Arm drag
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

In
martial arts Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practiced for a number of reasons such as self-defense; military and law enforcement applications; combat sport, competition; physical, mental, and spiritual development; entertainment; a ...
, a throw is a grappling technique that involves off-balancing or lifting an opponent, and throwing them to the ground, in
Japanese martial arts Japanese martial arts refers to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms (''budō'', ''bujutsu'', and ''bugei'') are used interchangeably with the English phrase Japanese martial arts. The usage ...
referred to as ''nage-waza'', 投げ技, "throwing technique". Throws are a subset of takedown (grappling). Certain throwing techniques called sacrifice throws (''sutemi-waza'', 捨身技, "sacrifice technique") involve putting oneself in a potentially disadvantageous position, such as on the ground, in order to execute a throw.


Types of throws

There are several major types of throw, among Asian martial arts, Judo has the most developed throwing techniques and throws are considered its specialty. Most throws are named by describing the circumvention point of the throw (e.g., hip throw, shoulder throw, wrist throw etc.), or the nature of effect of the throw on the opponent (e.g., heaven and earth throw, valley drop, body drop) with variations are given descriptive names. The names used here are attributed to Jujutsu throws (and hence judo/ Aikido throws) are descriptions in Japanese. It is conventional for the Japanese to name their throws in this manner, and many western martial art
dojos A is a hall or place for immersive learning or meditation. This is traditionally in the field of martial arts, but has been seen increasingly in other fields, such as meditation and software development. The term literally means "place of the ...
have given English names to the throws feeling that it is easier for English speaking students to remember the names of throws if they can associate the throws by the descriptive nature of the throw name. In Judo, throws are divided into six categories—hand techniques, leg techniques, hip techniques, shoulder techniques, as well as sacrifice throws to the rear and side.


Shoulder and back throws

A shoulder throw involves throwing an opponent over the shoulder. A shoulder throw which lifts the opponent from the ground is in Japanese referred to as ''
seoi-nage is a shoulder throw, one of the traditional forty throws of Judo as developed by Jigoro Kano. It belongs to the first group, Dai Ikkyo, of the traditional throwing list, Gokyo (no waza), of Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Thro ...
'' (背負い投げ, "Back Throw"), while a throw which involves upsetting the opponent’s balance and pulling the opponent over the shoulder is referred to as ''seoi-otoshi'' (背負落とし, "Back Drop"). Seoi-nage is one of the most used throws in judo competition. One study indicated that approximately 56% of
judoka is an unarmed modern Japanese martial art, Olympic sport (since 1964), and the most prominent form of jacket wrestling competed internationally.『日本大百科全書』電子版【柔道】(CD-ROM version of Encyclopedia Nipponica, "Judo"). ...
s implemented the technique. A common shoulder throw is judo's
ippon seoinage The is a throw in judo.Mifune, Kyuzo: ''The Canon of Judo'', Kodansha International Ltd. (Tokyo) 2004, , p. It is a variant of Seoi nage, and is one of the nineteen accepted techniques in Shinmeisho No Waza of Kodokan Judo. It is classified a ...
("Single-Handed Back Throw") or the similar ''flying mare'' in wrestling.


Leg throws, reaps, and trips

In a ''leg reap'', the attacker uses one of their legs to reap one or both of their opponent's legs off the ground. Generally the opponent's weight is placed on the leg that is reaped away. This coupled with the attacker controlling the opponent's body with their hands causes the opponent to fall over. Common leg reaps are judo's
Ouchi Gari Ouchi or Ōuchi may refer to: Geography * Ouchi, Hubei (), a town in Gong'an County, Jingzhou, Hubei, China Japan * Ōuchi, Akita, a town now merged into Yurihonjō, Akita * Ouchi, Saga, a town now merged into Karatsu-city, Saga * Ōuchi-juku, a ...
, Kouchi Gari, Osoto Gari, and Kosoto Gari. There are similar techniques in wrestling, including the inside and outside trips. Somewhat similar to leg reaps involve a hooking or lifting action with the attacking leg instead of a reaping action. The border between the two types of throw can be unclear, and many throws will exhibit characteristics of both reaps and trips, however, the difference is that a reap is one smooth move, like that of a scythe, whereas a hook is pulling the opponents leg up first, and then swinging it away. Common leg trips are hooking variations of Ouchi Gari and Osoto Gari along with Kosoto Gake, referred to as inside and outside trips in Western wrestling.


