Autocourse
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''Autocourse'' is a series of annuals covering
motor racing Motorsport, motorsports or motor sport is a global term used to encompass the group of competitive sporting events which primarily involve the use of motorized vehicles. The terminology can also be used to describe forms of competition of tw ...
, and
Formula One Formula One (also known as Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The World Drivers' Championship, ...
in particular. The annuals cover a long period of the sport's history, from 1951 to the present day, and, as such, are highly collectible.


History

The first edition of ''Autocourse'' appeared in 1951, as a quarterly review of motorsport, initially with each article in four languages (English, French, German and Italian). Its aims were "to provide the most complete data obtainable with interesting and authentic information, settle arguments and provide countless hours of interesting study and amusement." In 1957 a change of publisher saw the title change to 'Autocourse - For Motoring Sportsmen' and then as 'Autocourse and Sporting Motorist' until 1959. The first ''Autocourse'' in annual form was published in 1959 as a paperback. The first hardback annual was 1961/62 which continues to this day. In 1963, Jim Clark started the tradition of the F1 World Champion writing the foreword for the annual, a tradition only broken in 1991, when Senna refused following a dispute over the annual's Top Ten drivers (see below). Starting in 1966, the annual's editor (currently Tony Dodgins, who took over in 2016 after the death of long time editor
Alan Henry Alan Henry (9 June 1947 – 3 March 2016) was a British Grand Prix reporter and book author. Career Henry had been a Grand Prix reporter since the early 1970s. He was the Formula One correspondent of ''The Guardian'' newspaper and until the end o ...
) has chosen the Top Ten F1 drivers of each season. In 1991, the Formula One Review was changed into a team-by-team format. In 2000, ''Autocourse'' celebrated its 50th anniversary. In 2005, Bryn Williams took on the publishing of the annual with Crash Media Group,Crash Media Group
/ref> who purchased the series from Hazleton Publishing (publishers since 1975). In late 2009, CMG confirmed a deal to sell on the title to Icon Publishing (which was formed by Bryn Williams again with Steve Small who has a long established relationship with the annual from being the Picture Editor).


Format


Title pages

The front cover features a full-scale photograph of that year's F1 championship-winning driver in his car, underneath the distinctive yellow "''Autocourse''" title. In 1976, a drawing by Michael Turner was also used. In 1994 and 1995, three photos were used on the front cover. The interior title page often features the runner-up, or another photograph of note.


Foreword

This has been written by the newly crowned champion since 1963 and is accompanied by their signature. The only exception was in 1991, when Nobuhiko Kawamoto, the chief of Honda's F1 engine programme, wrote it instead of
Ayrton Senna Ayrton Senna da Silva (; 21 March 1960 – 1 May 1994) was a Brazilian racing driver who won the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in , , and . Senna is one of three Formula One drivers from Brazil to win the World Championship and ...
, after Senna was not acclaimed the Number One driver in the annual the previous year, despite winning the title.


Editor's introduction

This is a page or so of material which summarises the year in motor racing from the editor's point of view. For the 50th anniversary edition in 2000, the publisher, Richard Poulter, also wrote a brief introduction.


Top ten drivers

The annual states that these top ten F1 drivers are "chosen by the editor, taking into account their racing performances and the equipment at their disposal". This has been a feature of ''Autocourse'' since 1966. Drivers who do not complete the whole season are not usually eligible to be included in the list, although exceptions have been made.


