United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Aerial warfare, air military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part ...

United States Air Forces Europe United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two f ...

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

Ninth Air Force The Ninth Air Force (Air Forces Central) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina. It is the Air Force Service Component of United States Central Command (USCENTCOM), a joint De ...

Douglas A-20 Havoc The Douglas A-20 Havoc (company designation DB-7) is an American medium bomber, attack aircraft, night intruder, night fighter, and reconnaissance aircraft of World War II. Designed to meet an Army Air Corps requirement for a bomber, it was o ...

Douglas A-26 Invader The Douglas A-26 Invader (designated B-26 between 1948 and 1965) is an American twin-engined light bomber and ground attack aircraft. Built by Douglas Aircraft Company during World War II, the Invader also saw service during several major Col ...

V-E Day Victory in Europe Day is the day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on Tuesday, 8 May 1945, marking the official end of World War II in Europe in the Easte ...

air refueling Aerial refueling, also referred to as air refueling, in-flight refueling (IFR), air-to-air refueling (AAR), and tanking, is the process of transferring aviation fuel from one aircraft (the tanker) to another (the receiver) while both aircraft ...

McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender The McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender is an American aerial refueling tanker aircraft operated by the United States Air Force (USAF). A military version of the three-engine DC-10 airliner, the KC-10 was developed from the Advanced Tanker Cargo A ...

Air Force (magazine) An air force – in the broadest sense – is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an ...

Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance ISTAR stands for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance. In its macroscopic sense, ISTAR is a practice that links several battlefield functions together to assist a combat force in employing its sensors and managing t ...

United States Air Forces Africa United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two fi ...

324th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron The 324th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 409th Air Expeditionary Group at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Italy. The squadron was first activated in 1942 as the 324th Bom ...

Naval Air Station Sigonella Naval Air Station (NAS) Sigonella is an Italian Air Force base ('' it, Aeroporto "Cosimo Di Palma" di Sigonella''), and a U.S. Navy installation at Italian Air Force Base Sigonella in Sicily, Italy. The whole NAS is a tenant of the Italian Air ...

Agadez Agadez ( Air Tamajeq: ⴰⴶⴰⴷⴰⵣ, ''Agadaz''), formerly spelled Agadès, is the fifth largest city in Niger, with a population of 110,497 based on the 2012 census. The capital of Agadez Region, it lies in the Sahara desert, and is also ...

Niger ) , official_languages = , languages_type = National languagesNigerien Air Base 101, Niger)

History

World War II

The

group A group is a number of persons or things that are located, gathered, or classed together. Groups of people * Cultural group, a group whose members share the same cultural identity * Ethnic group, a group whose members share the same ethnic ide ...

was constituted as the 409th Bombardment Group (Light) on 1 June 1943, activated the same day at

Will Rogers Field Will may refer to: Common meanings * Will and testament, instructions for the disposition of one's property after death * Will (philosophy), or willpower * Will (sociology) * Will, volition (psychology) * Will, a modal verb - see Shall and will ...

, Oklahoma and assigned the 640th, 641st, 642d and 643d Bombardment Squadrons flying

Douglas A-20 Havoc The Douglas A-20 Havoc (company designation DB-7) is an American medium bomber, attack aircraft, night intruder, night fighter, and reconnaissance aircraft of World War II. Designed to meet an Army Air Corps requirement for a bomber, it was o ...

s.Maurer, ''Combat Units'', pp. 294–295Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', p. 690Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp. 690–691Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', p. 691Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp. 691–692 However, it did not receive manning until 20 June and it was 3 August before the group had sufficient manning or equipment to begin training.Warnock, A. Timothy, (1 January 2013) Lineage and Honors History of the 409 Air Expeditionary Group (USAFE), Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL (partly updated by Haulman, Daniel L.) The group trained with its A-20s until 10 February 1944 when it moved to

RAF Little Walden Royal Air Force Little Walden or more simply RAF Little Walden is a former Royal Air Force station primarily used by the United States Army Air Forces located north of Saffron Walden, Essex, England. The following units were here at some poin ...

, England, arriving on 7 March 1944, when it became part of

Ninth Air Force The Ninth Air Force (Air Forces Central) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina. It is the Air Force Service Component of United States Central Command (USCENTCOM), a joint De ...