Sacrifice throws

Sacrifice throws require the thrower to move into a potentially disadvantageous position in order to be executed, such as falling to the ground. The momentum of the falling body adds power to the throw and requires comparatively little strength, compared to the effect. In Judo (as well as in other martial arts), these throws are called sutemi waza and are further divided into rear (ma sutemi waza) and side (yoko sutemi waza) throws. In Judo, these throws are limited to a specific grade and higher due to the element of danger that is placed upon both the uke (receiver) and the tori (thrower).


Hip throws

A hip throw involves using the thrower's hip as a pivot point, by placing the hip in a lower position than an opponent's center of gravity. There are several types of hip throws such as O Goshi, which is often taught first to novices. Hip throws in Judo are called Koshi Waza, and in Aikido or
Sumo is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a ''rikishi'' (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring (''dohyō'') or into touching the ground with any body part other than the soles of his feet (usually by thr ...
they are called koshinage.


Pick-ups

Pickups involve lifting the opponent off the ground and then bringing them down again. Common pick-ups are lifting variations of the double leg takedown, Judo's Te Guruma or ''sukui nage'' (both classified as hand throws) and the suplex from wrestling, in which the attacker lifts their opponents body vertically and throws the opponent over their own center of gravity while executing a back fall (usually accompanied by a back arch). Variations of the suplex are common in most forms of wrestling and sometimes used in mixed martial arts competition. In Judo, the '' ura-nage'' throw is a version of the suplex, but it is classified as a sacrifice throw.