List of number one drivers

* 1966Jim Clark *
1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
– Jim Clark (2) * 1968
Jackie Stewart Sir John Young Stewart (born 11 June 1939), known as Jackie Stewart, is a British former Formula One racing driver from Scotland. Nicknamed the "Flying Scot", he competed in Formula One between 1965 and 1973, winning three World Drivers' Cha ...
* 1969 – Jackie Stewart (2) *
1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). Between 10,000 and ...
– Jackie Stewart (3) * 1971 – Jackie Stewart (4) *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using mean solar tim ...
– Jackie Stewart (5) *
1973 Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: ...
– Jackie Stewart (6) * 1974
Emerson Fittipaldi Emerson Fittipaldi (; born 12 December 1946) is a Brazilian former automobile racing driver who won both the Formula One World Championship and the Indianapolis 500 twice each and the CART championship once. Moving up from Formula Two, Fittip ...
*
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
Niki Lauda Andreas Nikolaus "Niki" Lauda (22 February 1949 – 20 May 2019) was an Austrian Formula One driver and aviation entrepreneur. He was a three-time Formula One World Drivers' Champion, winning in , and , and is the only driver in Formula ...
*
1976 Events January * January 3 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 11 – The 1976 ...
– Niki Lauda (2) *
1977 Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democrat ...
– Niki Lauda (3) * 1978 – Niki Lauda (4) *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the '' International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the '' Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the so ...
Alan Jones * 1980 – Alan Jones (2) *
1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensiv ...
– Alan Jones (3) * 1982 – none (left blank as a mark of respect to
Gilles Villeneuve Joseph Gilles Henri Villeneuve () (January 18, 1950 – May 8, 1982) was a Canadian racing driver, who spent six years in Grand Prix motor racing with Ferrari, winning six races and widespread acclaim for his performances. An enthusiast of ...
and Didier Pironi) *
1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...
Nelson Piquet Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (, born 17 August 1952) is a Brazilian retired racing driver and businessman. Since his retirement, Piquet, a three-time World Champion, has been ranked among the greatest Formula One (F1) drivers in various motorspo ...
*
1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeas ...
Alain Prost Alain Marie Pascal Prost (; born 24 February 1955) is a French retired racing driver and Formula One team owner. A four-time Formula One World Drivers' Champion, from 1987 until 2001 he held the record for most Grand Prix victories until Micha ...
*
1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
– Alain Prost (2) * 1986 – Alain Prost (3) *
1987 File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, ...
– Alain Prost (4) *
1988 File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Bicenten ...
Ayrton Senna Ayrton Senna da Silva (; 21 March 1960 – 1 May 1994) was a Brazilian racing driver who won the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in , , and . Senna is one of three Formula One drivers from Brazil to win the World Championship and ...
*
1989 File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs ...
Nigel Mansell *
1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of humanity on Earth, astrophysicist ...
– Alain Prost (5) *
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phi ...
– Ayrton Senna (2) * 1992 – Nigel Mansell (2) *
1993 File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peacefu ...
– Ayrton Senna (3) * 1994
Damon Hill Damon Graham Devereux Hill, (born 17 September 1960) is a British former professional racing driver from England and the 1996 Formula One World Champion. He is the son of Graham Hill, and, along with Nico Rosberg, one of two sons of a Formula ...
*
1995 File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The Great Hanshin earthquake str ...
Michael Schumacher Michael Schumacher (; ; born 3 January 1969) is a German former racing driver who competed in Formula One for Jordan, Benetton, Ferrari, and Mercedes. Schumacher has a joint-record seven World Drivers' Championship titles (tied with Lewis ...
* 1996 – Michael Schumacher (2) *
1997 File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of ...
Jacques Villeneuve Jacques Joseph Charles Villeneuve ( born 9 April 1971) is a Canadian professional racing driver and amateur musician who won the 1997 Formula One World Championship with Williams. In addition to Formula One (F1) he has competed in various o ...
*
1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently s ...
– Michael Schumacher (3) * 1999Heinz-Harald Frentzen *
2000 File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from S ...
– Michael Schumacher (4) * 2001 – Michael Schumacher (5) * 2002 – Michael Schumacher (6) * 2003 – Michael Schumacher (7) * 2004 – Michael Schumacher (8) * 2005Fernando Alonso * 2006 – Fernando Alonso (2) * 2007
Lewis Hamilton Sir Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton (born 7 January 1985) is a British racing driver currently competing in Formula One for Mercedes. In Formula One, Hamilton has won a joint-record seven World Drivers' Championship titles (tied with Mic ...
*
2008 File:2008 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the Subprime mortgage crisis; Cyclone Nargis killed more than 138,000 in Myanmar; A scene from the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing; ...
– Lewis Hamilton (2) * 2009
Jenson Button Jenson Alexander Lyons Button (born 19 January 1980) is a British racing driver. He won the 2009 Formula One World Championship when he drove for the Brawn GP team. After his F1 career, he became champion of the 2018 season of the Super G ...
* 2010Sebastian Vettel * 2011 – Sebastian Vettel (2) *
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gat ...
– Fernando Alonso (3) *
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fa ...
– Sebastian Vettel (3) *
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
– Lewis Hamilton (3) * 2015 – Lewis Hamilton (4) *
2016 File:2016 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Bombed-out buildings in Ankara following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt; the Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, impeachment trial of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff; Damaged houses duri ...
– Lewis Hamilton (5) *
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a s ...
– Lewis Hamilton (6) *
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the Unit ...
– Lewis Hamilton (7) *
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
– Lewis Hamilton (8) *
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in t ...
- Lewis Hamilton (9) *
2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...
- Max Verstappen