. On 13 April, it flew its first combat mission against a target in France. The 409th was originally trained in low-level attack missions. However, the group was busy flying medium-altitude bombing runs from 10,000 ft. Over 100 missions were flown by the group, attacking coastal defenses, V-1 and

V-2 The V-2 (german: Vergeltungswaffe 2, lit=Retaliation Weapon 2), with the technical name ''Aggregat 4'' (A-4), was the world’s first long-range guided ballistic missile. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was develope ...

launch sites,

airfield An aerodrome ( Commonwealth English) or airdrome (American English) is a location from which aircraft flight operations take place, regardless of whether they involve air cargo, passengers, or neither, and regardless of whether it is for pub ...

s and other targets in France in preparation for Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy. The group supported ground forces during the

Battle of Normandy Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation was launched on 6 June 1944 (D-Day) with the Norm ...

by hitting gun batteries, rail lines, bridges, communications, and other objectives. During July 1944, it aided the Allied offensive at Caen and

Operation Cobra Operation Cobra was the codename for an offensive launched by the United States First Army under Lieutenant General Omar Bradley seven weeks after the D-Day landings, during the Normandy campaign of World War II. The intention was to take adv ...

, the breakout at

Saint-Lô Saint-Lô (, ; br, Sant Lo) is a commune in northwest France, the capital of the Manche department in the region of Normandy.

with attacks on enemy troops,

flak Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based ...

positions, fortified villages, and supply dumps. The group moved to Bretigny Airfield, France on 10 September to support

United States Third Army The United States Army Central, formerly the Third United States Army, commonly referred to as the Third Army and as ARCENT, is a military formation of the United States Army which saw service in World War I and World War II, in the 1991 Gulf Wa ...

's advance toward Germany. A total of ten aircraft had been lost by the group flying from Little Walden. In December 1944, the group began to convert to the

Douglas A-26 Invader The Douglas A-26 Invader (designated B-26 between 1948 and 1965) is an American twin-engined light bomber and ground attack aircraft. Built by Douglas Aircraft Company during World War II, the Invader also saw service during several major Col ...

, but its upgrade was delayed as it provided close air support during the

Battle of the Bulge The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Offensive, was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II. The battle lasted from 16 December 1944 to 28 January 1945, towards the end of the war in ...

, attacking

lines of communication A line of communication (or communications) is the route that connects an operating military unit with its supply base. Supplies and reinforcements are transported along the line of communication. Therefore, a secure and open line of communicati ...

during December 1944 and January 1945. It flew its A-26s in combat from Bretigny and, after February from Laon-Couvron Air Base, until 3 May 1945, when flew its last mission against an

ammunition dump An ammunition dump, ammunition supply point (ASP), ammunition handling area (AHA) or ammunition depot is a military storage facility for live ammunition and explosives. The storage of live ammunition and explosives is inherently hazardous. The ...

in Czechoslovakia. After

V-E Day Victory in Europe Day is the day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on Tuesday, 8 May 1945, marking the official end of World War II in Europe in the Easte ...

, the group began its return to the United States in June and gathered at

Seymour Johnson Field Seymour Johnson Air Force Base is a United States Air Force (USAF) base located in Goldsboro, North Carolina. The base is named for U.S. Navy Lt. Seymour A. Johnson, a test pilot from Goldsboro who died in an airplane crash near Norbeck, Maryland, ...

North Carolina in August. It moved to

Westover Field Westover may refer to: People * Al Westover (born 1954), American professional basketball player in Australia * Arthur Westover (1864–1935), Canadian sport shooter and 1908 Olympian * Charles Westover (1934–1990), better known as Del Shannon, ...

on 6 October 1945 and was inactivated there on 7 November 1945.

Twenty-first Century

The group was converted to provisional status, redesignated the 409th Air Expeditionary Group and assigned to

United States Air Forces Europe United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two f ...

, which activated it in November 2001 as an

air refueling Aerial refueling, also referred to as air refueling, in-flight refueling (IFR), air-to-air refueling (AAR), and tanking, is the process of transferring aviation fuel from one aircraft (the tanker) to another (the receiver) while both aircraft ...

unit at Camp Sarafovo, Bulgaria as part of the leadup to the Iraq War. It conducted flying operations from

Burgas Airport Burgas Airport () is an international airport in southeast Bulgaria and the second largest in the country. It is near the northern neighbourhood of Sarafovo approximately from the city centre. The airport principally serves Burgas and other ...

