C. laevigata''
Parmeliaceae
Lichen genera
Taxa named by Erik Acharius
Lecanorales genera
Taxa described in 1803
{{Parmeliaceae-stub