Obituaries

Obituaries of persons involved in motorsport who have died during the past year. The 2008 edition included obituaries for Phil Hill,
Ove Andersson Ove Andersson (3 January 1938 – 11 June 2008), nicknamed ''Påven'' ("the Pope"), was a Swedish rally driver and the first head of Toyota's F1 programme. Early life Andersson was born in Uppsala and grew up on a remote farm. His father bough ...
, Paul Newman and
Jean-Marie Balestre Jean-Marie Balestre (9 April 1921 – 27 March 2008) was a French auto racing administrator, who became President of the Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile (FISA) from 1978 to 1991 and President of the Fédération Internationale de ...
, among a few others. As Autocourse is published before the end of the year, persons who died at the end of the year are listed in next publication, for example the obituary of
Clay Regazzoni Gianclaudio Giuseppe "Clay" Regazzoni (5 September 1939 – 15 December 2006) was a Swiss racing driver. He competed in Formula One races from 1970 to 1980, winning five Grands Prix. His first win was the Italian Grand Prix at Monza in his debu ...
was in the 2007 edition.


Formula One features

There are usually some in-depth articles on various F1 topics; e.g., rule changes. These are usually written by well-known motor racing journalists, for example
Nigel Roebuck Nigel Roebuck (born 1946 in Manchester, Lancashire) is an English journalist. Since 1971 he has reported on Formula One, and is considered one of the sport's most influential writers. From 2007 to 2016 he was editor-in-chief of ''Motor Sport'' ...
.


Formula One review

This is the main section of the annual. Before 1991, this consisted of an in-depth analysis of the season as a whole, followed by technical reviews of each team and chassis specifications.


Team-by-Team

From 1991 onwards, the Formula One review was organised in a team-by-team format, with the analysis, specifications, an illustration of each car and photos of the relevant drivers (and team personnel) in a single team's section.


Grands Prix

This is the longest section of the annual, and contains a report on each Grand Prix in the Formula One season, including qualifying, photos, comprehensive results and sidebars for more in-depth news stories.


Points and percentages

This consists of the full results table for the season, featuring each driver and accompanied since 1996 by a group photo of all the drivers in one of the Grands Prix. Other statistics are also given, such as overall career details for each driver and their average qualifying position over the season.