. The 409th Group was responsible for refueling operations in support of the US-led Operation Iraqi Freedom. Its mission included the use of six

McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender The McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender is an American aerial refueling tanker aircraft operated by the United States Air Force (USAF). A military version of the three-engine DC-10 airliner, the KC-10 was developed from the Advanced Tanker Cargo A ...

aircraft, deployed from McGuire Air Force Base New Jersey, to help keep coalition aircraft fueled and flying on their air routes through Bulgaria and on to the theater of war. At the time, the

407th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron 4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. In mathematics Four is the smallest c ...

formed part of the group. The 409th was inactivated in June 2003.The Camp Sarafavo planes included some assigned to Seymour-Johnson Air Force Base. The New Jersey airmen joked casually upon arrival that the tail designator SJ for Seymour Johnson stood for South Jersey instead. Later, the group participated in RESCUER/MEDCEUR 03, a regional multinational exercise held in the spirit of "

Partnership for Peace The Partnership for Peace (PfP; french: Partenariat pour la paix) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) program aimed at creating trust between the member states of NATO and other states mostly in Europe, including post-Soviet state ...

" at Vaziani Military Base, Georgia, in September 2003. The United States sponsored the exercise that the Georgians hosted. A U.S. exercise Joint Task Force administered the exercise. It was activated at Vaziani in 2005 for a similar exercise.Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, September 2005, Maxwell AFB, AL In August 2007, the group was activated at

Keflavik Air Station Keflavik Air Station (NATO ID: H-1A) is a now-closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station. It is located north-northwest of Naval Air Station Keflavik, Iceland. It was closed on 28 June 2006 as part of the closure of Unit ...

, Iceland to act as a command headquarters for elements of the

493d Fighter Squadron ("Death to the Enemy") , colors= Black/Gold , march= , mascot= , equipment = , battles=European Theater of OperationsWar in KosovoGlobal War on Terror , notable_commanders= , anniversaries= , decorations=Distinguished Unit CitationNavy Meritorious ...

and

351st Air Refueling Squadron The 351st Air Refueling Squadron (351st ARS) is part of the 100th Air Refueling Wing at RAF Mildenhall, England. Since 1992, it has operated the Boeing KC-135R/T Stratotanker aircraft conducting primarily aerial refueling but also airlift and ...

which were temporarily deployed there.Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, August 2007, Maxwell AFB, AL The following January saw the group active for three months at Accra, Ghana.Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, January 2008, Maxwell AFB, ALResearch Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, March 2008, Maxwell AFB, AL In 2011, it was activated at

Arba Minch Arba Minch (formerly called Ganta Garo) is a city and separate woreda in the southern part of Ethiopia. "Arba Minch" means "40 Springs", originated from the presence of more than 40 springs. It is located in the Gamo Zone of the Southern Nation ...

in Ethiopia with an air base squadron and with detachments in the Seychelles and Djibouti.Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, January 2011, Maxwell AFB, ALResearch Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, October 2011, Maxwell AFB, AL In March 2012 it added the

324th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron The 324th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 409th Air Expeditionary Group at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Italy. The squadron was first activated in 1942 as the 324th Bom ...

to its strength.Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, March 2012, Maxwell AFB, AL In 2012, United States Air Forces Africa reported that " e 409th Air Expeditionary Group provides the primary intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance missions across the ommand'sentire area of responsibility from multiple locations as required. The objective is to promote regional security and stability, dissuade conflict and protect U.S. and coalition interests." The group has shared a commander during its most recent activations with the

404th Air Expeditionary Group The 404th Air Expeditionary Group (404 AEG) is a provisional United States Air Force unit assigned to the United States Air Forces in Europe. It is attached to Seventeenth Air Force ir Forces Africa stationed at Ramstein Air Base, Germany. Th ...

, which provides expeditionary support units in the same area.

