The 1982 Amol uprising was an armed uprising against the government of

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

by the

Maoist Maoism, officially called Mao Zedong Thought by the Chinese Communist Party, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed to realise a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of Ch ...

organisation

Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran lit. ''the head-on-gallow mass'') (UIC(S); fa, اتحادیه کمونیست‌های ایران) was a Maoist organization in Iran. The UIC(S) was formed in 1976 after the alliance of a number of Maoist gr ...

Background

The Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) or UIC(S) for short, was a Maoist organisation that adopted

people's war People's war ( Chinese: 人民战争), also called protracted people's war, is a Maoist military strategy. First developed by the Chinese communist revolutionary leader Mao Zedong (1893–1976), the basic concept behind people's war is to main ...

as its line of struggle. The

Amol County Amol County ( fa, شهرستان آمل) is located in Mazandaran province, Iran. The capital of the county is Amol. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 343,747, in 93,194 households. Retrieved 3 November 2022 At the 2016 census, ...

was chosen by UIC(S) as a

revolutionary base area In Mao Zedong's original formulation of the military strategy of people's war, a revolutionary base area ( ''gémìng gēnjùdì''), or simply base area, is a local stronghold that the revolutionary force conducting the people's war should attemp ...

History

1982 was an important year in the history of the UIC(S) and the history of Maoism in Iran in general. In this year the UIC(S) mobilised forces in forests around Amol and launched an armed campaign against the Islamic Republic. It organised an uprising on 25 January 1982, led by Siamak Zaim. The uprising was eventually a failure and many UIC(S) and Maoist leaders were shot. Zaim was arrested by the Revolutionary Guard after they retook Amol by force, and eventually executed in 1984 in spite of a pardon from death granted for helping end the firefight.

Aftermath

After the failure of the uprising the UIC(S) went through a difficult period with most of its leadership and members arrested or killed. It also experienced various theoretical and political crises.

In culture

The ''Little Black Fish'' ( fa, ماهی سیاه کوچولو) is a 2014 Iranian film by Majid Esmaeili Parsa about Amol uprising.

References

External links