Other categories

Every year, a review of junior single seater formulae is included (currently F2, F3 and
Formula Three Formula Three, also called Formula 3, abbreviated as F3, is a third-tier class of open-wheel formula racing. The various championships held in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia form an important step for many prospective Formula One dri ...
), as well as reports on the year's international
sports car racing Sports car racing is a form of motorsport road racing which utilises sports cars that have two seats and enclosed wheels. They may be purpose-built prototypes or grand tourers based on road-going models. Broadly speaking, sports car racing is ...
, and the American racing scene (comprising
NASCAR The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, LLC (NASCAR) is an American auto racing sanctioning and operating company that is best known for stock car racing. The privately owned company was founded by Bill France Sr. in 1948, and ...
,
IndyCar Series The IndyCar Series, currently known as the NTT IndyCar Series under sponsorship, is the highest class of regional North American open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars in the United States, which has been conducted under the auspices o ...
and
IMSA SportsCar Championship The IMSA SportsCar Championship, currently known as the IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship under sponsorship, is a sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada and organized by the International Motor Sports Association (IMS ...
). The current annuals are over 300 pages long.


Sister publications

Aside from one-off driver and team biographies branded as ''Autocourse'' publications, there are also two other annuals: ''Rallycourse'' (1982-2008), which covers rallying, and ''Motocourse'' (since 1976), which covers
motorcycle A motorcycle (motorbike, bike, or trike (if three-wheeled)) is a two or three-wheeled motor vehicle steered by a handlebar. Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long-distance travel, commuting, cruising ...
road racing.


Bibliography

* ''Autocourse 1975–1976'', Kettlewell, Mike (ed.), Hazleton Securities Ltd (1975) * ''Autocourse 1976–1977'', Kettlewell, Mike (ed.), Hazleton Securities Ltd (1976) * ''Autocourse 1977–1978'', Kettlewell, Mike (ed.), Hazleton Securities Ltd (1977) * ''Autocourse 1978–1979'', Kettlewell, Mike (ed.), Hazleton Securities Ltd (1978) * ''Autocourse 1979–1980'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Securities Ltd (1979) * ''Autocourse 1980–1981'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1980) * ''Autocourse 1981–1982'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1981) * ''Autocourse 1982–1983'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1982) * ''Autocourse 1983–1984'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1983) * ''Autocourse 1984–1985'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1984) * ''Autocourse 1985–1986'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1985) * ''Autocourse 1986–1987'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1986) * ''Autocourse 1987–1988'', Hamilton, Maurice (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1987) * ''Autocourse 1988–1989'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1988) * ''Autocourse 1989–1990'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1989) * ''Autocourse 1990–1991'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1990) * ''Autocourse 1991–1992'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1991) * ''Autocourse 1992–1993'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1992) * ''Autocourse 1993–1994'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1993) * ''Autocourse 1994–1995'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1994) * ''Autocourse 1995–1996'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1995) * ''Autocourse 1996–1997'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1996) * ''Autocourse 1997–1998'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1997) * ''Autocourse 1998–1999'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1998) * ''Autocourse 1999–2000'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (1999) * ''Autocourse 2000–2001'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (2000) * ''Autocourse 2001–2002'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (2001) * ''Autocourse 2002–2003'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (2002) * ''Autocourse 2003–2004'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (2003) * ''Autocourse 2004–2005'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Hazleton Publishing Ltd (2004) * ''Autocourse 2005–2006'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Crash Media Group Ltd (2005) * ''Autocourse 2006–2007'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Crash Media Group Ltd (2006) * ''Autocourse 2007–2008'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Crash Media Group Ltd (2007) * ''Autocourse 2008–2009'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Crash Media Group Ltd (2008) * ''Autocourse 2009–2010'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2009) * ''Autocourse 2010–2011'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2010) * ''Autocourse 2011–2012'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2011) * ''Autocourse 2012–2013'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2012) * ''Autocourse 2013–2014'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2013) * ''Autocourse 2014–2015'', Henry, Alan (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2014) * ''Autocourse 2015–2016'', Dodgins, Tony (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2015) * ''Autocourse 2016–2017'', Dodgins, Tony (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2016) * ''Autocourse 2017–2018'', Dodgins, Tony (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2017) * ''Autocourse 2018–2019'', Dodgins, Tony (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2018) * ''Autocourse 2019–2020'', Dodgins, Tony (ed.), Icon Publishing Ltd (2019)


References


External links

* {{Official, http://www.autocourse.com/ Books about sports English-language books Formula One mass media