Lineage

* Constituted as the 409th Bombardment Group (Light) on 1 June 1943 and activated : Redesignated 409th Bombardment Group, Light 27 April 1944 : Inactivated on 7 November 1945Lineage, including stations and aircraft prior to 1945 in Maurer, ''Combat Units'', pp. 294–295, escept as indicated * Converted to provisional status, redesignated 409th Air Expeditionary Group and allotted to

United States Air Forces Europe United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two f ...

to activate or inactivate as needed on 5 February 2001 :: Activated on 15 November 2001 :: Inactivated 2003 :: Activated on 5 September 2003 :: Inactivated on 23 September 2003 :: Activated on 4 September 2005 :: Inactivated on 27 September 2005 :: Activated on 9 August 2007 :: Inactivated on 20 August 2007 :: Activated on 30 January 2008 :: Inactivated on 4 March 2008 :: Activated on 1 January 2011 :: Inactivated unknown

Assignments

*

Third Air Force The Third Air Force (Air Forces Europe) (3 AF) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA). Its headquarters is Ramstein Air Base, Germany. It is responsible for all U.S. air forces in ...

(attached to 56th Bombardment Training Wing), 1 June 1943 *

III Bomber Command The III Bomber Command is a disbanded United States Air Force headquarters. It was established in September 1941, shortly before the attack on Pearl Harbor to command bomber units assigned to 3rd Air Force. Following the entry of the United Sta ...

(attached to

II Tactical Air Division The II Air Support Command is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to Third Air Force at Biggs Field, Texas, as the II Tactical Air Division, where it was inactivated on 22 December 1945. The command was organized in Se ...

), 6 August 1943 * 97th Combat Bombardment Wing (later 97th Bombardment Wing), 7 March 1944 * First Air Force, 15 August 1945 – 7 November 1945 *

United States Air Forces Europe United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two f ...

to activate or inactivate anytime after November 2001 ::

16th Air Expeditionary Task Force The Sixteenth Air Force (Air Forces Cyber) (16 AF) is a United States Air Force (USAF) organization responsible for information warfare, which encompasses intelligence gathering and analysis, surveillance, reconnaissance, cyber warfare and ele ...

, 15 November 2001– unknown :: Attached to

Sixteenth Air Force The Sixteenth Air Force (Air Forces Cyber) (16 AF) is a United States Air Force (USAF) organization responsible for information warfare, which encompasses intelligence gathering and analysis, surveillance, reconnaissance, cyber warfare and ele ...

, 5 September 2003 – 23 September 2003 :: Attached to Sixteenth Air Force, 4 September 2005 -27 September 2005 :: Attached to

48th Fighter Wing The 48th Fighter Wing (48 FW) is part of the United States Air Force's Third Air Force, assigned to Headquarters Air Command Europe and United States Air Forces in Europe ( USAFE). It is based at RAF Lakenheath, England. The 48 FW is the only F ...

, 9 August 2007 – 20 August 2007 :: Attached to

Third Air Force The Third Air Force (Air Forces Europe) (3 AF) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA). Its headquarters is Ramstein Air Base, Germany. It is responsible for all U.S. air forces in ...

, 30 January 2008 – 4 March 2008 :: Attached to Seventeenth Air Force, 1 January 2011 :: 17th Expeditionary Air Force, 1 April 2012 – present

Components

; SquadronsComponents were stationed with group headquarters, except as noted 1952-1945 * 640th Bombardment Squadron, 1 June 1943 – 7 November 1945 * 641st Bombardment Squadron, 1 June 1943 – 7 November 1945 * 642d Bombardment Squadron, 1 June 1943 – 7 November 1945 * 643d Bombardment Squadron, 1 June 1943 – 7 November 1945 2001–2005 * 79th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron, 2001? – 2003? * 86th Expeditionary Medical Squadron, 5 September 2003 – 25 September 2003Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, September 2003, Maxwell AFB, AL * 100th Expeditionary Civil Engineer Squadron, 5 September 2003 – 25 September 2003 *

351st Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron The 351st Air Refueling Squadron (351st ARS) is part of the 100th Air Refueling Wing at RAF Mildenhall, England. Since 1992, it has operated the Boeing KC-135R/T Stratotanker aircraft conducting primarily aerial refueling but also airlift and ...