List of throws

Some of the more common throwing techniques are listed below. This is not an exhaustive list and the techniques may be referred to by other names in different styles. An English translation and a common Japanese equivalent are given. *Major hip throw ( O Goshi) *Floating hip ( Uki Goshi) *Rear hip throw ( Ushiro Goshi) *Stamp throw *Major wheel ( O Guruma) *Transitional hip throw ( Utsuri Goshi) *Hip wheel ( Koshi Guruma) *Sweeping hip throw ( Harai Goshi) *Inner Thigh throw ( Uchi Mata) *Sweeping knee throw *Sweeping ankle throw *Leg wheel (
Ashi Guruma is a throw in judo.Mifune, Kyuzo: ''The Canon of Judo'', Kodansha International Ltd. (Tokyo) 2004, , p. It is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Kano Jigoro. It belongs to the third group of the traditional throwing list in ...
) *Major outer wheel (
Osoto Guruma , is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Jigoro Kano. It belongs to the fifth group, Gokyo, of the traditional throwing list, Gokyo (no waza), of Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo. It is clas ...
) *Inside hook throw (Kouchi Gake) *Outer hook throw *Cross hook *Knee wheel ( Hiza Guruma) *Advancing foot sweep ( Deashi Harai) *Lapel Back throw (
Eri Seoinage Eri may refer to: People * Eri (biblical figure) * Eri (given name), a Japanese feminine given name, including lists of people and fictional characters * Eri (king), the progenitor of the Umu-Eri and Umu-Nri-Igbo ancient Nigerian city-states * ...
) *Single-Handed Shoulder throw (
Ippon Seoinage The is a throw in judo.Mifune, Kyuzo: ''The Canon of Judo'', Kodansha International Ltd. (Tokyo) 2004, , p. It is a variant of Seoi nage, and is one of the nineteen accepted techniques in Shinmeisho No Waza of Kodokan Judo. It is classified a ...
) *Double-Handed Shoulder throw ( Morote Seoinage) *Major inner reaping, inside trip (
Ouchi Gari Ouchi or Ōuchi may refer to: Geography * Ouchi, Hubei (), a town in Gong'an County, Jingzhou, Hubei, China Japan * Ōuchi, Akita, a town now merged into Yurihonjō, Akita * Ouchi, Saga, a town now merged into Karatsu-city, Saga * Ōuchi-juku, a ...
) *Minor inner reaping ( Kouchi Gari) *Major outer reaping, outside trip ( Osoto Gari) *Minor outer reap ( Kosoto Gari) *Minor outer hook ( Kosoto Gake) *Propping ankle throw ( Sasae Tsurikomi Ashi) *Floating hip throw ( Uki Goshi) *Body drop ( Tai Otoshi) *Lifting hip throw ( Tsuri Goshi) *Sleeve lifting-pulling hip throw ( Sode Tsurikomi Goshi) *Floating drop ( Uki Otoshi) *Outside wrap ( Soto Makikomi) *Inside wrap ( Uchi Makikomi) *Springing hip throw ( Hane Goshi) *Double spring hip throw. *Shoulder wheel, fireman's carry (
Kata Guruma is one of the traditional forty throws of judo as developed by Kano Jigoro. Kata guruma belongs to the third group of the traditional throwing list in the ''Gokyo no waza'' of the Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kod ...
) *Valley drop ( Tani Otoshi) *Stomach throw ( Tomoe Nage) *Side circle *Corner throw *Head hip and knee throw *Reverse head hip and knee throw *Rear head hip and knee throw *Front scoop throw *Rear scoop throw *Neck throw (
Kubi Nage Kubi may be, *Kubi language *Kubi Turkana * ''Kubi'', a Japanese film by Takeshi Kitano People *John Kubi *Kwabena Appiah-Kubi *Kubi Indi Kubi Chaza Indi is a Zimbabwean development activist and businesswoman. Under her maiden name, Kubi Chaza, ...
) *Flying scissors takedown (
Kani Basami 300px, The attacker on the left sweeps the right foot of the opponent The foot sweep (also footsweep) is a move in many different styles of martial arts. It is used to trip an opponent. Foot sweeps are commonly used in Tang Soo Do, karate, Muay Th ...
) *Flying figure ten (
Tobi Juji Gatame ToBI (; an abbreviation of tones and break indices) is a set of conventions for transcribing and annotating the Prosody (linguistics), prosody of speech. The term "ToBI" is sometimes used to refer to the conventions used for describing American Engl ...
) *Wrist-based throws, especially Kotegaeshi (forearm return / supinating wrist lock) *Figure ten throw (
Juji nage ( t'alch'um) could be characterized as a Korean dance performed while wearing a mask, mimicry, miming, speaking, and even sometimes singing. Although the term is usually taken to mean all mask dance dramas by most Koreans, it is strictly speaki ...
, not closely related to Juji Gatame) *Breath throw (
Kokyu Nage Kokyu may refer to: * (Japanese: ), a traditional Japanese string instrument * (Japanese: ), the section of the Japanese Imperial Palace called the where the Imperial Family and court ladies lived * ''Kokyū'' (album) (Japanese: ), the debut ...
, sometimes called timing throw or the twenty-year throw) *Rotary throw (
Kaiten nage were crewed torpedoes and suicide craft, used by the Imperial Japanese Navy in the final stages of World War II. History In recognition of the unfavorable progress of the war, towards the end of 1943 the Japanese high command considered s ...
, sometimes called head-over-heels throw) *Heaven-and-earth throw (
Tenchi nage The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-Ohki'' and its spin-offs ''Tenchi Muyo! GXP'', ''Tenchi Muyo! War on Geminar'', ''Tenchi Universe'', ''Tenchi in Tokyo'', and ''Ai Tenchi Muyo!''. ...
) *Four corner throw ( Shiho nage, not to be confused with Corner Drop) *Entering throw (
Irimi nage In Japanese martial arts, is the act of entering straight into a technique, as opposed to the more indirect entrance into technique called ''tenkan''. In basic training, irimi usually looks like a step forward, straight or at an angle but usually ...
, sometimes also simply called Kokyu nage (it's a specific variant))


See also

* Judo technique - Includes a list of all the throws in Judo * Takedown


References


External links

*
SOMBO A Style of Wrestling: Chapter 5, Throwing and Scoring Techniques
( Wayback Machine copy)
The 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo

Collection of the 40 Throws of the Gokyo with Video Demonstrations
{{DEFAULTSORT:Throw (Grappling) Martial art techniques Kickboxing terminology