CD30, also known as TNFRSF8 ( TNF receptor superfamily member 8), is a cell membrane

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...

of the

tumor necrosis factor receptor The tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) is a protein superfamily of cytokine receptors characterized by the ability to bind tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) via an extracellular cysteine-rich domain. With the exception of nerve grow ...

family and a tumor marker.

Function

This receptor is expressed by activated, but not by resting, T and

B cell B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system. B cells produce antibody molecules which may be either secreted o ...

TRAF2 TNF receptor-associated factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAF2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) protein family. TRAF proteins associate with, an ...

and

TRAF5 TNF receptor-associated factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAF5'' gene. Function The scaffold protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) protein family and c ...

can interact with this receptor, and mediate the signal transduction that leads to the activation of NF-kappaB. It is a positive regulator of

apoptosis Apoptosis (from grc, ἀπόπτωσις, apóptōsis, 'falling off') is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes ( morphology) and death. These changes in ...

, and also has been shown to limit the proliferative potential of autoreactive CD8 effector T cells and protect the body against autoimmunity. Two

alternatively spliced Alternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins. In this process, particular exons of a gene may b ...

transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.

Clinical significance

CD30 is associated with

anaplastic large cell lymphoma Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) refers to a group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in which aberrant T cells proliferate uncontrollably. Considered as a single entity, ALCL is the most common type of peripheral lymphoma and represents ~10% of all p ...

. It is expressed in

embryonal carcinoma Embryonal carcinoma is a relatively uncommon type of germ cell tumour that occurs in the ovaries and testes. Signs and symptoms The presenting features may be a palpable testicular mass or asymmetric testicular enlargement in some cases. The tu ...

but not in seminoma and is thus a useful marker in distinguishing between these germ cell tumors. CD30 and CD15 are also expressed on Reed-Sternberg cells typical for

Hodgkin's lymphoma Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a type of lymphoma, in which cancer originates from a specific type of white blood cell called lymphocytes, where multinucleated Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) are present in the patient's lymph nodes. The condition w ...

Cancer treatment

CD30 is the target of the FDA approved therapeutic brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris). It is approved for use in: #

Hodgkin lymphoma Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a type of lymphoma, in which cancer originates from a specific type of white blood cell called lymphocytes, where multinucleated Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) are present in the patient's lymph nodes. The conditio ...

(HL) (brentuximab vedotin) after failure of autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) # HL in patients who are not ASCT candidates after failure of at least 2 multiagent chemotherapy regimens # Systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (s ALCL) after failure of at least 1 multiagent chemotherapy regimen # Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) or CD30-expressing

mycosis fungoides Mycosis fungoides, also known as Alibert-Bazin syndrome or granuloma fungoides, is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It generally affects the skin, but may progress internally over time. Symptoms include rash, tumors, skin lesions ...

(MF) who have received prior systemic therapy Brentuximab vedotin is also currently being studied in and recommended for treating: # Various types of CD30-positive B cell lymphomas #Various types of CD30-positive T cell lymphomas # CD30-positive cases of the NK cell lymphoma, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type

Interactions

CD30 has been shown to

interact Advocates for Informed Choice, doing business as, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex trai ...

with

, and

References

External links