, c. 15 November 2001 – unknown, 9 August 2007 – 20 August 2007 *

407th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron 4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. In mathematics Four is the smallest c ...

, 2001? – 2003? * 409th Expeditionary Medical Support Squadron, 4 September 2005 – 27 September 2005 * 409th Expeditionary Mission Support Squadron, 4 September 2005 – 27 September 2005 2007–2008 * (see 351st Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron, above) *

493d Expeditionary Fighter Squadron ("Death to the Enemy") , colors= Black/Gold , march= , mascot= , equipment = , battles= European Theater of OperationsWar in Kosovo Global War on Terror , notable_commanders= , anniversaries= , decorations= Distinguished Unit CitationNavy Meritori ...

, 9 August 2007 – 20 August 2007 * 722d Expeditionary Air Base Squadron, 30 January 2008 – 4 March 2008 * 871st Air Expeditionary Squadron, 30 January 2008 – 4 March 2008 2011 and later * 33d Expeditionary Special Operations Squadron, 1 January 2011 – unknown *

324th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron The 324th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 409th Air Expeditionary Group at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Italy. The squadron was first activated in 1942 as the 324th Bom ...

, 1 March 2012 – unknown ::

Naval Air Station Sigonella Naval Air Station (NAS) Sigonella is an Italian Air Force base ('' it, Aeroporto "Cosimo Di Palma" di Sigonella''), and a U.S. Navy installation at Italian Air Force Base Sigonella in Sicily, Italy. The whole NAS is a tenant of the Italian Air ...

, Italy * 768th Expeditionary Air Base Squadron, 1 January 2011 – present ; Flight * 409th Expeditionary Civil Engineer Flight, c. 15 November 2001 – unknown ; Detachments * Detachment 1, 1 January 2011 – present ::

Victoria, Seychelles Victoria () is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Seychelles, situated on the north-eastern side of Mahé, Seychelles, Mahé island, the archipelago's main island. The city was first established as the seat of the British Empire, Bri ...

* Detachment 2, 1 October 2011 – present ::

Djibouti Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red ...

, Djibouti

Aircraft

* Douglas A-20 Havoc, 1943–1945 * Douglas A-26 Invader, 1945 * McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender, 2003

Stations

* Will Rogers Field, Oklahoma, 1 June 1943 *

Woodward Army Air Field West Woodward Airport is in Woodward County, Oklahoma, United States, seven miles west of Woodward, which owns it. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 called it a ''general aviation'' airport. History Second A ...

, Oklahoma, 2 October 1943Maurer does not give an exact date for the move of the group headquarters, but all four of the group's squadrons moved on 2 October, so this seems the most likely date for the group move. Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp. 690–692. *

DeRidder Army Air Base Beauregard Regional Airport is a public use airport in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is owned by Beauregard Parish and is located three nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of DeRidder, Louisiana ...

, Louisiana c. 10 December 1943 – 10 February 1944 * RAF Little Walden (AAF-165),Station number in Anderson England, 7 March 1944 * Bretigny Airfield (A-48),Station number in Johnson France, September 1944 * Laon-Couvron Airfield (A-70), France, February–June 1945 * Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina, August 1945 * Westover Field, Massachusetts, ca. 6 October – 7 November 1945 * Camp Sarafovo, Bulgaria, 15 November 2001 – unknown * Vaziani Military Base, Georgia, 5 September 2003 – 25 September 2003 * Vaziani Military Base, Georgia, 4 September 2005 – 27 September 2005 * Keflavik Air Station, 9 August 2007 – 20 August 2007 * Accra, Ghana, 30 January 2008 – 4 March 2008 *

Arba Minch Arba Minch (formerly called Ganta Garo) is a city and separate woreda in the southern part of Ethiopia. "Arba Minch" means "40 Springs", originated from the presence of more than 40 springs. It is located in the Gamo Zone of the Southern Nation ...

, Ethiopia, 1 January 2011 – unknown

Award and campaigns

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

* * * * * *

External links

House Concurrent Resolution 177, June 5, 2003
* * * * * * * {{USAAF 3d Air Force World War II Air expeditionary groups of the United States Air Force

Units

History

World War II

Twenty-first Century

Lineage

Assignments

Components

Aircraft

Stations

Award and campaigns

See also

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

External links